Cr4+:YAG被动调Q激光器输出特性

采用理论与实验相结合的方法研究了激光二极管阵列泵浦的Cr4+:YAG被动调Q Nd:YAG激光器的输出特性.重点分析了调Q晶体小信号透过率和反射镜的反射率对激光器的输出能量、脉冲宽度的影响.对数值模拟结果进行了实验验证,数值计算与实验结果基本一致.研究结果表明,在特定的激光晶体参数下,Cr4+:YAG被动调Q激光器的输出能量与脉冲宽度由调Q晶体的小信号透过率和输出镜的反射率决定:输出能量随着小信号透过率增加而减小,对应于一个调Q晶体透过率,有一个最佳反射率使输出能量最大;脉冲宽度随着初始透过率与反射率的增大而增大.     

角锥棱镜腔Nd:YAG/Cr4+:YAG被动锁模激光器的研究

理论分析并数值模拟了腔内光强随角锥棱镜旋转的变化,实验证明在角锥棱镜腔Nd:YAG/Cr4 :YAG被动锁模激光器中,偏振耦合输出得到了锁模深度和锁模几率近乎100%的线偏振被动锁模脉冲输出.通过旋转角锥棱镜改变偏振耦合输出、调节腔内光强,可以得到被动锁模和被动调Q两种状态的脉冲输出,脉冲能量166.5 mJ/pulse,脉冲动静比高达59.7%.     

二极管泵浦被动调QNd∶YAG/KTP绿光激光器（英文）

报道了LD泵浦的Nd∶YAG/KTP/Cr∶YAG结构被动调Q绿光激光器.当注入泵浦功率为750mW时,获得了平均功率38mW,脉冲宽度14.7ns,重复频率20.4kHz,峰值功率126.6W的调Q绿激光输出.     

Nd:LuYAG混晶1123 nm被动调Q激光器

文章报道了一个二极管激光抽运的1123 nm被动调Q激光器. 激光晶体为混晶Nd:LuYAG, 饱和吸收体选为Cr⁴⁺:YAG晶体. 在连续运转情况下, 最高输出功率为2.77 W, 对应的光-光转换效率为29.53%. 调Q运转时, 在9.38 W吸收抽运功率下, 最高输出功率为0.94 W. 脉冲宽度整体在105 ns左右. 在最高吸收抽运功率下, 1123 nm激光的输出重复频率为9.40 kHz, 对应的单脉冲能量可达100 μJ, 高于目前报道的单晶Nd:YAG 1123 nm单脉冲能量, 证明其在能量存储方面较单晶Nd:YAG更具优势. 另外, 据我们所知, 这是关于混晶Nd:LuYAG 1123 nm输出的首次报道.     

Nd:YVO4自受激拉曼激光器调Q锁模特性

利用Nd:YVO4激光晶体的自受激拉曼效应,结合Cr:YAG被动锁模技术和倍频技术,实现了结构紧凑的1176 nm和588 nm黄光锁模激光输出。激光器为LD端面泵浦,三镜折叠腔结构,并且采用了透过率为10%的输出镜。Nd:YVO4晶体长度为10 mm,Nd3+离子掺杂质量分数为0.2%,Cr:YAG晶体的初始透过率为67%。10 W激光泵浦时,1176 nm激光平均输出功率为123 mW,调Q包络宽度为6 ns,调Q包络内的锁模脉冲重复频率高达1 GHz。588.2 nm 黄光的平均输出功率为8 mW。     

Cr^4＋：YAG被动调Q激光器输出特性的解析分析

在考虑Cr^4＋：YAG晶体激发态吸收的情况下，给出了Cr^4＋：YAG被动调Q的Nd：YAG激光器的速率方程组，从该速率方程组出发推导出了Nd：YAG被动调Q激光器的输出能量、脉冲宽度和效率的解析解，并分析了各参量之间的相互耦合关系。结果表明，在考虑了Cr^4＋：YAG晶体激发态吸收的情况下，理论上能够正确地反应出Cr^4＋：YAG晶体的吸收特性，对设计和优化Cr^4＋：YAG被动调Q激光器有一定的指导意义。     

全固态腔内倍频被动调Q绿光激光器的理论研究

将倍频过程视为一种随基波光子数变化而变化的非线性腔内损耗,对被动调Q四能级速率方程进行修正,总结出了被动调Q绿光激光器的四能级非线性速率方程.通过数值求解,对连续LD泵浦Nd:GdVO4 /Cr4+:YAG/KTP和Nd:YAG/ Cr4+:YAG/LBO腔内倍频被动调Q绿光激光器的输出特性进行了数值模拟.通过与实验数...     

被动调Q自拉曼Nd:GdVO4激光器

对激光二极管(LD)抽运的自拉曼Nd:GdVO4被动调Q激光器进行了详细的理论和实验研究.实验中采用Nd:GdVO4晶体同时作为激光介质和拉曼晶体,分别用了两块不同初始透射率的Cr4 :YAG晶体,得到并比较了采用不同初始透射率的Cr4 :YAG晶体时被动调Q自拉曼激光器的性能.测量了平均输出功率、脉冲宽度和脉冲重复率随抽运功率的变化关系.当Cr4 :YAG的初始透射率为0.91,输入功率是5.7 W时,得到的拉曼光的最高功率为244.6 mW,相应的转换效率为4.3%.通过数值求解基频光和拉曼光空间分布的速率方程并应用到被动调Q自拉曼Nd:GdYO4激光器.获得的理论结果与实验结果大致相符.     

激光二极管抽运Cr4+:Nd3+:YAG自锁模自调Q激光器

采用光纤耦合半导体激光抽运,实现了Cr4+:Nd3+:YAG自锁模自调Q激光器1.06üm激光输出.当抽运功率超过阈值2.83 W时,激光器便运转在调Q锁模状态,其锁模调制深度达到80%以上.当抽运功率最大为5.72 W时,平均输出功率为233 mW,相应调Q包络的单脉冲能量为16.5üJ,调Q包络的脉冲宽度大约为120 ns.调Q包络中锁模脉冲之间的间隔为2.8 ns,这与光子在谐振腔内的往返时间相一致,对应的重复率为357 MHz,锁模脉冲宽度估计为560 ps.利用双曲正割函数,考虑腔内光子数密度的空间高斯分布、增益介质的受激辐射寿命和饱和吸收体的激发态寿命对激光特性的影响,建立了描述Cr4+:Nd3+:YAG晶体自调Q自锁模动力学过程的速率方程组.数值求解该方程组,与实验结果符合较好.     

被动调Q激光器输出特性的实验研究

被动调Q晶体Cr∶YAG对激光器的性能起着重要的作用。对Cr∶YAG被动调Q Nd∶YAG激光器进行了实验研究。着重研究了抽运功率、腔长、输出镜透过率以及初始透过率等因素对激光输出脉冲序列的重复率、脉冲宽度以及输出功率的影响。实验结果表明，抽运功率是影响重复率的最大因素，抽运功率的增大可以提高重复率，并减小脉冲宽度；它对腔长的影响效果刚好相反；存在一个可使输出功率最大的最佳输出镜透过率；不同的初始透过率对输出有一定的影响。分析表明被动调Q技术适用于DPL。     

Design of Highly Directive Ni-Like Ag X-Ray Laser at 13.9nm

We theoretically investigate a 13.9nm Ni-like Ag x-ray laser using a one-dimensional hydrodynamic code coupled with an atomic physics data package. The population inversion is transiently pumped by a grazing incident 0.5ps main pulse irradiating into an optimized plasma, which is generated by a normal incidence 300ps pulse and a subsequent grazing incidence 300ps pulse. The effect of the grazing-incidence angle on the source position of the output x-ray laser is investigated. Near zero deflecting angle is found for the peak output intensity of the Ni-like Ag x-ray lasers, with a small FWHM divergence of 5mrad. It is predicted that saturation can be achieved with a total pump energy of 165mJ.     

Effects of energy-transfer up-conversion and excited-state absorption in quasi-three-level Nd:GdVO4 lasers

We investigate in detail the effect of energy-transfer up-conversion (ETU) and excited-state absorption (ESA) in diode-end-pumping quasi-three-level Nd:GdVO₄ lasers. The energy levels of Nd:GdVO₄ crystals and the rate equation involving ETU and ESA effects are presented. The results of simulation show that the ETU effect is important in quasi-three-level lasers and can provide heating approximately two times higher than that induced by the ESA. Moreover, the relationship between the incident pump power and the 912 nm output power was simulated taking into account the ESA; a comparison with experimental data is also presented. As a result, we conclude that the ESA plays an important role in the high-power pumping field; the estimated equivalent cross-section σ_ESA = (1.0 ± 0.5) ? 10^?20 cm².     

Effect of ytterbium concentration on cw Yb:YAG microchip laser performance at ambient temperature – Part II: Theoretical modeling

A theoretical model based on a quasi-four-level system is modified to investigate the effect of Yb concentration on performance of continuous-wave Yb:YAG microchip lasers by taking into account temperature-dependent thermal population distribution, temperature-dependent emission cross-section and concentration-dependent fluorescence lifetime, thermal loading, thermal conductivity, and thermal expansion coefficient. The local temperature rise in Yb:YAG crystal caused by the absorbed pump power plays an important role in the laser performance of Yb:YAG microchip lasers working at ambient temperature without actively cooling the sample. The output wavelengths dependent on output coupling, Yb concentration, and pump power level were analyzed quantitatively. The numerical simulation of Yb:YAG microchip lasers is in good agreement with experimental data. The optimized laser operation for Yb:YAG microchip lasers is proposed by varying the thickness and output coupling for different Yb concentrations. The effect of thermal lens, thermal deformation effect, and saturated inversion population distribution inside the Yb:YAG crystal on performance of heavy-doped Yb:YAG microchip lasers are also addressed. PACS 42.55.Xi; 42.70.Hj; 42.55.Rz     

Repetition-rate dependence of thermal loading in diode-end-pumped Q-switched lasers: influence of energy-transfer upconversion

The fractional thermal loading in diode-end-pumped Q-switched lasers was estimated from the theory of cavity stability. The experimental results show that the thermal loading depends on the pulse-repetition rate. This dependence is attributed to the effect of energy-transfer upconversion (ETU). A theoretical model including the ETU effect was developed to analyze the fractional thermal loading in end-pumped Q-switched lasers. The theoretical predictions were found to be in good agreement with the experimental data.     

The influence of spatial hole-burning in single mode Q-switch operation

The influence of spatial hole-burning effects on the output of Q-switched giant pulse lasers is investigated. Generalised fundamental equations are established and analytically treated to obtain the total output energy and the remaining inversion density. The results are completed by numerical computations which made it possible to obtain the time-dependent output intensity and the width of the pulses. The solutions of the modified equations are compared with earlier calculations where spatial hole-burning has not been included. It is shown that the formation of standing waves inside the cavity leads to a reduction of the total output energy but does not affect the pulse width of the laser emission.     

Numerical simulation of a CW-pumped Cr:YAG passively Q-switched Yb:YAG pulsed laser

A general model of a CW-pumped passively Q-switched laser is presented which considers the pump power and excitation state of the absorber. The recovery time of the absorber is affected by the Q-switched laser pulse length and repetition rate, which results in changes of the output power, peak power and pulse duration of a CW-pumped passively Q-switched solid-state laser. At low pump power, the final inversion population density alters slowly by a small amount and the effect of the absorber's finite recovery time on laser output energy can be ignored. At high pump power, the final inversion population density increases quickly with pump power increase and the output energy decreases greatly. Simulation results of a CW-pumped, Cr:YAG Q-switched, Yb:YAG laser are reported. The numerical simulation results agree with the theoretical analytical analysis.     

Strongly coupled intracavity frequency-doubled pulsed lasers

Simple expressions for the peak power, pulse energy, and pulse length of strongly coupled intracavity frequency-doubled lasers are presented. For nonlinear coupling values that correspond to many common systems, these expressions agree well with the results of numerical integration of the rate equations. In contrast with weak nonlinear or linear coupling, pulsed lasers with strong nonlinear coupling only deplete the population inversion down to the threshold level.     

Modeling the pulse shape of Q-switched lasers to account for terminal-level relaxation

To account for the effect of lower-level relaxation,we have derived a characteristic equation for describing the laser pulse from the modified rate equations for Q-switched lasers.The pulse temporal profile is related to the ratio of the lower-level lifetime to the cavity lifetime and the number of times the population inversion density is above the threshold.By solving the coupled rate equations numerically,the effect of terminal-level lifetime on pulse temporal behaviour is analysed.The mode is applied to the case of a diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser that is passively Q-switched by a Cr 4+:YAG absorber.Theoretical results show good agreement with the experiments.     

High-pulse-stability double-end continuous-grown YVO<Subscript>4</Subscript>/Nd:YVO<Subscript>4</Subscript>/YVO<Subscript>4</Subscript> acousto-optically Q-switched laser at high repetition rates

High pulse amplitude stability of 0.62% (rms) is achieved at 60 kHz repetition rate in fundamental mode with double-end continuous-grown YVO₄/Nd:YVO₄/YVO₄ composite crystal. The average output power and pulse peak power are 32.9 W and 27.7 kW, respectively, with 19.8 ns pulse width and 548 μJ pulse energy. The pulse amplitude stability is investigated experimentally. The stability gets improved with the decrease of repetition rate and output transmission. From theoretical analysis, the reason of pulse instability at high repetition rates is that the initial population inversion doesn’t saturate and the final population inversion doesn’t approach zero. With the decrease of repetition rate and output transmission, the final population inversion decreases and the interaction between two adjacent pulse periods is weakened. Therefore, pulse stability improves.     

Numerical calculations of intracavity dye Q-switched ruby laser

A mathematical model describing the dynamic emission of the Q-switched ruby laser has been adapted. The suggested model allows the investigation of the effects of a dye cell on the mode characteristics of the ruby laser and, moreover, the study of the effect of the laser input parameters on the output laser pulse. This model simulates the nonlinear effects of dye pulse modulation on the laser emission.In addition, a numerical solution of a nonlinear rate equation system of the adapted model is discussed. The solution estimates the density of the emitted radiation, population inversion and energy transfer processes of the ruby laser rod and dye cell for different emission regimes (one pulse regime, free running pulses, repetition periodic pulses). The estimated results of the laser output pulse characteristics are in a good agreement with the other calculated and experimental results.