共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 328 毫秒
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将子波分析作为一种新的工具来辨识壁湍流中的相干结构.用子波分析的方法对用热膜测速仅得到的壁湍流流向脉动速度信号在时域空间和频城空间同时进行分解,根据子波系教研究壁湍流脉动动能随尺度的分布,提出确定壁湍流的时间尺度参数的能量最大准则,提取壁湍流相干结构的速度信号波形. 相似文献
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输气管道壁面涂料减阻机理的实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用IFA-300热线风速仪以高于对应最小湍流时间尺度的分辨率精细测量了风洞中不同壁面涂料的管道湍流边界层不同法向位置流向速度分量的时间序列信号,利用湍流边界层近壁区域对数律平均速度剖面与壁面摩擦速度、流体黏性系数等内尺度物理量的关系和壁面摩擦速度与壁面摩擦切应力的关系,在准确测量湍流边界层近壁区域对数律平均速度剖面的基础上,间接测量湍流边界层的壁面摩擦阻力.对不同壁面涂料的壁湍流脉动速度信号用子波分析进行多尺度分解,用子波系数的瞬时强度因子和平坦因子检测管道湍流边界层中的多尺度相干结构,提取不同尺度相干结构的条件相位平均波形,对比研究输气管道壁面涂料的减阻机理. 相似文献
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利用后向接收式激光多普勒测速仪(LDV)对自由湍射流进行了测量,我们对采集到的充分发展的湍流信号先求其1-8阶的结构函数及其标度指数,结果验证了Kolmogorov提出的标度律理论。然后用子波变换将自由湍流脉动速度分解为多尺度湍流结构,研究每一个尺度湍涡速度的结构函数的标度律及其与湍涡速度的自相关函数的关系。 相似文献
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摩擦信号分形维数与载荷和速度的关系研究 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
在立式万能摩擦磨损试验机上对GCr15/45#钢摩擦副进行不同接触载荷和滑动速度下的摩擦磨损试验,对初始滑动距离1 000 m内的摩擦系数信号进行数据采集,运用结构函数测度方法对摩擦系数信号进行分形表征,计算不同载荷和速度下的分形维数,研究摩擦信号的分形维数随载荷和速度的变化规律.结果表明,摩擦系数信号具有显著的分形特征,其分形维数随载荷和速度而变化.在相同载荷下,分形维数随滑动速度增加而增大;在相同速度下,分形维数随着接触载荷增加而增大.磨损率与摩擦系数信号的分形维数正相关. 相似文献
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滑坡分维特征及其预测意义 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文依据分形理论,采用盒维数法计算了西藏樟木地区滑坡及其水系的空间分维。分析了分维的变化特征。发现滑坡高潮期前存在不同幅度的降维现象,滑坡区滑坡活动程度不同,其水系分维在不同观察尺度下变化幅度有显着的差别。探讨了分维的预测意义。 相似文献
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Xiaodong An Mingyan Liu Yunguan Fu 《中国颗粒学报》2007,5(5):305-311
In this paper, the clustering behavior of solid particles in a two-dimensional (2D) liquid-solid fluidized-bed was studied by using the charge coupled devices (CCD) imaging measuring and processing technique and was characterized by fractal analysis. CCD images show that the distribution of solid particles in the 2D liquid-solid fluidised-bed is not uniform and self-organization behavior of solid particles was observed under the present experimental conditions. The solid particles move up in the 2D fluidized-bed in groups or clusters whose configurations are often in the form of horizontal strands. The box fractal dimension of the cluster images in the 2D liquid-solid fluidized-bed increases with the rising of solid holdup and reduces with the increment of solid particle diameter and superficial liquid velocity. At given solid holdup and solid particle size, the lighter particles show smaller fractal dimensions. 相似文献
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Fractional derivative reconstruction of forced oscillators 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fractional derivatives are applied in the reconstruction from a single observable of the dynamics of a Duffing oscillator
and a two-well experiment. The fractional derivatives of time series data are obtained in the frequency domain. The derivative
fraction is evaluated using the average mutual information between the observable and its fractional derivative. The ability
of this reconstruction method to unfold the data is assessed by the method of global false nearest neighbors. The reconstructed
data is used to compute recurrences and fractal dimensions. The reconstruction is compared to the true phase space and the
delay reconstruction in order to assess the reconstruction parameters and the quality of results. 相似文献
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The term fractal was coined by Benoît Mandelbrot to denote an object that is broken or fractured in space or time. Fractals provide appropriate models for many media for some finite range of length scales with lower and upper cutoffs. Fractal geometric structures with cutoffs are called pre-fractals. By fractal media, we mean media with pre-fractal geometric structures. The basis of this study is the recently formulated extension of continuum thermomechanics to such media. The continuum theory is based on dimensional regularization, in which we employ fractional integrals to state global balance laws. The global forms of governing equations are cast in forms involving conventional (integer-order) integrals, while the local forms are expressed through partial differential equations with derivatives of integer order. Using Hamilton??s principle, we derive the equations of motion of a fractal elastic solid under finite strains. Next, we consider one-dimensional models and obtain equations governing nonlinear waves in such a solid. Finally, we study shock fronts in linear viscoelastic solids under small strains. In all the cases, the derived equations for fractal media depend explicitly on fractal dimensions and reduce to conventional forms for continuous media with Euclidean geometries upon setting the dimensions to integers. 相似文献
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Fractures play an important role in reservoir engineering as they dominate the fluid flow in the reservoir. All evidence suggests
that rarely can one model flow and transport in a fractured rock consistently by treating it as a uniform or mildly nonuniform
isotropic continuum. Instead, one must generally account for the highly erratic heterogeneity, directional dependence, dual
or multicomponent nature and multiscale behavior of fractured rocks. As experimental methods are expensive and time consuming
most of the time numerical methods are used to study flow and transport in a fractured rock. In this work, we present results
of the numerical computations for single phase flow simulations through two-dimensional synthetically created fracture apertures.
These synthetic rock fractures are created using different fractal dimensions, anisotropy factors, and mismatch lengths. Lattice
Boltzmann method (LBM), which is a new computational approach suitable to simulate fluid flow especially in complex geometries,
was then used to determine the permeability for different fractures. Regions of high velocity and low velocity flow were identified.
The resulting permeability values were less than the ones obtained with the cubic law estimates. It has been found that as
the mean aperture–fractal dimension ratio increased permeability increased. Moreover as the anisotropy factor increased permeability
decreased. Neural network simulations were used to generalize the results. 相似文献
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地下岩体工程爆破开挖中,距爆源不同距离处岩体承受的地应力和动载荷大小不同,从动载荷的角度表征岩石动态破坏结果与工程实际更吻合。为研究动载荷和地应力大小对岩体破碎和能量耗散特性的影响,利用动静组合加载试验装置,分别设置7个冲击速度和轴向静应力等级,对红砂岩试件进行冲击试验。根据试件的破碎状况,分析不同静应力工况下冲击速度对岩石破坏模式和机理的影响。计算不同工况下的应力波能量值,研究冲击速度和轴向静应力对岩石能耗特性的影响。对破坏试件进行筛分试验,研究岩石破碎分形维数随冲击速度和轴向静应力的变化关系。结果表明,随着冲击速度的增大,试件的破坏程度逐渐加大。无轴压时岩石试件破坏后整体仍是一个圆柱体,属于张拉破坏;有轴压时岩石试件宏观破坏后呈沙漏状,属于拉剪破坏。岩石耗散能随冲击速度的升高呈二次函数关系递增;轴向静应力越高,递增幅度越小。随着冲击速度的升高,岩石分形维数由零逐渐增加;随着轴向静应力的升高,分形维数由零转为大于零的临界冲击速度先升高后降低。 相似文献
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非牛顿流体具有复杂的流变特性,揭示该流变特性可以更加合理地指导非牛顿流体在工农业生产中的应用.经典的非牛顿流体本构模型往往形式复杂,仅能应用于某些特定的情况.分数阶导数模型具有参数少和形式简单的特点,己成功地应用于描述非牛顿流体的运动.Hausdorff分形导数作为一个备选的建模方法,相比分数阶导数具有更简单的形式以及更高的计算效率.本文基于Hausdorff分形导数改进现有牛顿黏性模型,提出分形黏壶模型.通过研究分形黏壶在常应变率下表观黏度的变化情况,以及在加、卸载条件下的蠕变及恢复特性,发现分形黏壶模型适合于描述具有黏弹性的非牛顿流体(本文称之为分形流体).结合连续性方程及运动微分方程,推导出分形流体在平行板间层流的基本方程.按是否拖动上板和是否存在水平的压力梯度分为3种工况,分别用数值方法计算这3种工况下流速在板间的分布及其随时间变化的情况.通过分析不同工况下的流速分布,发现水平的压力梯度会改变流速随时间变化的形状,且会推迟流速到达稳定的时间.在水平压力梯度不存在的情况下,不同阶数的分形流体具有相同的流速分布或是演变过程.另外,在水平压力梯度存在的情况下,上板速度不影响不同阶数分形流体间稳定速度的差值. 相似文献
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The aim of this paper was to determine whether fractal processes underlie the dynamics of self-esteem and physical self. Twice a day for 512 consecutive days, four adults completed a brief inventory measuring six subjective dimensions: global self-esteem, physical self-worth, physical condition, sport competence, attractive body, and physical strength. The obtained series were submitted to spectral analysis, which allowed their classification as fractional Brownian motions. Three fractal analysis methods (Rescaled Range analysis, Dispersional analysis, and Scaled Windowed Variance analysis) were then applied on the series. These analyses yielded convergent results and evidenced long-range correlation in the series. The self-esteem and physical self series appeared as anti-persistent fractional Brownian motions, with a mean Hurst exponent of 0.21. These results reinforce the conception of self-perception as the emergent product of a dynamical system composed of multiple interacting elements. 相似文献