Ionization of Clusters in Intense Laser Pulses through Collective Electron Dynamics

The motion of electrons and ions in medium-sized rare gas clusters ( approximately 1000 atoms) exposed to intense laser pulses is studied microscopically by means of classical molecular dynamics using a hierarchical tree code. Pulse parameters for optimum ionization are found to be wavelength dependent. This resonant behavior is traced back to a collective electron oscillation inside the charged cluster. It is shown that this dynamics can be well described by a driven and damped harmonic oscillator allowing for a clear discrimination against other energy absorption mechanisms.     

Energetic Protons Emitted from Coulomb Explosion Dynamics of Large-Sized Hydrogen Clusters Driven by an Ultrashort Intense Laser Pulse

Protons with very high kinetic energy of about lOkeV and the saturation effect of proton energy for laser intensity have been observed in the interaction of an ultrashort intense laser pulse with large-sized hydrogen dusters. Including the cluster-size distribution as well as the laser-intensity distribution on the focus spot, the theoretical calculations based on a simplified Coulomb explosion model have been compared with our experimental measurements, which are in good agreement with each other.     

Ionization Problem for Hydrogen Atom in Intense Circularly Polarized Laser Field Revisited

Ionization rate for circular polarization laser field is reformulated in length gauge. The Volkov state or the Coulomb-correctsd Volkov one is served at the final wavefunction and would lead to that the ionization rate in length gauge is closer to the experimental data than the corresponding result in velocity gauge. It is also found that the ionization rate as a function of laser intensity has nevertheless the stabilization effect, although in the sense more weakly in length gauge than in velocity gauge, when the field is to be comparable or exceeds to the atomic binding field.     

激光场中一维和三维氢分子离子模型经典动力学行为的比较

应用经典轨迹方法,采用辛算法数值求解激光场中的一维和三维氢分子离子(H2 )的Hamilton正则方程,得到氢分子离子在激光场作用下的经典轨迹,并比较分析氢分子离子一维模型与三维模型的存活、解离、电离和库仑爆炸等动力学行为,以及电子的运动情况的相似之处.数值结果表明,采用一维模型能近似定性反映氢分子离子的动力学行为,并且简便可行.     

纳秒强光场下呋喃的激光电离中高价离子的产生

利用 2 5ns脉冲Nd :YAG 5 32nm的激光 ,在 10 11W/cm2 的光场强度下 ,用飞行时间质谱对不同条件下呋喃的激光电离过程进行了研究 .当利用氩作为载气时 ,首次观察到了较强的Cn + (n =2～ 4 )和Om + (m =2～ 3)离子信号 .通过测定峰分裂和数值模拟计算的方法可以确定其中C2 + 、C3 + 和C4+ 的最可几平动能分别为 2 1、6 3和 10 0eV ,O2 + 和O3 + 的最可几平动能分别为 2 0和 4 0eV .质谱峰型的分裂现象和激光延迟实验结果表明 ,这些高价离子可能来源于呋喃团簇的库仑爆炸过程 .     

双色激光场中一维氢分子的经典动力学性质研究

应用经典理论方法,采用辛算法,数值求解双色激光场作用下的一维共线氢分子的哈密顿正则方程,得到氢分子在激光场作用下的经典轨迹,并计算H₂⁺,H₂²⁺,H,H⁺等产物的产生概率随时间的演化,分析了双色场的光强、倍频、相位的变化对氢分子动力学性质的影响并给出相关的物理解释.     

On the Possibility to Observe Collective Tunneling in Ionization of Atoms by Intense Laser Fields

JETP Letters - The shape of momentum distributions of doubly charged ions emerging in the process of ionization of atoms in an intense low-frequency circularly polarized laser field is discussed....     

Attosecond Dynamics of Photoexcitation of the Hydrogen Atom by Ultrashort Laser Pulses

The dynamics of photoexcitation of the hydrogen atom in the discrete and continuous spectra under the action of laser pulses in the attosecond range of time and pulse durations has been analyzed using perturbation theory. It is shown that over time interval shorter than or on the order of pulse duration, the time dependence of the photoexcitation probability is generally oscillating by nature. It has been established that for certain values of parameters, the envelope of this dependence has a peak, the position of which is determined by the pulse duration and carrier frequency.     

Study on Non-Sequential Double Ionization of Aligned Diatomic Molecules in Strong Laser Fields

We develop a semiclassical model to describe the non-sequential double ionization of aligned diatomic molecules in an intense linearly polarized field. It is found that in the tunnelling regime, the oriented molecule shows geometric effects on double ionization process when aligned parallel and perpendicular to the external field. Our results are qualitatively consistent with the recent experimental observations.     

分子的取向和激光强度对非时序双电离的影响

利用半经典再散射模型,分别研究分子的取向平行和垂直于电场方向时反冲离子的动量分布、两电子的动量相关和隧穿电子的电离能分布.计算结果表明,分子的取向和激光强度对非时序双电离过程有重要的影响.     

Microscopic Dynamics of Nonsequential Double Ionization by Elliptically Polarized Few-Cycle Laser Pulses

With the classical ensemble model, we investigate nonsequential double ionization (NSDI) of xenon atoms using 780 nm, 0.25 PW/cm2elliptically polarized few-cycle laser pulses. The momentum distribution of correlated electron along the long axis of the laser polarization plane shows an obvious V-like structure locating at the third quadrant, and the momentum along the short axis of the laser polarization plane are mainly distributed in the second and fourth quadrants. Moreover, we demonstrate that the Coulomb repulsion interaction plays a decisive role to the above results.By back analyzing the classical trajectories of NSDI, we find that there are two kinds of recollision trajectories mainly contribute to NSDI, and the different microscopic dynamics for the two kinds of trajectories are clearly explored.     

Space-Charge Effect on Residual Energy Under Intense Ultrashort Pulse Laser

Can the spacecharge effect reduce the above-threshold-ionization (ATI) energy? This problem is analyzed by using the technique of multiple-time-scale perturbation. As the optical frequency is much larger than the plasma frequency, the space-charge effect is then reduced to the ponderomotive effect. It is found that the ponderornotive effect on residual energy is great as half plasma period is larger than pulse length, however, it cannot reduce the AT1 energy over the whole density range. The relevant experiments are analyzed. Their results support our conclusions. Finally, it is pointed out that for a given pulse laser there may be a density range available for optical field ionization x-ray laser over which only the AT1 heating plays role.     

Above-Threshold Ionization of Xenon by Chirped Intense Laser Pulses

We experimentally investigate above-threshold ionization of xenon subject to chirped intense laser pulses. While for few-cycle laser pulses free of chirp, the Freeman resonance narrow peaks in the photoelectron spectra become strongly suppressed, they will re-emerge for laser pulses with a certain chirp. Moreover, the position of the resonant peaks exhibits a strong dependence on the direction of the chirp. The experimental features can be understood by a two-step ionization process; that is, a multi-photon excitation plus subsequent ionization process.     

强激光中原子过程的理论研究

从理论角度结合实际工作,概要地介绍强激光中原子过程的特点、理论研究现状及其在激光核聚变中的可能作用． A most important feature of atomic processes in laser fusion is pointed out. The current situation of theoretical study of these processes is analyzed, then. The possible application of the theoretical study is described by a illustrative example.All of the above mentioned things are based on our practical work.     

超短强激光作用下空气的三次谐波辐射

进行了飞秒强激光与自由空气和充气毛细管相互作用产生三次谐波的实验研究，成功地获得了功率达0.17GW、重复频率为10Hz的紫外三次谐波信号，谐波的转换效率达到0.04%。对自由空气和充气毛细管中的谐波转换效率和谐波空间分布特性进行了比较。实验表明微毛细管虽然使谐波转换效率略有降低，但能有效地改善谐波的空间分布，使其更好地满足实际应用的需要。     

Emission Spectrum of an Atom in the Field of Intense Ultrashort Laser Pulse

The spectral probability densities of the spontaneous emission and the generation of harmonics by a hydrogen atom in the field of intense laser pulse are calculated. A previously proposed approach is used, which is based on the Kramers?Henneberger transformation for the wave function of time-dependent Schrödinger equation and expansion in the unperturbed atomic eigenstates and the photon states. The spectral range up to the tenth harmonic is investigated with the laser pulse duration ranging from 6 to 12 optical cycles and the peak intensity varied from 1 to 10 TWcm^?2.     

Multiphoton Ionization of Potassium Atoms in Femtosecond Laser Fields

We study the multiphoton ionization of potassium atoms in 800 nm and 400 nm femtosecond laser fields.In the 800 nm laser field,the potassium atom absorbs three photons and emits one electron via one photon resonance with the 4p intermediate state with the help of the ac-Stark shift.The resonance feature is clearly shown as an Autler-Townes(AT) splitting and is mapped out in the electron kinetic energy spectrum.In a 400 nm laser field,although one photon resonance is possible with the 5p state,no splitting is observed.The different transition amplitudes between 4s-4p and 4s-5p explain the observed results.Due to the AT effect,an unexpected peak in the photoelectron energy spectrum that violates the dipole transition rule is observed.A preliminary explanation involving the spin-orbit interaction in the p state is given to account for this component.The observed ATsplitting in the electron kinetic energy distribution can be used as an effective method to calibrate the intensity of a laser field.     

二能级三维氢原子模型中强激光场的谐波发射

在强激光场中三维二能级氢原子模型的基础上, 对其含时Schr\"{o}dinger方程进行了非微扰的数值求解, 得到了激光场的高次谐波谱.     

纳秒强激光中乙腈团簇增强的高价电离研究

利用脉宽为25 ns的脉冲Nd∶YAG 1 064 nm的激光,在1010～1011 W·cm-2的强度下,用飞行时间质谱对乙腈分子束激光电离过程进行了研究。实验中利 用氦气作为载气,乙腈分子束采用扩散和脉冲两种方式进样,当扩散束进样时,乙腈分子的谱峰可用多光子电离来解释,而当脉冲分子束进样时,实验中产生了外层价电子高剥离的Nq+ (q=2～5) 和Cq+(q=1～4)信号谱。实验中同时发现,激光波长增大时,高价离子的谱强度也趋向于增大。激光延迟及谱峰的相关性分析表明,这些高价离子可能来源于乙腈团簇的库仑爆炸 过程。提出一个多光子电离引发,逆韧致吸收加热-电子碰撞电离模型来解释高价离子的产生,对高价离子伴随的波长效应也给出了较为合理的解释。