神秘色彩与兵马俑

借用拟人的手法，介绍了兵马俑上所使用部分颜料的基本性质，着重介绍了颜料中国紫的身世、结构、性质与应用。同时，本文介绍了兵马俑失去颜色的原因以及兵马俑的保护措施，呼吁大众从自身做起，共同保护身边的文物，弘扬中华传统文化。     

环境内分泌干扰素分析方法进展

本文详细介绍了国内外环境内分泌干扰素的分析研究进展。着重介绍了环境样品的预处理方法，并进行了比较和评价，对不同环境样品中内分泌干扰素的分析检测方法进行了介绍。     

气体传感器和电子鼻

通过实例介绍了气体传感器的原理及应用，并对以气体传感器为基础，模拟生物体嗅觉系统的智能型传感器———电子鼻，做了简单介绍。     

由反应速率方程推测反应机理的经验规则

由反应速率方程推测反应机理的知识在"物理化学"教材中介绍较少，结合应用例题介绍了由反应速率方程反推反应机理的经验规则，并介绍了推测反应机理的一般步骤，有助于物理化学的自学者和科研人员掌握推导机理的基础知识。     

激光光解时间分辨电子自旋共振波谱

介绍了激光诱导时间分辨电子自旋共振技术，简述了光诱导自旋极化的各种机理，并以若干例子介绍了这种技术的当前发展。     

环境标志产品与化学

本文介绍了环境标志的产生，中国环境标志实施的背景及现状，指出了推广环境标志产品的意义，介绍了几种与化学及日常生活相关的环境示志产品。     

应用热等离子体技术处理污染物的研究进展

介绍了应用于处理环境污染物的各种热等离子体技术及其特点，突出介绍了新兴的电感硝等离子体技术的发展。评述了近期用于污染物处理的等离子体研究领域的几个重要方向，并重略介绍了作者实验室的一些实验结果。     

VOCs污染控制技术与吸附催化材料

简述了VOCs对环境和对人类健康的主要危害，介绍了常见的VOCs污染控制技术，包括回收技术和销毁技术，其中较详细地介绍了吸附法和催化燃烧法的特点及其进展，指出在吸附技术和催化技术里，吸附剂和催化剂扮演着重要角色，本文对这两类环境净化材料的进展和存在问题也作了相应的介绍。     

稀土金属化合物的结构和磁性

本文介绍了稀土金属间化合物的结构特点，通过晶体结构和稀土－３ｄ过滤金属化合物中的三种相互作用分析，解释了磁性特点，同时介绍了矫顽力的两种模型。     

等离子体引发聚合及其应用

系统介绍了等离子体引发聚合的方法，特点，着重介绍等离子体引发聚合在超高分子量聚合物的合成，嵌段聚合，接枝聚合及无机高分子，单晶聚合物合成等方面的应用研究成果。     

Strategy for water analysis using ICP-MS

The developed strategy permits determination in three steps of sixty-seven elements using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Sodium, Mg, Si, S, Cl, K, and Ca are determined in a first step; B, Al, P, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Ag, Cd, Sb, Ba, Hg, and Pb are determined in a second step; and Li, Be, Ti, V, Co, Ga, Ge, Br, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Te, I, Cs, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, W, Pt, Au, Tl, Bi, Th, and U are analyzed in a third step. The figures of merit obtained are adequate to carry out water quality monitoring and other hydrochemical studies, such those based in the application of hydrochemical fingerprinting to water management.     

The determination of metals in organic compounds

Summary A comprehensive review of the methods available for the determination of metals in organic compounds has been made. The following metals have been considered:—sodium, potassium, lithium, rubidium, caesium, magnesium, calcium, barium, strontium, boron, thallium, silicon, germanium, antimony, bismuth, tin, lead, selenium, tellurium, silver, gold, osmium, platinum, copper, cadmium, zinc, mercury, vanadium, chromium, iron, cobalt, nickel, niobium, tantalum, rhenium, titanium, zirconium and uranium.

---

Zusammenfassung Eine vollständige Übersicht über Methoden zur Bestimmung von Metallen in organischen Verbindungen wird gegeben. Für folgende Metalle werden Methoden beschrieben: Natrium, Kalium, Lithium, Rubidium, Cäsium, Magnesium, Calcium, Barium, Strontium, Bor, Thallium, Silicium, Germanium, Antimon, Wismut, Zinn, Blei, Selen, Tellur, Silber, Gold, Osmium, Platin, Kupfer, Cadmium, Zink, Quecksilber, Vanadium, Chrom, Eisen, Kobalt, Nickel, Niob, Tantal, Rhenium, Titan, Zirkonium und Uran.

---

Résumé On donnait une revue complète des méthodes valables pour le dosage des métaux dans des substances organiques. Des méthodes sont décrites pour les métaux suivants: sodium, potassium, lithium, rubidium, caesium, magnésium, calcium, barium, strontium, bore, thallium, silicium, germanium, antimoine, bismuth, étain, plomb, sélénium, tellure, argent, or, osmium, platine, cuivre, cadmium, zinc, mercure, vanadium, chrome, fer, cobalt, nickel, niobe, tantale, rhenium, titane, zirconium et urane.

     

NAA and ICP analysis of obsidian from Central Europe and the Aegean: Source characterisation and provenance determination

INAA and ICPES are compared for their discriminative power in obsidian source characterisation. Geological samples from the Aegean and Carpathian sources were analysed for Na, Sc, Fe, Co, Rb, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, Th, U by INAA and for B, Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, Mn, Fe, Zn, Y, Yr, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Yb, Lu, Hf by two ICPES procedures. It is shown that all techniques work successfully, however, INAA is more efficient in the chemical discrimination of neighbouring sources.     

Elemental content in wheat products of Al-Qusim region, Saudi Arabia using the INAA technique

Wheat is one of the most grown crops in Saudi Arabia. It is grown in various regions of the country. Accurate knowledge of the elemental concentrations in wheat and its products (bran and flour) is of great importance from a nutritional point of view. Wheat samples were obtained from the Al-Qusim region, 300 km northwest of Riyadh, and analyzed. Up to 50 elements (Al, Sb, As, Ba, Br, Cd, Ca, Cs, Cl, Cr, Co, Cu, Ga, Au, Hf, In, I, Ir, Fe, Mg, Mn, Hg, Mo, Ni, K, Rb, Sc, Se, Ag, Na, Sr, Ta, Te, Th, Sn, Ti, W, U, V, Zn, Zr, Ce, Dy, Eu, La, Lu, Nd, Sm, Tb and Yb) were determined in the wheat products. It was observed that the elemental content of bran was much higher than that of white flour.     

Determinations de traces dans les semi-conducteurs par activation neutronique

Résumé On décrit la détermination de traces dans le germanium, le silicium et le sélénium. En appliquant des techniques gamma spectrométriques, précédées ou non de séparations chimiques il est possible de doser les éléments suivants dans (1) germanium: As, Cu, Au, Ga, Zn, Hg, Cr, Sn, Sb, Co, In, Ni, Ir, Se, Sc, Ag, Ta, Hf et U; (2) silicium: P, Au, Sb, Ga, Fe, K, Cr, Mo, Sn, As, Co, In, Zn, Cu, W, Ta, Na, Eu, Sm, La, Sc et T1; (3) sélénium: Cl, Br, I, P, S, Te, Na, K, Cr, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Ga, Sc, Ag, Cd, La, W, Au et Tl. Les concentrations et ou limites de détections varient de quelques parties par million à 10⁻³ parties par milliard.     

Traceability along the production chain of Italian tomato products on the basis of stable isotopes and mineral composition

The paper shows the variability of stable isotope ratios and mineral composition in tomato and derivatives along the production chain (juice, passata and paste) in order to evaluate the possibility of tracing their geographical origin. The ratios (13)C/(12)C, (15)N/(14)N, (18)O/(16)O, D/H, (34)S/(32)S and the content of Li, Be, B, Na, Mg, Al, P, K, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Tm, Yb, Ir, Tl, Pb, U and of nitrates, chlorides, sulphates and phosphates were measured by Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry, Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry and Ion Chromatography, respectively. The tomato products were from three Italian regions - Piedmont, Emilia Romagna, and Apulia. By applying linear discriminant analysis on 17 of these parameters (Gd, La, Tl, Eu, Cs, Ni, Cr, Co, δ(34)S, δ(15)N, Cd, K, Mg, δ(13)C, Mo, Rb and U) excellent discrimination among products from the three regions was achieved. Irrespective of the processing technology, over 95% of the samples were correctly reclassified in cross-validation into the production site. The use of these parameters will allow the development of analytical control procedures that can be used to check the geographical provenance of Italian tomatoes and products derived from them.     

Synthesis of Three New Macrocyclic Tetraamide Ligands

A facile route is described for the synthesis of a series of macrocyclic tetraamides 1, 4, 9, 12 - tetraazacyclo - 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11, 14, 15-tetrabenzo-cetanan - 5, 8, 13, 16 - tetraone (TCTCT), 1, 4, 10, 13 - tetraazacyclo -2, 3, 6, 8, 11, 12, 15, 17-tetrabenzo-octadecan-5, 9, 14, 18-tetraone(TCTOT) and 1, 4, 10, 13-tetraaza-cyclo-2, 3, 11, 12-dibenzo-6, 8, 15, 17-dipyrdyl-octadecan-5, 9, 14, 18-tetraone (TCPOT) derived from 1, 2-diaminobenzene based on a stepwise approach using diacid dichloride (1, 2-diacid dichloride benzene, 1, 3- diacid dichloride benzene, 2, 6 - diacid dichloride pyridine) or mix dianhydrides for ring closure. This method is applicable for the preparation of a variety of receptors of various ring size, heteroatom substitution and pendant chains.     

Mg(OH)_2共沉淀和直接稀释联用ICP-MS法准确测定海水中的多种常量-微量元素

对海水中多种常量/微量元素分别用Mg(OH)_2共沉淀和直接稀释ICP-MS法进行方法比较研究,分别确定了这些元素适宜的准确分析方法,为海水中常量/微量元素的ICP-MS测定提供了实用的检测手段。结果表明,Mg(OH)_2共沉淀法能够实现对V,Cr,Mn,Co,Cd及稀土元素(La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb,Lu)等19种微量元素的分离富集和准确测定;10倍直接稀释法能够同时准确测定海水中B,Sr,Li,Rb,I,V,Cr,As,Cd,U,Mo,Cu,Mn 13种微量元素,但不适合Zn,Ni,Co和Pb,以及稀土元素等在海水中浓度过低元素的测定;两种方法对适宜测定的元素均操作简便快速,具有较高的准确度和精密度。这两种方法联用,就可用约50 mL的海水实现大洋和近海海水中Co,La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb,Lu(这15个元素采用Mg(OH)_2共沉淀法)及B,Sr,Li,Rb,I,V,Cr,As,Cd,U,Mo,Cu,Mn(这13个元素采用10倍直接稀释法)等28种元素的准确测定。     

Evaluation of strontium isotope abundance ratios in combination with multi-elemental analysis as a possible tool to study the geographical origin of ciders

In order to evaluate alternative analytical methodologies to study the geographical origin of ciders, both multi-elemental analysis and Sr isotope abundance ratios in combination with multivariate statistical analysis were estimated in 67 samples from England, Switzerland, France and two Spanish regions (Asturias and the Basque Country). A methodology for the precise and accurate determination of the ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr isotope abundance ratio in ciders by multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) was developed. Major elements (Na, K, Ca and Mg) were measured by ICP-AES and minor and trace elements (Li, Be, B, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Mo, Cd, Sn, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, W, Tl, Pb, Bi, Th and U) were measured by ICP-MS using a collision cell instrument operated in multitune mode. An analysis of variance (ANOVA test) indicated that group means for B, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Se, Cd, Cs, Ce, W, Pb, Bi and U did not show any significant differences at the 95% confidence level, so these elements were rejected for further statistical analysis. Another group of elements (Li, Be, Sc, Co, Ga, Y, Sn, Sb, La, Tl, Th) was removed from the data set because concentrations were close to the limits of detection for many samples. Therefore, the remaining elements (Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Ti, V, Mn, Zn, As, Rb, Sr, Mo, Ba) together with ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr isotope abundance ratio were considered for principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Finally, LDA was able to classify correctly 100% of cider samples coming from different Spanish regions, France, England and Switzerland when considering Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Ti, V, Mn, Zn, As, Rb, Sr, Mo, Ba and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr isotope abundance ratio as original variables.