锯齿射流与圆射流流场和远场噪声特性的对比研究（英文）

采用大涡模拟研究了高亚音速、基于直径Reynolds(雷诺)数为Re=105的圆喷管构型射流和6齿喷管与4齿喷管构型的锯齿射流.将圆射流的计算结果与前人已有的实验和大涡模拟结果进行了对比,验证了当前计算结果的可靠性.对比研究了锯齿射流与圆射流特征,结果显示锯齿射流在近喷口附近具有更大的径向扩张率和更短的势核区长度;锯齿射流的总声压级在低辐射角度上相比于圆射流可低4 dB,而在侧边辐射方向噪声没有明显升高.分析了锯齿射流和圆射流远场压力脉动的前三阶周向Fourier(傅里叶)模态m=0,1,2,结果显示三组算例在同一周向模态上呈现出相似的声压级分布,然而4齿锯齿射流的第零阶和第一阶周向模态在高辐射角度上相较于圆射流具有更高的噪声水平.将POD分解技术用于提取特定周向模态上的最具能量的大尺度结构,在与大尺度结构相关的波包特征角度部分解释了锯齿射流和圆射流远场噪声特性的不同.     

亚声速热射流声源模型的应用

对亚声速转捩热射流中失稳波相关的噪声产生机制进行了研究,并与冷射流中的结果进行了对比.基于时均大涡模拟(LES)流场,通过求解线性抛物化稳定性方程(LPSE)得到了失稳波的空间演化特性,然后基于LPSE的解与声比拟方法构建了射流的线性及非线性声源模型.LPSE结果表明,加热可以提高失稳波的空间增长率,使其更早达到饱和.由线性模型分析可知,加热会提高高频模态的声压级(SPL).与冷射流相比,热射流中线性模型预测的声压级与大涡模拟结果间的差距更小,表明线性机制在热射流中作用更大.在亚声速冷射流中,非线性模型在之前的研究中已经被证明可以提高声辐射效率.在当前热射流中,发现非线性模型与大涡模拟间的声压级差距被进一步的缩小,且温度相关的声源项在声辐射中发挥更重要的作用.     

亚声速热射流声源模型的应用（英文）

对亚声速转捩热射流中失稳波相关的噪声产生机制进行了研究,并与冷射流中的结果进行了对比.基于时均大涡模拟(LES)流场,通过求解线性抛物化稳定性方程(LPSE)得到了失稳波的空间演化特性,然后基于LPSE的解与声比拟方法构建了射流的线性及非线性声源模型.LPSE结果表明,加热可以提高失稳波的空间增长率,使其更早达到饱和.由线性模型分析可知,加热会提高高频模态的声压级(SPL).与冷射流相比,热射流中线性模型预测的声压级与大涡模拟结果间的差距更小,表明线性机制在热射流中作用更大.在亚声速冷射流中,非线性模型在之前的研究中已经被证明可以提高声辐射效率.在当前热射流中,发现非线性模型与大涡模拟间的声压级差距被进一步的缩小,且温度相关的声源项在声辐射中发挥更重要的作用.     

气固两相固射流场涡结构影响固粒扩散的研究

用三维离散涡丝方法模拟轴对称圆射流场涡结构的发展,所得结果在某个周向位置上与用二维点涡方法计算的结果符合较好。然后采用单向淹合模型模拟固粒在圆射流中的运动,说明当固粒Ｓｔ数远小于１时,固粒受流场的作用较明显,当Ｓｔ数为１时,固粒主要分布在涡结构的周围,分布较均匀;当Ｓｔ数远大于１时,固粒受流场的影响较弱,当对涡环沿周向施以五个波长的扰动时,固粒扩散的范围较宽,固粒的扩散与扰动的振幅成正比,中所得     

气固两相圆射流场涡结构影响固粒扩散的研究

用三维离散涡丝方法模拟轴对称圆射流场涡结构的发展·所得结果在某个周向位置上与用二维点涡方法计算的结果符合较好·然后采用单向耦合模型模拟固粒在圆射流中的运动,说明当固粒Ｓｔ数远小于１时,固粒受流场的作用较明显,当Ｓｔ数为１时,固粒主要分布在涡结构的周围,分布较均匀;当Ｓｔ数远大于１时,固粒受流场的影响较弱·当对涡环沿周向施以五个波长的扰动时,固粒扩散的范围较宽·固粒的扩散与扰动的振幅成正比·文中所得结论与一些实验结果相符,对实际应用有指导意义     

浅水横流中异重冲击射流的大尺度涡结构

采用RNG湍流模型对浅水横流中异重冲击射流的大尺度涡结构进行了详细的数值研究．分析了冲击区滞止点上游壁面涡结构和近区Scarf涡结构的尺度、形成机理和演化特征．计算得到了上游壁面涡的特征尺度,结果表明上游壁面涡具有高度的三维性,其特征尺度依赖于流速比和环境水深．近区Sarf涡结构对横流冲击射流的横向浓度分布具有重要的影响．当流速比相对较小时,在底层壁射流与环境横流的横向边界附近出现明显的高浓度聚集现象,计算结果表明Scarf涡结构对这一高浓度聚集区的形成起主导作用．     

带有横向射流的三维超声速湍流流场分析

应用显式的五阶WENO格式,结合k-ε湍流模型,求解三维Favre平均N-S方程,计算了从方孔横向喷出的声速气流与马赫数为30的超声速气流的干扰流场。结果表明,在射流上游,射流的阻碍使超声速气流产生分离,形成两个主要的回流区域,主回流导致在方孔射流两侧形成马蹄涡区域,射流下游存在低压区域,形成较小的回流以及一对螺旋形旋涡。     

菱形口射流与超音主流的相互作用

基于在不同射流角(10°, 27.5°, 45°, 90°)和射流总压(0.1 MPa, 0.46 MPa)下,对音速次膨胀射流通过菱形口喷射到马赫5横穿主流的实验及圆形射流器的对比实验,研究了次膨胀射流与超音横穿主流相互作用流场, 实验包括横截面流场的Pitot和锥静压力, 获得横截面马赫数、 压力分布．结果表明近壁面低马赫数半圆区为尾区,尾区附近边界层减薄．脱体激波高度向自由流扩展,激波形状更弯曲, 低马赫数区较大．高射流压力和射流角增加羽流涡度,激波位置较高．90°菱形和圆形喷射器有更强的羽流涡度,但圆形喷射器的低马赫数区较小．前沿渐细的变壁面的斜面物增加羽流涡度,反之,双变壁面的斜面物减弱羽流涡度．通过表面激波形状、中心平面激波及横截面激波模化三维激波形状,激波总压损失用正激波关系式通过马赫数法向分量估计．激波总压损失随射流角和动压比的减小而减小,最大损失发生在90°圆形和菱形喷射器．     

飞行器尾涡对的不稳定性建模

为了确定飞行器尾流的保持距离和诱导失稳运动性质,首先在一阶近似Biot-Savart定律的基础上,推导了任意多个涡对的诱导运动模型,进而利用线性组合方法得到涡系诱导运动的对称以及反对称模态,并结合模态矩阵特征值的性质描述对称分布涡系的稳定性.因为尾涡结构的不稳定性依赖于相应的模态矩阵特征值的取值,所以在利用对称分布的二涡对的模态验证所推导的模态矩阵理论的正确性的基础上,进一步给出了三涡对的模态矩阵对应的失稳模态.理论推导和特征值的计算显示随着涡丝数量的不断增加,三涡系的不稳定性增强,并且涡系对扰动的放大作用增强.     

热传导对气-液射流界面不稳定性的作用机理研究

研究了平面分层气-液射流在非线性温度分布条件下的界面不稳定性性质.考虑了气体的可压缩性、液体的粘性、以及气体热导率和密度随温度变化等事实.并应用正则模态方法将问题转化为四阶变系数常微分方程,用数值积分和多重打靶法对模型的空间模式进行了计算,研究了不稳定模态随各物理参量的变化趋势.计算表明模型所体现的不稳定性特征与其它模型的计算结果是一致的.同时计算还得出气体和液体的温差越小、雷诺数越大、热导率变大均将有利于液体射流有效雾化的结果.该结论与HJE.Co.Inc(Glens Falls,NY,USA)的实验数据是定性吻合的.     

Crossings and nestings of matchings and partitions

We present results on the enumeration of crossings and nestings for matchings and set partitions. Using a bijection between partitions and vacillating tableaux, we show that if we fix the sets of minimal block elements and maximal block elements, the crossing number and the nesting number of partitions have a symmetric joint distribution. It follows that the crossing numbers and the nesting numbers are distributed symmetrically over all partitions of , as well as over all matchings on . As a corollary, the number of -noncrossing partitions is equal to the number of -nonnesting partitions. The same is also true for matchings. An application is given to the enumeration of matchings with no -crossing (or with no -nesting).

     

ERP与ISO的结合与集成实施

ERP和ISO9000的一体化结合是一个值得重视的研究课题.文中首先分析了ERP和ISO9000的对应点,指出两者可以相互支撑.最后,探讨了两者的集成实施问题.     

Modelling and analysis of dynamics of viral infection of cells and of interferon resistance

Interferons are active biomolecules, which help fight viral infections by spreading from infected to uninfected cells and activate effector molecules, which confer resistance from the virus on cells. We propose a new model of dynamics of viral infection, including endocytosis, cell death, production of interferon and development of resistance. The novel element is a specific biologically justified mechanism of interferon action, which results in dynamics different from other infection models. The model reflects conditions prevailing in liquid cultures (ideal mixing), and the absence of cells or virus influx from outside. The basic model is a nonlinear system of five ordinary differential equations. For this variant, it is possible to characterise global behaviour, using a conservation law. Analytic results are supplemented by computational studies. The second variant of the model includes age-of-infection structure of infected cells, which is described by a transport-type partial differential equation for infected cells. The conclusions are: (i) If virus mortality is included, the virus becomes eventually extinct and subpopulations of uninfected and resistant cells are established. (ii) If virus mortality is not included, the dynamics may lead to extinction of uninfected cells. (iii) Switching off the interferon defense results in a decrease of the sum total of uninfected and resistant cells. (iv) Infection-age structure of infected cells may result in stabilisation or destabilisation of the system, depending on detailed assumptions. Our work seems to constitute the first comprehensive mathematical analysis of the cell-virus-interferon system based on biologically plausible hypotheses.     

Border bases and kernels of homomorphisms and of derivations

Border bases are an alternative to Gröbner bases. The former have several more desirable properties. In this paper some constructions and operations on border bases are presented. Namely; the case of a restriction of an ideal to a polynomial ring (in a smaller number of variables), the case of the intersection of two ideals, and the case of the kernel of a homomorphism of polynomial rings. These constructions are applied to the ideal of relations and to factorizable derivations.     

钢管订购与运输问题三的数学模型与灵敏度分析

本文针对 2 0 0 0年全国大学生数学建模竞赛 B题——钢管订购与运输问题的问题 ( 3) ,建立了数学模型 ,给出了该数学模型的精确求解 .然后对问题 ( 1 )与问题 ( 3)给出了灵敏度分析 .     

OD-Characterization of alternating and symmetric groups of degrees 16 and 22

Let G be a finite group and π(G) be the set of all prime divisors of its order. The prime graph GK(G) of G is a simple graph with vertex set π(G), and two distinct primes p, q ∈ π(G) are adjacent by an edge if and only if G has an element of order pq. For a vertex p ∈ π(G), the degree of p is denoted by deg(p) and as usual is the number of distinct vertices joined to p. If π(G) = {p ₁, p ₂,...,p _k }, where p ₁ < p ₂ < ... < p _k , then the degree pattern of G is defined by D(G) = (deg(p ₁), deg(p ₂),...,deg(p _k )). The group G is called k-fold OD-characterizable if there exist exactly k non-isomorphic groups H satisfying conditions |H| = |G| and D(H) = D(G). In addition, a 1-fold OD-characterizable group is simply called OD-characterizable. In the present article, we show that the alternating group A ₂₂ is OD-characterizable. We also show that the automorphism groups of the alternating groups A ₁₆ and A ₂₂, i.e., the symmetric groups S ₁₆ and S ₂₂ are 3-fold OD-characterizable. It is worth mentioning that the prime graph associated to all these groups are connected.