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以探讨Co2+鉴定实验过程中意外发现在适量CoCl2溶液中加入适量NH4SCN溶液的体系具有可逆热致变色现象为切入点,在分析和探讨其热致变色机理的基础上,顺势通过"先做后教、以做定教"实验教学的"翻转课堂"模式,即学生完成元素化学实验,具有亲身经历和切身体会后,以"问题"为导向,以生动直观的演示实验现象为基础,引导学生直观认识一些Co(Ⅱ)化合物的热致变色现象及其影响因素,启发学生应用化学原理与化学知识解释和探讨热致变色现象产生的本质,以加深学生对配合物的结构、性质以及分裂能概念的理解,培养学生的观察、分析、判断、归纳、推理、总结和探索规律的能力以及"批判性"思维能力。 相似文献
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奖励工作是中国化学会的主要任务之一,近10年来,根据学会工作的发展,逐步设立了以下几项奖励.1.青年化学奖为了开发智力资源,培养化学科技人才,鼓励我国广大青年投身于化学科技事业,为"四化"建设做出贡献,我会在1983年设立了青年化学奖,在各地方学会和理事的支持推荐下,已 相似文献
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能源与环境现状迫切要求开发出具有节能特性的新一代智能建筑窗户,以有效降低建筑能源消耗。热致变色材料能够根据外界温度变化改变自身光学性质,智能地调节进入室内的太阳辐射能量,且不消耗其他能源,在建筑节能方面具有极大的应用潜力。常见的热致变色材料包括水凝胶、离子液体、钙钛矿、超材料、液晶和VO2等。其中VO2在相变前后透过率在近红外区域明显降低而在可见光范围内保持不变,是热致变色智能窗材料的理想选择之一。本综述概述了热致变色涂层相关材料的工作原理、构筑方法及最新研究进展。首先介绍了常见热致变色材料的结构特性和相变机制。之后以VO2为例,阐明了智能窗涂层表面工程设计和优化方法,讨论了不同构筑手段对光学性能的影响。最后,梳理了目前热致变色智能涂层所存在的不足及面临的困难,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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从田中获奖看诺贝尔化学奖也要"与时俱进"--兼评"化学生物学"成为"大科学" 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
20 0 2年总额高达 1 0 0 0万克朗 (约 92 0万人民币 )的诺贝尔化学奖授予了三个人 :时年 43岁的日本人田中耕一 ( Koichi Tanaka,1 959~ )、85岁的美国人约翰· B·芬恩 ( John B. Fenn,1 91 7~ )和 64岁的瑞士人库尔特·维特里希 ( Kurt Wüthrich,1 93 8~ )。前两位得主分别发明了软激光解吸 ( SLD)的爆破电离方法和强电场的喷雾电离 ( ESI)方法 ,使得蛋白质等生物大分子能够转变为在气相中自由漂浮的带电离子 ,以便有可能利用质谱仪来准确测定它们的精细结构及其相应的生物功能 ,为此共享了化学奖的一半。另一半颁发给了第三位… 相似文献
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美国化学会分析化学奖(由费歇[Fisher]科学公司发起) J·卡尔文·吉丁斯(J.Calvin Giddings),犹他大学化学教授,以基在化学分离方面突出创新的成就获得了这项众人羡慕的奖。他的贡献主要在三方面:发展一个色层法的理论框框,发明场流分离法,并构思统一化学分离的原理。吉丁斯写作或与人合著了200篇左右的著作。他发表了直接有关色层法的文章达100多篇。他编辑了18本书,写了一本教科书《化学、人、与环境变化》,并写了一本权威性的书,名为 相似文献
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溶致变色法测算线型有机汞化合物的分子二阶极化率(β) 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文报道采用溶致变色法测试12个直线型芳基对硝基苯乙炔基汞化合物(1~12)的分子二阶极化率(β)。测试结果发现, 这些化合物的β值为10^-^2^9esu数量级, 其数值大小与取代基D的电子性质并无直接的关系, 表明从D到NO2并未发生有效的分子内电荷转移。这些化合物的电子吸收光谱中, λmax位于310±7nm范围内, 与具有相近β值的一些有机分子相比, λmax紫移了60nm以上。初步讨论了溶致变色法测试金属有机化合物的β值的适用条件和局限性。 相似文献
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Structural Chemistry - The Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet awarded the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine jointly to David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian for their discoveries of... 相似文献
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Prof. Dr. Olga García Mancheño Prof. Dr. Mario Waser 《European journal of organic chemistry》2023,26(1):e202200950
Asymmetric organocatalysis has experienced a long and spectacular way since the early reports over a century ago by von Liebig, Knoevenagel and Bredig, showing that small (chiral) organic molecules can catalyze (asymmetric) reactions. This was followed by impressive first highly enantioselective reports in the second half of the last century, until the hype initiated in 2000 by the milestone publications of MacMillan and List, which finally culminated in the 2021 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. This short Perspective aims at providing a brief introduction to the field by first looking on the historical development and the more classical methods and concepts, followed by discussing selected advanced recent examples that opened new directions and diversity within this still growing field. 相似文献
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Melina E. A. Dilanas Emiel Dobbelaar Charlotte M. Gerischer Dr. Alexander Haseloer Dr. Torsten John Claudia Neumeier 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2022,28(44):e202201236
In an interview with Benjamin List, winner of the 2021 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, members of the Young Chemists’ Network (JCF) of the German Chemical Society (GDCh) asked him about his science, his career, and the academic system. Benjamin List, Director at the Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung in Germany, was awarded the Nobel Prize together with David W. C. MacMillan (Princeton University, USA) for the development of asymmetric organocatalysis. After studying chemistry at the Free University of Berlin, he received his doctorate from Goethe University in Frankfurt. He discovered the amino acid proline to be an efficient catalyst and thus co-founded the field of organocatalysis. In 2016, he received the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize, which is considered the most important research award in Germany. 相似文献
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截止2020年诺贝尔化学奖共颁发了112次,其见证了化学学科的发展历程、化学学科与人类生活密不可分的联系,以及化学学科发展的最前沿。以诺贝尔化学奖为主线,联系诺贝尔化学奖趣闻,讲解化学学科将是人类生存的基础,乃至对人类社会和生存发展做出的重要贡献,可以使大家认识到化学学科的重要性,并且更加了解如何进行化学研究,促进化学学科的长足发展。 相似文献
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Dr. Jeffrey I. Seeman Dr. Guillermo Restrepo 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,132(8):2962-2981
Over the past several decades, the Nobel Prize program has slowly but steadily been modified in both transparent and opaque ways. A transparent change has been the creation of the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, officially known as the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. An opaque change has been the mutation of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry into what is effectively the “Nobel Prize in Chemistry or Life Sciences.” This paper presents a detailed study of this opaque change, including evidence that the disciplines of chemistry and biochemistry cover, today, intellectually quite distinct and generally scientifically-unrelated intellectual territory. This paper supports the evolution of the Nobel Prizes, and encourages the Nobel Prize program to move from opaque to transparent change processes for the next generations of achievement in the sciences. 相似文献
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Jeffrey I. Seeman Guillermo Restrepo 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2020,59(8):2942-2961
Over the past several decades, the Nobel Prize program has slowly but steadily been modified in both transparent and opaque ways. A transparent change has been the creation of the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, officially known as the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. An opaque change has been the mutation of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry into what is effectively the “Nobel Prize in Chemistry or Life Sciences.” This paper presents a detailed study of this opaque change, including evidence that the disciplines of chemistry and biochemistry cover, today, intellectually quite distinct and generally scientifically‐unrelated intellectual territory. This paper supports the evolution of the Nobel Prizes, and encourages the Nobel Prize program to move from opaque to transparent change processes for the next generations of achievement in the sciences. 相似文献
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Kenji Koga Kazunori Odashima 《Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry》1989,7(1):53-60
A series of water-soluble cyclophanes, made by connecting two diarylmethane units and two bridging chains via four nitrogens, were found to provide hydrophobic cavities of definite shape and size for forming inclusion complexes with various organic compounds in aqueous solution. Some chemical modifications of these cyclophanes are described.This paper is dedicated to Professor D. J. Cram to celebrate his honor in receiving the 1987 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. 相似文献
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有机小分子成为继酶和金属催化剂之后发展的一类新型催化剂,被称为第三类催化。有机小分子催化作为一种精确的分子构建新工具,对手性新药研发产生了巨大影响,在药物、农药、化工、材料等领域都得到了广泛的应用。2021年的诺贝尔化学奖授予了德国化学家本杰明·利斯特和美国化学家大卫·迈克米伦,以表彰他们在这一领域做出的开创性重要贡献。本文简述了手性现象和不对称催化,有机小分子催化的发展历程及其催化优势和未来前景。 相似文献
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2016年诺贝尔化学奖颁给了Jean-Pierre Sauvage、Fraser Stoddart和Ben Feringa,以表彰他们在设计与合成分子机器领域的卓越贡献.分子机器是模拟自然界的生物大分子机器或宏观机器的分子,科学家通过精巧的设计,利用有机合成反应构建这些内部能相对运动的分子,实现从分子层面的精确控制.本次诺贝尔化学奖颁给了尚无实际应用的分子机器,给未来带来了无限可能. 相似文献