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流体在微多孔介质内对流换热实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文对空气流过烧结微多孔介质内部对流换热进行了实验研究,分析了不同颗粒直径下对流换热努谢尔特数随流量的变化.结果表明:当颗粒直径为200~40μm时,实验得到的对流换热努谢尔特数与已有研究结果符合很好;当颗粒直径为20μm和10 μm时,实验结果略小于已有研究结果,说明空气在微多孔介质中的对流换热需要考虑微尺度效应的影响.同时,根据实验结果给出了微多孔介质内对流换热努谢尔特数与雷诺数的经验关联式,并提出了考虑努森数的修正关联式. 相似文献
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《工程热物理学报》2015,(11)
本文基于传统微通道热沉的物理模型,建立了完全填充、三角形填充、梯形填充、渐扩梯形填充及底层填充5种不同几何布置形态的多孔金属微通道热沉的数值模型。在层流流动的范围内,对不同布置形态多孔金属微通道热沉的阻力系数、平均Nu数、热阻、有效温控系数及能效因子等相关参数进行了数值研究,并应用场协同原理对多孔金属强化微通道的换热性能进行了分析。结果表明:微通道热沉中填充多孔金属后可显著改善速度场与温度场之间的协同性,填充不同多孔金属布置形态的微通道热沉可使平均协同角减小9.6°~23.2°左右;5种不同多孔金属布置形态的热沉中,完全填充热沉的热阻最小,冷却效果最好;等泵功情况下,当Re数大于150时,完全填充和梯形填充热沉的综合换热性能均优于传统微通道。 相似文献
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微通道热沉是制作在硅芯片基底背面的微细通道,其水力直径范围为10~1 000 μm.微通道具有高表面积-体积比、低热阻、低流量等特点,是一种高效散热的解决方案.一个典型应用是激光二极管列阵的致冷.然而,微通道里流体的状态和传热与宏观状态相比有很大不同,有必要开展进一步研究.论文采用商业软件CoventorWareTM建立一个平板式微通道的有限元模型,据此对微通道中流体状态及传热进行了数值计算,获得了单个微通道中流场和温度的分布.结果表明,对于2 000 μm×50 μm×500 μm的微通道,能够对500 W/cm2的热通量快速散热,热阻仅有0.042 3 K/(W·cm-2). 相似文献
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对亚临界二氧化碳在带有微肋的微细通道内的蒸发换热特性进行了实验研究.实验段为长0.6 m,内径1.7 mm的八孔带0.16 mm高微肋的铝制扁管.实验中参数的变化为:蒸发温度1~15 ℃,质量流速100~300 kg/m2s,热流密度1.67~8.33 kW/m2,干度0.1~0.9.实验结果表明,二氧化碳在带有微肋的微细通道中的蒸发换热系数高于其在光滑微细通道内的换热.二氧化碳的流动蒸发换热系数主要受热流密度和蒸发温度的影响,基本上是换热系数随热流密度及蒸发温度的增加而增加,但同时临界干度前移及滞后,而质量流速对换热系数的影响较弱;压力损失随质量流速和热流密度的增加以及蒸发温度的降低而增加. 相似文献
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为了提高微通道热沉的水力性能和热力性能,采用等效比热容法对相变微胶囊悬浮液在固体肋和多孔肋微通道热沉内的流动与传热特性进行研究。结果表明:多孔肋可以使微通道热沉的压降显著降低,对热阻的影响随微通道内冷却剂流动距离变化。相变微胶囊悬浮液相变吸收潜热可以减小微通道热沉的热阻,但是粘度增大使得压降增大。多孔肋和相变微胶囊悬浮液都能提高微通道热沉的综合性能,相变微胶囊悬浮液在多孔肋微通道热沉中比水在固体肋微通道热沉中的综合性能提高了14%。 相似文献
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利用有机玻璃管、吸管、泡沫球等简易材料自制了演示流体压强与流速关系的实验装置。该装置有效地解决了小球随意滚动、吹气方向不固定等问题。实验用泡沫球代替乒乓球,并将其放置在玻璃管中放置,使实验过程不受外界空气影响,且较轻的泡沫球更易运动,实验效果更明显。利用该原理还自制了模拟非洲草原犬鼠洞穴的演示装置,有趣且直观地演示了犬鼠洞穴中的气体流向。 相似文献
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1引言圆柱绕流是流动与传热领域的基本流动现象,也是历史悠久的研究课题。“经过多年的努力,人们已经获得了圆柱绕流的基本图象,积累了相当丰富的实验及分析资料,但有许多问题至今仍然是不解之谜[1]。在这些问题中,亚临界绕流时的绕流阻力具有重要的意义。在能源、化工、环保等工业领域大量存在的圆管外绕流,其绕流雷诺数大多在104数量级,为典型的亚临界绕流工况。在该雷诺数范围内,圆柱绕流阻力系数Cd≈1.2,处于较高水平。降低亚临界绕流圆柱的流动阻力将产生工业上量大面广的节能效益。为探索实用的流动减阻技术,必须对亚临界… 相似文献
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A mathematical model was developed to simulate two-phase gas-dispersed flow moving through a pipe with axisymmetric sudden
expansion. In the model, the two-fluid Euler approach was used. The model is based on solving Reynolds-averaged Navier — Stokes
equations for a two-phase stream. In calculating the fluctuating characteristics of the dispersed phase, equations borrowed
from the models by Simonin (1991), Zaichik et al. (1994), and Derevich (2002) were used. Results of a comparative analysis
with previously reported experimental and numerical data on two-phase flows with separation past sudden expansion in a plane
channel and in a pipe are given.
This work was supported by the President of the Russian Federation through the Foundation for Young Candidates of Sciences
under Grant MK-186.2007.8 and by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grants Nos. 05-08-33586 and 06-08-00967). 相似文献
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在Ma=3.0的超声速风洞中, 分别对上游边界层为超声速层流和湍流, 压缩角度为25°和28°的压缩拐角流动进行了实验研究. 采用纳米粒子示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术获得了流场整体和局部区域的精细结构, 边界层、剪切层、分离激波、回流区和再附激波等典型结构清晰可见, 测量了超声速层流压缩拐角壁面的压力系数. 从时间平均的流场结构中测量出分离激波、再附激波的角度和再附后重新发展的边界层的增长情况, 通过分析时间相关的流场NPLS图像, 可以发现流场结构随时间的演化特性. 实验结果表明: 在25°的压缩角度下, 超声速层流压缩拐角流动发生了典型的分离, 边界层迅速增长失稳转捩, 并引起一道诱导激波, 流场中出现了K-H涡、剪切层和微弱压缩波结构, 而超声速湍流压缩拐角流动没有出现分离, 湍流边界层始终表现为附着状态; 在28° 的压缩角度下, 超声速层流压缩拐角流动进一步分离, 回流区范围明显扩大, 诱导激波、分离激波向上游移动, 再附激波向下游移动, 分离区流动结构复杂, 相比之下, 超声速湍流压缩拐角流动的回流区范围明显较小, 边界层增长缓慢, 流场中没有出现诱导激波、K-H涡和压缩波, 流动分离区域的结构也相对简单, 但分离激波的强度则明显更强.
关键词:
压缩拐角
层流
湍流
流动结构 相似文献
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Langevin simulations are preformed on the depinning dynamics of fluid monolayer on a quenched substrate. With increase in the strength of the substrate, we find for the first time a crossover from elastic crystal to smectic flows as well as a crossover from smectic to plastic flows above the depinning. A power-law scaling relationship can be derived between the drift velocity and the driving force for both the elastic crystal and smectic flows, but fails to be obtained for the plastic flow. The power-law exponents are found to be no larger than 1 for the elastic crystal flow and larger than 1 for the smeetic flow. The critical driving force and the averaged intensity of Bragg peaks remain invariant basically in the regime of smectic flow. A sudden increase in the critical driving force is observed within the crossover from the smeetic to plastic flows, and the averaged intensity of Bragg peaks shows sudden decreases within the crossovers both from the elastic crystal to smectic flows and from the smectic to plastic flows. The results are helpful for understanding the slip dynamics of fluids on a molecular level. 相似文献
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Langevin simulations are preformed on the depinning dynamics of fluidmonolayer on a quenched substrate. With increase in the strength of thesubstrate, we find for the first time a crossover from elastic crystal tosmectic flows as well as a crossover from smectic to plastic flows above thedepinning. A power-law scaling relationship can be derived between the driftvelocity and the driving force for both the elastic crystal and smecticflows, but fails to be obtained for the plastic flow. The power-lawexponents are found to be no larger than 1 for the elastic crystal flow andlarger than 1 for the smectic flow. The critical driving force and theaveraged intensity of Bragg peaks remain invariant basically in the regimeof smectic flow. A sudden increase in the critical driving force is observedwithin the crossover from the smectic to plastic flows, and the averagedintensity of Bragg peaks shows sudden decreases within the crossovers bothfrom the elastic crystal to smectic flows and from the smectic to plastic flows.The results are helpful for understanding the slip dynamics of fluids on a molecular level. 相似文献
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以Taitel 和Barnea(1998,1999)提出的段塞流跟踪模型为基础,进一步考虑加速压降的影响,建立了新的瞬态段塞流跟踪模型,并采用面向对象技术编制了数值模拟软件,实现了数值跟踪。计算结果与King等的段塞流气体流量瞬变实验数据对比表明,瞬态跟踪模型较好地预测了气体流量上升造成的段塞流压力“过升”现象,以及长液塞的出现;当气体流量下降时出现的压力“过降”现象和短暂分层流现象也由模型准确预测,分析认为,由于段塞流压降远高于分层流型,因此大部分液塞消失而出现的短暂分层流导致了压力过降。 相似文献