新的价连接性指数与烃标准熵和燃烧热的相关性研究

定义原子特征值βi=(ni-1)mi±hi.由βi建构新的价连接性指数^mX= ∑（βi·βj·βk…）^0.5),其中0阶指数^0X=∑（βi）^0.5,1阶指数^1X=∑（βi·βj）^0.5。并计算了4个系列72个烃分子的^0X 、^1X值。发现^mX与烃的标准熵、标准燃烧热有良好的相关性,相关系数均在0．99以上。并采用Jackknife方法对模型稳健性进行了试验。     

电负性拓扑指数mF及其对无机物理化性质的预测

受Randic分子连接性拓扑指数 mX的启发 ,构建了电负性拓扑指数 mF .用 mF的 0、1阶指数分别与 2 0种碱金属卤化物的晶格能U、生成焓ΔrHm、离子水化能ΔrGθm、5 1种金属离子水合热ΔrHθh 和 80种离子标准生成热ΔfHθm 进行关联 ,拟合的回归方程的相关系 (指 )数分别为 0 .995 4( 0 .995 4)、0 .983 5 ( 0 .9840 )、0 .9794( 0 .9795 )、0 .9948和 0 .9865 ,满足优级或良级标准 .结构选择性达到唯一性表征 ,预测取得满意的结果     

Cs(6D5/2)+H2→CsH[ X1Σ+(v,J)]+H转动分辨总截面的测量

利用泵浦-检测方法,在样品池条件下,研究了Cs(6D5/2)与H2反应碰撞传能过程。利用激光感应荧光（LIF）光谱技术,确定了CsH[X1Σ+(v,J)]振转能级上的布居分布,转动态分布与热统计分布基本一致.Cs激发态原子密度由激光能量吸收得到.记录A1Σ+(v',J+1)→X1Σ+(v,J)的时间分辨荧光,从荧光强度的对数值给出的直线斜率确定(v',J+1)→(v,J)的自然辐射率,结合(v,J)→(v',J+1)吸收系数的测量,得到反应生成物CsH[X1Σ+(v,J)]态的分子密度.由速率方程分析,给出反应截面(v,J),对J求和,得到(v)[10-16cm2单位]分别为（0.64±0.19）（v=0）和（0.58±0.17）（v=1）.     

结构参数F与部分气态化合物标准生成焓的相关性研究

用三个分别代表分子中原子联结情况、顶点原子结构特点和相邻原子成键情况的矩阵相乘得到一个无量纲数值的方法定义并计算了拓扑指数Ｆ。用Ｆ分别相关了１６个硅卤化物（不含氢）、３２个硅卤化物９含氢）、１６个钛卤化物、３２个硅卤化物和钛卤化物（不含氢）、４８个硅卤化物（含氢）和钛卤化物、４４个卤代甲烷的标准生成焓,其相关系数均在０．９７以上。Ｆ能较好地处理ＣＨ４、ＳiＨ４等Ｒａｎｄｉｃ－Ｋｉｅｒ指数不能处理的     

LiC分子基态及其低电子激发态的多参考组态相互作用方法研究

采用包含Davidson修正的多参考组态相互作用(MRCI+Q)方法结合6-311++G(3df,3pd)基组计算了LiC分子基态(X4Σ-)以及五个低电子激发态(a2Π,b2Δ,c2Σ-,d2Σ+,A4Π)的势能曲线.将得到的势能曲线拟合到Murrell-Sorbie解析势能函数形式,确定了对应态的平衡结构Re、谐振频率ωe和离解能De等光谱数据,计算值与仅有的几个其他结果进行了比较.通过求解核运动的薛定谔方程首次报道了LiC分子几个低电子态在J=0下的振动能级、转动惯量和六个离心畸变常数(Dν,Hν,Lν,Mν,Nν和Oν).     

光纤通信光开关的物理基础(续)

4　热光开关热光开关和电光开关的结构可以相同 ,但是产生开关效应的机理不同 .这里的热光效应是指通过电流加热的方法 ,使介质的温度变化 ,导致光在介质中传播的折射率和相位发生改变的物理效应 .折射率随温度的变化关系为n(T) =n0 +Δn(T) =n0 + n TΔT=n0 +αΔT(6 9)式中 n0 为温度变化之前的折射率 ,ΔT为温度的变化 ,α为热光系数 ,它与材料的种类有关 .表 3是几种材料的热光系数 .表 3　几种材料的热光系数材料 α/ (10 - 4K- 1 )L i Nb O30 .0 4 3Si 2Si O2 1.1聚合物 1　　Δn将引起相位变化为Δφ=2 πΔn L/ λ0 =2 παL…     

对"测量电介质的电容率"一文的商榷及改进意见

《物理实验》2 0 0 0年第 1 2期“测量电介质的电容率”一文 ,笔者认为存在一些问题 .文中式 ( 2 )电量 Q表述为Q =∫∞0 i C( t) dt=∫∞0VC( t)R dt显然 ,原作者认为 i C( t) =VC( t) /R,这是不对的 .对一个由电容 C与电阻 R相串连组成的RC充电回路 ,如原图 1所示 ,据基尔霍夫电压定律 ,任何瞬间 ,它都满足i C( t) R VC( t) =VE所以流过电容的电流 i C( t)为i C( t) =VE - VC( t)R在充电过程中 ,电容上的电压 VC( t)为VC( t) =VE( 1 - e- tτ)所以i C( t) =VER- VER( 1 - e- tτ) =VERe- tτ由于 i C( t)表达式的错误…     

PuN基态分子势能函数与热力学函数的理论计算

在Pu的相对论有效原子实势近似和N原子 6 - 311G 全电子基函数下 ,用密度泛函B3LYP方法计算得到PuN分子基态X6Σ+ 的结构与势能函数、力常数与光谱数据 .同时计算得到PuN(g)分子在 2 98K时的标准生成热力学函数ΔfH0 、ΔS0 和ΔfG0 ,分别为 - 4 87.2 39kJ/mol、95 .345J/molK和 - 5 15 .6 6 6 1kJ/mol.     

与HBr(Χ1Σ+ 1,12)碰撞的CO2(0000)转动态分布

摘要：利用受激拉曼泵浦激发HBr分子至Χ1Σ+（1,12）激发态,由相干反斯托克斯-拉曼散射(CARS)光谱确定分子的激发。通过测量CARS谱相对强度,得到了HBr分子Χ1Σ+态（1,12）能级的布居数密度为n1=0.54×1013cm-3。在一次碰撞条件下,测量碰撞前后CO2（0000,J）态的激光感应荧光强度比,得到CO2转动态的双指数分布。由二分量指数拟合得到Ta=261K的低能分布和Tb=978K的高能分布。结果表明,碰撞后约有65%的分子处于低J态,属于弹性或近弹性的弱碰撞;约有35%的分子处于高J态,属于非弹性的强碰撞。在振动-转动平动（V-RT）能量转移过程中,CO2（0000,J）态的总出现速率系数为(1.3±0.3)× 10-10 cm3 molecule-1s-1;低转动态的平均倒空速率系数为(2.9±0.8)×10-10cm3molecule-1s-1。总的出现速率系数比平均倒空速率系数小,但在量级上保持一致。对CO2 J =60-74高转动态,随着J值的增加,质心平移温度和质心平移能的平均改变增加。对低转动态,在碰撞过程中,J态既可能出现也可能被倒空,平移能的改变不易确定。     

K_(L3)介子衰变

本文通过强作用K-π中间态,利用色散关系理论计算了Г(K_(μ3)~+)/Г(K_(3)~+),Г(K_2~0→πμ~+ν)/Г(K_2~0→πe~+ν),{Г(K_2~0→πe~+ν)+Г(K_2~0→πe~-ν)}/Г(K_(3)~+)分支比及K_(μ3)~+衰变中的μ谱,当选择定则|ΔI|=1/2及ΔS=+ΔQ被破坏,并且I_x=1/2及I_x=3/2的振幅f~[(3/2)(1/2)](0)及f~[(3/2)(3/2)](0)不等时,上述分支比与实验能很好符合。在本文的理论中,形式因子不是常数。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.