一维分子链中激子与声子的相互作用和呼吸子解

运用连续极限近似，求解声子与激子相互作用的运动方程，得到了简谐分子链和 非简谐分子链中晶格振动的孤子解，在考虑三次非简谐势的情况下，一维分子链晶格振动具 有扭结孤子解，在考虑具有四次非简谐势的情况下，得到一维分子链晶格振动具有呼吸子解 . 关键词： 一维分子链 激子 声子 孤子 呼吸子 非线性效应     

双原子分子非谐振转波函数和能级

从双原子分子简谐势近似波函数出发,运用微扰理论计算出了双原子分子在非谐振转相互作用下的一级、二级近似能级和一级近似波函数.     

施主中心量子点能谱分析

在有效质量近似下，使用数值矩阵对角化的方法，得到了高斯束缚势下施主中心量子点的能谱，并与简谐势相比较.结果显示施主中心量子点基态及低激发态的性质主要取决于量子点的尺寸、束缚势的强度及形状. 关键词： 施主中心量子点 高斯势阱 能谱     

基于离散裂缝模型的低渗透油藏开发数值模拟

基于低渗透油藏的人工压裂开采的离散裂缝模型,考虑基质岩块中非达西渗流模式,对此类油藏的注水开发进行数值模拟研究.首先对裂缝进行降维处理,建立相应的数学模型;考虑裂缝的复杂几何形状,基于非结构化网格应用控制体积有限差分法进行数值求解,通过数例验证方法的正确性;给出两个注水开发数值算例,分析不同非达西渗流模式对开发效果的影响.     

一般阻尼随机微分方程的拟局部振荡算法

提出了一种模拟随机微分方程的拟局部振荡算法,即利用算符劈裂方法和势函数的泰勒展开,对噪声作用下耗散粒子的时间演化算符进行分解,得到了对应涨落行为的扩散算符和对应确定轨迹的漂移算符.其中局部简谐势场的涨落过程可获得解析解,而剩余的确定项则利用简单的Euler算法积分.应用到几个算例并与常用的两种算法相比较,结果表明:本算法随时间步长最稳定,可使用较大的时间步长.     

基于焦平面归一化响应特性的红外非均匀性校正

红外焦平面阵列的非均匀性噪音是制约红外成像质量的主要因素,非均匀性校正是红外焦平面器件应用的一个关键技术.本文提出了一种基于焦平面归一化响应特性且易于实现的非均匀性校正算法,并基于像元分布的卡方直方图提出一种新的图像非均匀性评估方法,即校正比例.该方法的校正输出考虑了每个像元的观测值与焦平面的响应信号的平均值,校正参量通过将像元的输出与其理想校正结果之间的偏差用焦平面响应的平均值建立联系而计算得到.提出的校正比例兼顾考虑了焦平面响应的时间与空间特性,比现有的图像非均匀性评估方法更能合理衡量焦平面的非均匀性程度.多种非均匀性校正的评价数据以及实验结果表明,该算法的校正效果优于两点校正法与原值拟合二阶校正法,并对于响应异常的像元具有较强的校正能力.此外其校正准确度高,所需参量少,易于实时处理,具有较强的实用价值.     

基于分数阶环境热浴的非各态历经判据研究

本文从分数阶谱形式的气固耦合模型出发, 理论推导出具有幂律记忆核的广义朗之万方程. 研究气体分子在自由场和简谐势场中的动力学演化和长时渐进行为, 着重分析三种各态历经判据: Khinchin判据、Lee判据以及内在判据和外在表现的适用性. 研究结果表明: Khinchin判据适用于广义朗之万方程描述的所有扩散和输运过程; Lee判据并不适用于布朗运动, 只能用来区分不同类型的扩散过程; 而内在判据和外在表现不仅能够把非各态历经分为两类, 同时可以揭示非各态历经的物理内在根源.     

国产非制冷红外探测器新型场景校正方法

现有国产非制冷红外探测器多采用挡板校正进行非均匀性校正，影响了红外探测器的观测效果与目标搜跟。为了拓展红外探测器的应用方向与领域，提出了一种国产非制冷红外探测器新型场景校正方法，通过改进的神经网络场景校正方法去除高频非均匀性，再通过时空联合的低频滤波去除低频非均匀性。应用该方法的某国产非制冷红外机芯，工作1 h后图像非均匀性为0.5%。该方法具有良好的校正效果，并且能够有效地抑制“鬼影”现象，有利于减少红外成像系统的体积与功耗，有利于国产非制冷红外探测器在航天、航空、武器装备等多领域的应用。     

基于焦平面归一化响应特性的红外非均匀性校正

红外焦平面阵列的非均匀性噪音是制约红外成像质量的主要因素,非均匀性校正是红外焦平面器件应用的一个关键技术.本文提出了一种基于焦平面归一化响应特性且易于实现的非均匀性校正算法,并基于像元分布的卡方直方图提出一种新的图像非均匀性评估方法,即校正比例.该方法的校正输出考虑了每个像元的观测值与焦平面的响应信号的平均值,校正参量...     

应用防护线抑制非平行微带线间串扰的研究

针对非平行微带线间的串扰问题,研究了防护线对抑制非平行微带线间串扰的效果,提出了根据非平行微带线间边缘场的主要耦合区域应用防护线的方法;理论分析与仿真结果表明,与铺设同干扰线等长的防护线相比,采用在非平行微带线间边缘场的主要耦合区域使用防护线的方法可以在起到同等抑制串扰效果的情况下,节约一部分防护线及其相应的接地过孔;该方法提高了应用防护线的效率,有助于预留出更多的可用布线空间,同时也有利于降低印制电路板生产成本。     

Influence of contact potential difference and electric potential on the microhardness of metals

The effect of the electric potential on the microhardness of aluminum, zirconium, and ferrosilicon was studied experimentally. The effect of the proper electric potential applied to a sample is compared with the effect of the potential induced by the contact potential difference upon contact with metals with a different electron work function. These two types of electrical action are revealed to be qualitatively equivalent to each other. It is established that these effects can markedly (up to 15%) change the microhardness of the metals.     

Effect of Coulomb interaction on chemical potential of metal film

The chemical potential of a metal film within the jellium model taking into account the Coulomb interaction between electrons is calculated. The surface potential is modelled as the infinite rectangular potential well. The behaviour of the chemical potential as a function of the film thickness is studied, the quantum size effect for this quantity is analysed. It is shown that taking into account the Coulomb interaction leads to a significant decrease of the chemical potential and to an enhancement of the quantum size effect.     

On the influence of the electrical potential on the creep rate of aluminum

The influence of the electrical potential on the creep rate of aluminum is studied experimentally. The effect of the electrical potential applied to the sample is compared with the effect of the potential induced by the contact potential difference upon contact with seven different metals characterized by different work functions. It is revealed that these two types of electrical effects are qualitative equivalent to each other.     

Information (no-energy) waves described by global potentials

The case where the magnetic flux inside an electronic loop varies with time is considered for an experiment in which the Aharonov-Bohm effect is observed. The electromagnetic field and potentials of a solenoid with an alternating current are studied. It is shown that the vector potential outside the solenoid contains a term corresponding to a zero electromagnetic field at the same point of space. This part of the potential (global potential) describes standing waves whose properties differ from those of ordinary electromagnetic waves and which can be conventionally called information potential waves. A method of detecting information waves is proposed involving an effect similar to the Aharonov-Bohm effect (quasi-Aharonov-Bohm effect). Unlike ordinary electromagnetic waves, these information waves are not involved in any energy interactions but they can carry information.     

格点核子-核子势在核物质中的相对论效应(英文)

利用最新的格点核子-核子势研究了核物质中的相对论效应。通过此格点核子-核子势场,首先我们构建一个包括π介子,σ介子以及ω介子的单玻色子交换势。势场中的介子-核子耦合常数以及截断动量通过拟合格点核力得到的核子-核子散射相移确定。随后采用非常成功的第一性原理多体计算方法Brueckner-Hartree-Fock模型,计算了核物质的基本性质。发现对称核物质的状态方程以及饱和性质在非相对论框架和相对论框架中有很明显的区别。在格点核力中,该相对论效应对核物质的结合能提供吸引的贡献。这与采用传统的核力计算得到的结果是相反的。The relativistic effect in nuclear matter is investigated with the latest lattice nucleon-nucleon (NN) potential. A one-boson-exchange potential (OBEP) including three mesons, pion, σ meson and ω meson was constructed based on the lattice NN potential. The meson-nucleon coupling constants and cutoff momentums are determined by fitting the phase shifts of NN scattering from lattice NN potential. The properties of nuclear matter with this OBEP from lattice potential are calculated by one very successful ab initio many-body method, Brueckner-Hartree-Fock model. The equations of state and saturation properties of symmetric nuclear matter present very obvious different behaviors in non-relativistic and relativistic frameworks. The relativistic effect plays attractive contributions with the components of S and D waves in lattice NN potential, which is opposite comparing to the relativistic effect from the conventional NN potential.     

层间作用和线度对球状纳米系统电子能量的影响

建立了考虑层间作用情况下两层球状纳米系统的物理模型,应用格林函数法和傅里叶展开,求出系统电子的势能.以HgS/CdS球状纳米系统为例,讨论了系统线度和层间作用对电子能量的影响.结果表明：层间作用会使电子势垒平均高度比不考虑时有所降低;层间作用愈大,电子势垒高度降低得愈多,电子势能曲线起伏就愈大.层间作用相同时,电子基态能以及层间作用引起的能量修正均随粒子线度增大而减小;而粒子线度相同时,层间作用引起的能量修正却随层间作用的增大而增大. 关键词： 层间作用 线度 HgS/CdS球状纳米系统 电子能量     

Electron transport in graphene nanoribbons under a central potential modulation

We study electron transport in graphene nanoribbons (GNs) under a one-dimensional central potential. Two kinds of structures are considered: armchair-edged GN (AGN) where a central potential is applied on the central dimer chain, and zigzag-edged GN (ZGN) where a potential is applied on the central zigzag chain. Both nanoribbons show unique electronic structure and interesting transport properties under potential modulation. Without considering edge effect, a metallic AGN is still metallic after potential modulation. However, if the edge effect is considered, an AGN under potential modulation can be either semiconducting or metallic depending on the potential strength. The AGN transits from semiconducting to metallic and then to semiconducting again with the potential increase. As to ZGN, the potential on the central zigzag chain also greatly affect the quantum conductance. A ZGN will transit from metallic to semiconducting as the potential strength exceeds critical value. All transitions of AGN and ZGN are correlated with the localized state on the central potential chain which induces a quantum channel along the chain.     

Spatiotemporal dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates in moving optical lattices

Spatiotemporal dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates in moving optical lattices have been studied. For a weak lattice potential, the perturbed correction to the heteroclinic orbit in a repulsive system is constructed. We find the boundedness conditions of the perturbed correction contain the Melnikov chaotic criterion predicting the onset of Smale-horseshoe chaos. The effect of the chemical potential on the spatiotemporal dynamics is numerically investigated. It is revealed that the variance of the chemical potential can lead the systems into chaos. Regulating the intensity of the lattice potential can efficiently suppress the chaos resulting from the variance of the chemical potential. And then the effect of the phenomenological dissipation is considered. Numerical calculation reveals that the chaos in the dissipative system can be suppressed by adjusting the chemical potential and the intensity of the lattice potential.     

Analytical analysis of surface potential for grooved-gate MOSFET

The improvement of the characteristics of grooved-gate MOSFETs compared to the planar devices is attributed to the corner effect of the surface potential along the channel. In this paper we propose an analytical model of the surface potential distribution based on the solution of two-dimensional Poisson equation in cylindrical coordinates utilizing the cylinder approximation and the structure parameters such as the concave corner $\theta _0 $. The relationship between the minimum surface potential and the structure parameters is theoretically analysed. Results confirm that the bigger the concave corner, the more obvious the corner effect. The corner effect increases the threshold voltage of the grooved-gate MOSFETs, so the better is the short channel effect (SCE) immunity.