共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
环糊精包结作用下水溶液共聚合制备疏水改性阳离子聚丙烯酰胺及其絮凝效果研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在水溶液中制备了甲基环糊精(Me-β-CD)/疏水单体2-苯氧乙基丙烯酸酯(POEA)的包结物(1a)。利用紫外-可见光谱及核磁共振波谱等检测手段研究了Me-β-CD与POEA的包合作用,并对包合物的结构、性能进行了表征和分析。同时在水溶液中引发丙烯酰胺(AM)、阳离子单体丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DAC)以及1a的均相共聚合得到疏水修饰的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺P(AM-DAC-POEA),实现了用绿色方法合成高效高分子絮凝剂的目的,并对该高分子对高岭土模拟污水的絮凝效果进行了考察。 相似文献
2.
3.
以聚乙二醇(PEG)水溶液为分散剂,过硫酸铵(KPS)为引发剂,采用双水相聚合法,用新型阳离子单体丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DAC)与丙烯酰胺(AM)共聚,制备了一系列新型阳离子聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)类絮凝剂,讨论了单体含量对聚合物相对分子质量、转化率和阳离子度的影响。 并对黄河水做了絮凝实验,讨论了CPAM投加量、pH值、搅拌速率、搅拌时间及静置时间对絮凝效果的影响。 所得CPAM的阳离子度随DAC含量增加而增大,CPAM的平均相对分子质量和转化率随DAC含量增加略有下降。 当CPAM投加量为0.3 mg/L,pH=6,以100 r/min搅拌15 min后,再静置10 min,絮凝效果最好,去除率达到92%。 相似文献
4.
反相乳液共聚合制备两性丙烯酰胺共聚物的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用Span80-Tween80复合乳化剂和AIBA引发剂,进行丙烯酸钠(NaAA)/丙烯酰胺(AM)/丙烯酰氧基乙基三甲基氯化铵(DAC)反相乳液共聚合.研究了聚合温度、引发剂用量、单体浓度、共聚单体中DAC和AM含量、乳化剂用量及其HLB值、水/油比和水相pH值等聚合反应工艺条件或参数对聚合反应单体转化率和聚合物特性粘度的影响,聚合物特性粘度随引发剂用量和单体浓度的增大而增大的实验结果证实了该两性丙烯酰胺共聚物反相乳液制备过程中凝胶效应的存在.傅立叶红外光谱组成分析表明了两性丙烯酰胺共聚物的成功合成,扫描电镜观测乳胶粒粒径范围在0.6~8.0μm. 相似文献
5.
首先研究了高分子阳离子乳化剂的合成,其中以苯乙烯(St)和丙烯酰胺(AM)为主单体,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为相转移乳化助剂,环氧氯丙烷(ECH)、三甲胺为季铵化试剂。最终确定当CTAB用量为1g,AM用量为5g,ECH用量为5.2g时,所得到的乳化剂的乳化性能最优良。对不同功能性单体对阳离子乳液涂膜吸水率与粒径的影响做了研究,结果表明:当加入交联体系双丙酮丙烯酰胺-己二酰肼基丙烯酸酯(DAAM-ADH)为1.0g时,吸水率达到最低值5.39%。最后通过加入三氧化二铝分散液制得核壳结构乳液,结果表明:当加入三氧化二铝分散液20g时,所得到的乳液包裹性能最好,乳液较稳定。 相似文献
6.
AM-DMDAAC共聚物的合成 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
研究了丙烯酰胺(AM)与阳离子单体二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)的水溶液聚合,考察了引发剂用量、单体总浓度,pH值,n(AM):n(DMDAAC)对聚合物阳离子度和特性粘度的影响。并对产物进行了IR和热分析。 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
以硝酸铈铵为引发剂,合成阳离子淀粉(CS)-壳聚糖(CTS)-丙烯酰胺(AM)接枝共聚物,讨论了反应温度、引发剂浓度、单体用量、反应时间以及壳聚糖用量对接枝共聚反应的影响。结果表明:淀粉中葡萄糖环浓度(cAGU)为0.20 mol/L,mCTS/mCS=1/6,cAM=1.0mol/L,cCe4 =5 mmol/L,反应温度60℃,反应时间3 h时,转化率和接枝效率可分别达到88%和92%以上;转化率随mCTS/mCS增大而增大,接枝效率则随着CTS用量增大降低,CTS的存在使AM均聚的几率增大。 相似文献
10.
11.
Jose Ramos lvaro Costoyas Jacqueline Forcada 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2006,44(15):4461-4478
An in‐depth study on the kinetics of the cationic emulsion polymerization of styrene in a batch reactor is presented. This study is focused on the effect of the amount of the cationic surfactant dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB), using two different cationic initiators: 2,2′‐azobisisobutyramidine dihydrochloride (AIBA), 2,2′‐azobis (N,N′‐dimethyleneisobutyramidine) dihydrochloride (ADIBA), on kinetics and colloidal features such as conversion, number of particles, number average of radicals per particle, mean particle diameter, and particle size distribution (PSD) of the polystyrene latices obtained by emulsion polymerization in a batch reactor. Furthermore, the results of the cationic emulsion polymerization were compared with its homologous anionic case. Using DTAB as cationic surfactant an expected increase in the total rate of polymerization was observed when the DTAB concentration increased. However, the total number of particles increased much more than in the anionic system. On the other hand, a dependence on the particle size of the rate of polymerization per particle together with the average number of radicals per particle was found. These differences between cationic and anionic emulsion polymerizations were explained taking into account the limited particle coagulation observed with cationic surfactants, and the high rate of radical formation of cationic initiators. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 4461–4478, 2006 相似文献
12.
Jose Ramos Jacqueline Forcada 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2003,41(15):2322-2334
The objective of this work was to analyze the effects of the concentration and type of cationic surfactant on the kinetic features (instantaneous and overall conversions) and colloidal characteristics [mean particle diameter, particle size distribution (PSD), and surface charge density] in the semicontinuous seeded cationic emulsion polymerization of styrene. 2,2′‐Azobis(N,N′‐dimethyleneisobutyramidine)dihydrochloride was used as an initiator. The surfactants were dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTAB). So that the evolution of some polymeric and colloidal characteristics of the synthesized latices could be followed, the overall and instantaneous conversions were defined and determined gravimetrically. The PSDs and average particle diameters were determined by transmission electron microscopy and photon correlation spectroscopy. The surface charge density was determined by conductimetric titration. The evolution of the instantaneous conversions, the total number of particles, and the PSDs of the different reactions were related to the nucleation, growth, and coagulation processes taking place in the semicontinuous seeded emulsion polymerizations. The PSDs obtained from the reactions carried out with the emulsifier DTAB, at a concentration equal to its critical micelle concentration (cmc) and at a concentration twice its cmc, presented more and smaller particles than those obtained by the addition of HDTAB to the polymerization recipe. At lower emulsifier concentrations equal to half of the cmc, the system had lower colloidal stability with DTAB. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 2322–2334, 2003 相似文献
13.
G. Manivannan J. P. Fouassier J. V. Crivello 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1992,30(9):1999-2001
The interaction of iodonium, sulphonium, phosphonium, arsonium, selenonium, and heterocyclic nitrogen salts with the excited triplet state of 2-chlorothioxanthone (CTX) has been studied through time-resolved laser spectroscopy. Bimolecular quenching rate constants (ke) have been measured for the first time. Measuring of the rate constants (kq) of the quenching reaction by monomers permits the calculation of charge transfer (øCT) quantum yields. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
14.
15.
Eiji Takahashi Fumio Sanda Takeshi Endo 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2002,40(8):1037-1046
Novel pyridinium salts [N‐(α‐phenylbenzyl)‐, N‐(1‐naphthylmethyl)‐, or N‐cinnamyl p‐ or o‐cyanopyridinium hexafluoroantimonates] were synthesized by the reaction of p‐ or o‐cyanopyridine and the corresponding bromides followed by anion exchange with KSbF6. These pyridinium salts polymerized epoxy monomers at lower temperatures than previously reported for N‐benzyl‐2‐cyanopyridinium hexafluoroantimonate. The o‐substituted pyridinium salts showed higher activity than the p‐substituted ones, and the crosslinked epoxy polymers cured with these initiators showed higher glass‐transition temperatures. These pyridinium salts photoinitiated radical polymerization as well as cationic polymerization. The photopolymerization was accelerated by the addition of aromatic ketones as photosensitizers. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 1037–1046, 2002 相似文献
16.
Eiji Takahashi Fumio Sanda Takakazu Yamamoto Takeshi Endo 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2003,41(23):3828-3837
Novel N‐methylbenzothiazolium salts [N‐methyl‐2‐benzylthiobenzothiazolium, N‐methyl‐2‐(4‐nitrobenzylthio)benzothiazolium, N‐methyl‐2‐(1‐ethoxycarbonylethylthio)benzothiazolium, and N‐methyl‐2‐methylthiobenzothiazolium hexafluoroantimonates] were synthesized by the reaction of the corresponding 2‐substituted benzothiazole with dimethylsulfate, followed by anion exchange with KSbF6. These benzothiazolium salts cationically polymerized an epoxy monomer by photoirradiation. They also polymerized an acrylate monomer via a photoradical process. The use of aromatic compounds such as 2‐ethyl‐9,10‐dimethoxyanthracene as photosensitizers was effective in enhancing the polymerization. These benzothiazolium salts also served as thermal cationic initiators. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 3828–3837, 2003 相似文献
17.
M. A. Maslov E. V. Syicheva N. G. Morozova G. A. Serebrennikova 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》2000,49(3):385-401
The synthesis and biological activity of cationic lipids and cationic amphiphiles of different natures are considered. The
general factors influencing the transfection efficiency are identified and summarized for various classes of compounds.
Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 3, pp. 385–400, March. 2000. 相似文献
18.
本文围绕着乙烯基阳离子聚合这一核心,简要地介绍了近年来在阳离子聚合引发剂方面取得的新进展,包括活性阳离子聚合和普通阳离子聚合引发剂两个部分。 相似文献
19.
20.
Eiji Takahashi Fumio Sanda Takeshi Endo 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2003,41(23):3816-3827
Novel sulfonium salts [methyl‐, 2‐indany‐, or 1‐ethoxycarbonylethyl methyl‐2‐naphthylsulfonium hexafluorophosphate and 2‐indany‐, 1‐ethoxycarbonylethyl‐, 2‐methyl‐2‐phenylpropyl‐, 2‐phenylpropyl‐, 2‐phenylethyl‐, 2‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐ethyl‐, or 3‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐2‐propyl methylphenylsulfonium hexafluorophosphates] were synthesized by the reaction of dimethylsulfate and the corresponding sulfides followed by anion exchange with KPF6. These sulfonium salts could polymerize epoxy monomers at lower temperatures than previously reported for benzylsulfonium salt initiators. In particular, sulfonium salts with naphthyl groups showed higher photoactivity than already reported for di(4‐tert‐butylphenyl)iodonium and triphenylsulfonium hexafluorophosphates. These sulfonium salts showed higher activity in photoradical polymerization and photocationic polymerization. The photopolymerization was accelerated by the addition of 4‐methoxy‐1‐naphthol, N‐ethylcarbazole, 2,4‐dimethylthioxanthone, phenothiazine, and 2‐ethyl‐9,10‐dimethoxyanthracene as photosensitizers. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 3816–3827, 2003 相似文献