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The ultracold polar molecules with the tunable dipole-dipole interaction, not only would enable explorations of a large class of exotic many-body physics phenomena, but also could be used for quantum information processing. In the present paper we demonstrate that this dipole-dipole interaction can generate the degenerate chiral quantum states acting as a qubit robust against noise when the ultracold polar molecules are confined by a triangular lattice. Moreover, we also find two first-order quantum phase transitions by controlling an external driving field. One is the transition with the change of the different degenerate chiral quantum states. The other is the transition with the breaking of the degenerate quantum chiral states to the nondegenerate state. In experiment, these first-order quantum phase transitions can be detected by measuring the collective molecular population. 相似文献
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The ultracold polar molecules with the tunable dipole-dipole interaction, not only would enable explorations of a large class of exotic many-body physics phenomena, but also could be used for quantum information processing. In the present paper we demonstrate that this dipole-dipole interaction can generate the degenerate chiral quantum states acting as a qubit robust against noise when the ultracold polar molecules are confined by a triangular lattice. Moreover, we also find two first-order quantum phase transitions by controlling an external driving field. One is the transition with the change of the different degenerate chiral quantum states. The other is the transition with the breaking of the degenerate quantum chiral states to the nondegenerate state. In experiment, these first-order quantum phase transitions can be detected by measuring the collective molecular population. 相似文献
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We explore how atoms and polar molecules can be manipulated using
evanescent-wave mirrors (EWM). We review the simpler case
of ultracold atoms incident on EWM, and show that quantum effects
such as tunneling, above barrier reflection, and Casimir retardation
corrections, can be probed. We show that it is possible to
enhance significantly quantum effects by engineering
sharp features in the effective atom-EWM potential.
We illustrate the concept with a bichromatic EWM created
by using red and blue detuned lasers. Finally, we extend the
treatment to ultracold diatomic polar molecules. Quantum
reflection and molecular state selection are
demonstrated under attainable physical conditions. By facilitating the
manipulation and trapping of ultracold molecules, such molecular
mirrors could have several applications, e.g., as devices to filter
and select state for ultracold chemistry, or to manipulate states for
quantum information processing. 相似文献
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Winkler K Lang F Thalhammer G Straten Pv Grimm R Denschlag JH 《Physical review letters》2007,98(4):043201
Using the technique of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) we have coherently transferred ultracold (87)Rb(2) Feshbach molecules into a more deeply bound vibrational quantum level. Our measurements indicate a high transfer efficiency of up to 87%. Because the molecules are held in an optical lattice with not more than a single molecule per lattice site, inelastic collisions between the molecules are suppressed and we observe long molecular lifetimes of about 1 s. Using STIRAP we have created quantum superpositions of the two molecular states and tested their coherence interferometrically. These results represent an important step towards Bose-Einstein condensation of molecules in the vibrational ground state. 相似文献
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J. Deiglmayr M. Repp O. Dulieu R. Wester M. Weidemüller 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2011,65(1-2):99-104
We investigate the rovibrational population redistribution of polar molecules in the electronic ground state induced by spontaneous emission and blackbody radiation. As a model system we use optically trapped LiCs molecules formed by photoassociation in an ultracold two-species gas. The population dynamics of vibrational and rotational states is modeled using an ab initio electric dipole moment function and experimental potential energy curves. Comparison with the evolution of the v″ = 3 electronic ground state yields good qualitative agreement. The analysis provides important input to assess applications of ultracold LiCs molecules in quantum simulation and ultracold chemistry. 相似文献
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超冷分子的理论和实验研究近年来取得了令人瞩目的巨大成就,极大地拓展了原子分子光物理的研究范畴。围绕超冷分子的制备与应用开创了很多全新的研究领域,如超高分辨分子光谱、分子量子态操控、精密测量以及量子模拟等。当前超冷分子的高效密集制备主要采用基于激光冷却的超冷原子缔合技术来实现。文章综述了超冷分子缔合制备的研究现状,阐述了光缔合、Feshbach共振缔合、受激拉曼绝热跃迁以及超短脉冲光缔合产生超冷分子的物理机制与实验进展,对外场操控超冷分子的实验结果及其潜在应用做了概要展示。 相似文献
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通过激光冷却技术在磁光阱中俘获原子数约107,温度约200 μK,直径约400 μm的超冷铯原子,利用超冷铯原子光缔合方法制备了激发态的超冷铯分子。实验研究了光缔合光不同扫描速率对铯分子振转光谱分辨率的影响,发现光缔合光扫描速率较慢时,铯分子振转光谱分辨率较高。通过高灵敏的雪崩光电探测器探测冷原子荧光,获得了超冷铯分子第一激发态6S1/2+6P3/2离解限0-g长程态高分辨振转光谱。为了实现受控拉曼光缔合制备超冷基态分子,光缔合激光频率需要锁定在原子-分子共振跃迁线,对超冷原子光缔合光谱进行了超低频波长调制,通过改变调制幅度和调制频率获得最优化的一阶微分信号,将该信号反馈回激光器,实现闭合环路稳频,满足了受控拉曼光缔合制备振转能级可控的基态分子的实验要求,该工作对研究受限空间中的超冷原子分子具有很重要的意义。 相似文献
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目前对超冷原子的研究已经从最初的原子分子物理扩展到了物理的很多分支.极性分子可以将电偶极相互作用引入到超冷体系,同时分子又与原子类似,可以灵活地被光和其他电磁场操控,因而很多理论工作都预言了超冷极性分子在超冷化学、量子模拟和量子信息等领域会有重要的应用.但由于超冷基态分子的制备非常困难,如何把超冷物理从原子发展到分子还是一个方兴未艾的课题.过去的10年间,各种分子冷却技术都取得了很大突破,本文回顾了这些进展,并着重介绍了基于异核冷原子的磁缔合结合受激拉曼转移这一技术,该技术在制备高密度的基态碱金属超冷极性分子上取得了较大的成功.本文也总结了超冷极性碱金属分子基本碰撞特性研究的一些实验结果. 相似文献
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基于最近实验工作的结果(2010 Nat.Phys.6 265)即Danzl等在五能级M型级联系统中分别利用连续型和四光子型受激拉曼绝热通道(stimulated Raman adiabatic passage,STIRAP)实现了将Feshbach态上弱束缚的Cs2有效转移到其振转基态,本文理论研究了两种STIRAP方案实施的基本条件,解析推导系统的准暗态、绝热参数的具体形式并分析其存在的必要性,详细讨论布居转移效率对相关参量的依赖关系.通过比较激光脉冲的时序、中间能级的失谐量和自发辐射率、光场脉冲的幅值等诸多参量的不同影响,讨论方案各自的优缺点,找到了参量优化的方法以实现最高效的粒子布居数转移.与前人的实验结果相比,本文研究表明,实验观测值(约0.60)均低于理论预估最佳值(约0.97)的主要原因是受限于激发态能级的自发辐射率过大.该理论方案还可用于制备量子纠缠态,在量子逻辑门操控、量子信息传输等领域都有潜在的应用. 相似文献
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The effects of quantum interference in inter-conversion between cold atoms and diatomic molecules are analysed in this study. Within the framework of Fano’s theory, continuum-bound anisotropic dressed state formalism of atom–molecule quantum dynamics is presented. This formalism is applicable in photo- and magneto-associative strong-coupling regimes. The significance of Fano effect in ultracold atom–molecule transitions is discussed. Quantum effects at low-energy atom–molecule interface are important for exploring coherent phenomena in hitherto unexplored parameter regimes. 相似文献
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分子光学及其应用前景 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着原子光学的快速发展,一门新兴的有关研究中性分子与电场、磁场和光场等物质相互作用及其冷却、囚禁、操控与应用的学科——“分子光学”正在逐步形成.文章首先就分子光学的学术内涵及其研究内容作一简单类比与讨论;其次,就冷分子束的产生与超冷分子样品的实验制备、超冷分子物理与光谱学、非线性与量子分子光学的研究及其最新进展进行简要综述.最后,就分子光学的应用前景进行了展望. 相似文献
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Chin C Kraemer T Mark M Herbig J Waldburger P Nägerl HC Grimm R 《Physical review letters》2005,94(12):123201
We observe magnetically tuned collision resonances for ultracold Cs2 molecules stored in a CO2-laser trap. By magnetically levitating the molecules against gravity, we precisely measure their magnetic moment. We find an avoided level crossing which allows us to transfer the molecules into another state. In the new state, two Feshbach-like collision resonances show up as strong inelastic loss features. We interpret these resonances as being induced by Cs4 bound states near the molecular scattering continuum. The tunability of the interactions between molecules opens up novel applications such as controlled chemical reactions and synthesis of ultracold complex molecules. 相似文献
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Bendkowsky V Butscher B Nipper J Balewski JB Shaffer JP Löw R Pfau T Li W Stanojevic J Pohl T Rost JM 《Physical review letters》2010,105(16):163201
In a combined experimental and theoretical effort we report on two novel types of ultracold long-range Rydberg molecules. First, we demonstrate the creation of triatomic molecules of one Rydberg atom and two ground-state atoms in a single-step photoassociation. Second, we assign a series of excited dimer states that are bound by a so far unexplored mechanism based on internal quantum reflection at a steep potential drop. The properties of the Rydberg molecules identified in this work qualify them as prototypes for a new type of chemistry at ultracold temperatures. 相似文献
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We investigate the quantum dynamics of ultracold Rydberg atoms being exposed to a magnetic quadrupole field. A Hamiltonian describing the coupled dynamics of the electronic and center of mass motion is derived. Employing an adiabatic approach, the potential energy surfaces for intra-n-manifold mixing are computed. By determining the quantum states of the center of mass motion, we demonstrate that trapped states can be achieved if the total angular momentum of the atom is sufficiently large. This holds even if the extension of the electronic Rydberg state becomes equal to or even exceeds that of the ultracold center of mass motion. 相似文献
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用量子统计方法,讨论了原子相干对超冷两态原子经光缔合形成超冷分子的影响.结果表明,在原子相干的作用下,光缔合形成的分子数随时间做近周期减幅振荡.原子相干对光缔合过程的暂态阶段影响强烈,而分子始终保持sub-Poisson统计分布. 相似文献