不依赖激发光偏振方向的芯帽异构二聚体

各向异性贵金属纳米结构所特有的表面增强电场和近红外性能在纳米光电和生医传感等领域具有重要的应用,但是其最佳光学性能的激发受限于结构姿态与光电场偏振方向的匹配.本文基于芯帽颗粒特有的两个表面等离子体共振模式,提出引入补偿结构,利用二聚体结构间的局部表面等离子体共振耦合作用补偿电场偏转时缺失的近红外性能,实现解除对激发光偏振方向的依赖关系.基于有限元法数值求解了光与三维复杂异构二聚体作用后的电磁场分布,分析了芯帽-芯壳异构二聚体间的作用模式,从理论上明确了补偿结构去除偏振依赖的机理.补偿后,芯帽异构二聚体可在任意姿态下产生稳定的近红外高吸收性能,在传感、成像、药物释放与光热疗法中具有广泛的应用潜力.     

Ag-Al纳米球二聚体的光学性质研究

金属纳米材料因其表面等离子体共振特性而备受关注。异质结构的金属纳米材料的光学特性相比于同质结构因其材料的不同破坏了原有结构的对称性,对称性的破坏将引起光学性质的改变,相邻两个颗粒之间的相互作用会产生Fano共振。Fano共振是由异质纳米结构的表面等离子体共振耦合引起的,通过合理地调控表面等离子体共振的耦合,将进一步调控Fano共振的强度同时促使异质结构的电场增强特性和辐射特性得到进一步优化。受金银等贵金属的带间跃迁影响,金属铝纳米材料成为研究紫外-近紫外光区的表面等离子体共振研究最佳选择。采用有限时域差分方法研究了Ag-Al纳米球二聚体的光学特性。研究了Ag和Al纳米球组成的二聚体的吸收光谱与入射光偏振方向、纳米球半径、颗粒间距和介质折射率等几何结构及物理参数的关系,并深入讨论了二聚体的局域场分布规律;讨论了获取更高效的Fano共振光谱的方法。由于材料的对称性被破坏,异质二聚体的光学性质与同质二聚体明显不同,Ag-Al异质纳米球二聚体呈现出在紫外和可见光区的双Fano共振现象。Ag-Al二聚体表面等离子体互相耦合引起Fano共振从而导致表面等离子体的共振抑制和增强。研究结果对在紫外-可见光区的表面等离子体应用、纳米光学器件的设计与开发及基于表面等离子体共振的表面增强光谱、生物传感和检测研究等有一定参考价值。     

金属纳米颗粒的局域表面等离子体共振与面形状关系研究

采用三维时域有限差分法,数值研究了等高、等体积下不同形状金属纳米颗粒的局域表面等离子体的共振性质及其规律,得到了面形状因子对共振波长的影响关系。研究表明,沿偏振方向的形状变化对共振波长偏移有重要贡献,在空气中,确定金属纳米结构局域表面等离子体共振波长的形状参数L可采用偏振方向上的纵横比和面形状因子描述,L可以拟合为纵横比和面形状因子乘积的线性函数。得到了等高、等体积下不同形状金属纳米颗粒的局域表面等离子体共振的电场能量和共振波长的关系,面形状因子越小,形状越尖锐,电场能量越高,共振波长红移。研究结果为进一步了解金属纳米颗粒的局域表面等离子体共振性质提供有益的参考。     

偏振方向及结构间耦合作用对空心方形银纳米结构表面等离子体共振的影响

空心方形纳米结构能够激发更大面积的增强电场,故其可以作为衬底用于表面增强拉曼散射.应用离散偶极子近似算法研究了空心方形银纳米结构的消光光谱及其近场电场分布与入射光偏振方向之间的关系.研究表明,空心方形银纳米结构的表面等离子体共振峰不随入射光偏振方向的改变而移动,但是其表面增强电场分布却强烈地依赖于入射光的偏振方向.另外,还讨论了空心方形银纳米结构间的耦合作用对其表面等离子体共振模式的影响.结果发现,可以通过调节结构间的距离来改变结构间的耦合作用,同时改变了表面等离子体共振峰的位置.这些结果将为理解闭合纳米 关键词： 空心方形银纳米结构 表面等离子体 偏振 电场耦合     

金属粒子阵列共振的偏振特性

当金属纳米粒子形成规则分布且阵列周期与单粒子的共振波长近似匹配时, 会形成一种特殊的阵列共振, 这种共振比单粒子的局域表面等离子体共振具有更窄的共振线宽和更高的共振强度. 基于修正的长波近似方法, 讨论了矩形阵列的消光截面与阵列因子和单粒子的极化率之间的关系; 并详细研究了在不同偏振的入射光照射下, 阵列因子随着电偶极子方向的改变而产生的变化, 以及这一效应对阵列共振和消光截面所产生的影响. 结果表明, 大型的方阵是偏振无关的; 在矩形阵列中, 沿着阵列两个轴向的相邻粒子之间的耦合形成了阵列因子的两个极值, 并且分别对应了散射截面的最小值.     

基于Ag纳米棒阵列的表面等离激元微型偏振器

采用静电近似理论计算了Ag纳米棒阵列在不同偏振光入射下的消光光谱。当入射光偏振方向平行于纳米棒长轴时会激发表面等离激元纵向振动模式,而当入射光偏振方向垂直于纳米棒长轴时会激发表面等离激元横向振动模式。基于两种模式共振波长的不同,采用Ag纳米棒阵列可以用来设计高性能的表面等离激元微型偏振器。Ag纳米棒阵列的偏振性能在纵向共振波长明显优于在横向共振波长,通过调节纳米棒的纵横比可以对纵向模式的共振峰位进行大范围调控。结果表明这种微型偏振器所适用的波长能够通过纳米棒的纵横比在可见到近红外波段范围内调控,而消光比和插入损耗能够通过纳米棒的直径和长度实现调控。     

金属光栅表面增强拉曼散射的偏振依赖性研究

表面增强拉曼散射的机理主要来源于金属表面等离子体共振所产生的电磁场增强,因而基底的电磁特性决定了其增强的性能。本文以干涉光刻方法制作的大面积均匀性一维纳米光栅为增强基底,从实验和理论上探究其表面增强拉曼散射的偏振依赖特性。本文使用苯硫酚作为探针分子,并采用633nm和785nm两种波长作为激发光源,开展了等离子体共振与非共振状态下金属光栅表面增强拉曼光谱的偏振依赖特性实验研究,并通过时域有限差分法对光栅电磁特性进行分析。研究发现,光栅表面的电场无论是否激发表面等离子体共振,其电场随入射光偏振方向都会呈现出sin函数的规律性变化,拉曼光谱的峰值强度则呈sin2函数的变化规律;此外,表面等离子体共振会进一步加大拉曼光谱的偏振依赖性。     

金属导线偶合THz表面等离子体波

利用THz时域光谱技术,研究了具有不同排列参数的金属导线阵列的透射特性,分析了金属导线半径,排列间隔以及入射电场的偏振方向对表面等离子体波产生和传播的影响.在具有等间隔缝隙的金属导线中,当电场偏振方向垂直金属导线时,透射信号受等离子模式和谐振腔模式的共振效应的影响;而当电场偏振平行金属导线时,只存在谐振腔模式的共振. 关键词： THz 时域光谱 铜导线 表面等离子体     

反射型光变色超表面滤光结构

提出了一种反射型超表面滤光结构,该滤光结构由基底、低折射率纳米光栅、Ag光栅、SiNx高折射率介质层组成.理论模拟结果表明:45°入射角下,在垂直于光栅栅线的入射平面内,反射谱峰值出现在475 nm波长处;在平行于光栅栅线的入射平面内,反射谱峰值出现在550 nm波长处.其电场分布特性表明,在不同的平面内TE偏振入射光激发的导模共振区域不同,TM偏振下激发的导膜共振强度与表面等离子体共振强度不同,导致该结构在垂直于光栅栅线方向与平行于光栅栅线方向的两个平面内表现出两种截然不同的颜色.基于此制备的超表面结构样品不但光变色效果明显,且易于与纳米压印工艺相结合实现大幅面光变色结构制备,在防伪和图案信息编码等领域有广阔的应用前景.     

金-银纳米棒异质二聚体的Fano共振及其传感性质研究

本文我们通过有限时域差分法模拟研究了金-银纳米棒异质二聚体的光学等离子体耦合。在消光谱中,发现较短的银纳米棒产生的偶极明模式和较长的金纳米棒产生的四极暗模式产生了干涉相消耦合,从而出现了Fano共振。通过改变金属纳米棒的长度、距离和周围环境可以调控Fano共振的共振波长和强度。金-银纳米棒异质二聚体对周围环境变化具有较高的灵敏度,其品质因数大于8.5。由于金银异质体有比较好的抗腐蚀性和比较低的生物毒性,这使得它有望成为新一代基于表面等离子体Fano共振的生物传感器和分子探测器。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.