高校无机化学实验室资源合理配置的探索与实践

实验教学是高校人才培养、科学研究和学科建设的重要环节,实验室作为实验教学的场所,资源优化配置至关重要。本文分析了天津大学无机化学实验室在资源配置上存在的问题和相关的解决措施,如开设化学类通识实验课程,使授课学生不局限于化学类;使用研究生助教和学生志愿者,减轻实验员工作量;开放实验室设备资源;举办化学化工技能大赛等。以期为其他高校实验室的资源合理配置提供借鉴和参考。     

无机化学实验室危险废物减量化

高校化学实验室每年要产生大量危险废物,对学校及周边环境造成了严重危害.该文就消除和/或减少废物的产生以及废旧材料的再利用、回收或循环等方面介绍高校无机化学实验室危险废物减量化的成果与进展.     

多维度信息化无机化学实验的资源构建与教学实践探索

面对大一化类专业学生化学基础、理论与实验联系能力和实验操作水平等存在较大差异的现状,天津大学无机化学教学团队从课堂演示实验、实验课在线开放、实验安全管理与教育及虚拟仿真实验的制作与应用等多个维度构建无机化学信息化实验资源,并应用于无机化学教学实践中,解决学生在学习过程中的困难,提高教学效果和效率。     

大学无机化学教学改革的探索与实践

从教学与教研相结合、教学与科研相结合、教学与实践相结合3个方面探索大学无机化学的教学改革,以体现"教学、科研、应用"相长的教学理念,提高课程的教学质量,培养学生的科研能力和创新意识。     

大一新生无机化学课程思政的探索与实践

大学一年级是本科生学习环境和学习方法从高中向大学转折的重要时期,也是他们树立良好思想品质的关键期.无机化学是化学化工类本科生进入大学的第一门专业基础课,通过将爱国主义教育、绿色化学思想以及科学精神等课程思政内容恰当地融入到理论课和实验课中,可以帮助学生树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观,并培养其对专业的认可及正确的专业伦...     

中国科学技术大学无机化学实验课程建设的探索与实践

结合中国科学技术大学国家级化学实验教学示范中心的建设,介绍了无机化学实验课程在建设过程中的一些探索与实践,探讨了在建设课程体系、更新实验内容、提升学生兴趣、强化过程管理、加强师资建设等方面所采取的措施,以及所取得的初步成效,并对课程今后的发展提出了展望.     

无机化学与化学分析课程在线期末考试的探索与实践

为应对新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情,在线期末考试的探索与实践成为一个新的研究热点。本文以"无机化学与化学分析"课程为例,面对疫情期间的特殊性,从在线考试设计、在线考试准备、考试实施和学生反馈等方面对于在线考试进行了多维度的介绍,总结了经验并进行了反思,提出了切实可行的考试流程,为高校开展学生较多的公共基础课的在线考试提供了参考和借鉴。     

无机化学实验课改革的探索

无机化学实验课改革的探索吴琴媛，徐培珍，张雪琴，韩志坚，王志林，金敏燕（南京大学化学系２１０００８）化学实验课程对培养优秀化学工作者起着极其重要的作用。而我国和国外高水平的大学化学教育相比，差距主要体现在实验教学上，实验内容过多的验证性；教学方法又偏...     

基础无机化学教学的思考与实践

对大学基础无机化学教学实践中的几个常见问题——基础与创新的关系、“授鱼”与“授渔”的关系、如何讲好绪论课以及如何形成自己的教学风格,提出了自己的观点,并简要介绍相应的教学实践活动。     

新时期高校实验队伍建设改革的探讨与研究*

阐述了新时期高校实验队伍工作的主要内容,剖析了当前高校实验队伍建设中普遍存在的问题,通过创新用人机制、完善激励机制、制定科学合理的考评机制、优化管理体制和政策的创新等策略与措施实施实验队伍建设改革。实践表明,通过改革优化了实验队伍的结构,规范了管理、评价、用人机制,激发了教师工作的积极性、主动性和创造性。     

线上线下混合式实验教学模式的改革与探索

大学化学实验课程是培养材料、化学、化工等专业人才应用基本操作和理论解决实际问题的综合性实践训练环节。文章探讨了当前大学化学实验发展由于受到仪器设备大型化、专业化、成本大、更新快等因素限制出现瓶颈,设计了线上线下混合实验教学模式,进行相应的软硬件建设,并开展线上线下混合式实验教学模式的改革与探索。该教学模式具有良好的教学效果,并且可复制可推广,为创新人才的培养和实验教学的创新提供了有益的借鉴。     

高校危险废弃物管理信息化网络建设的探索

利用先进的网络技术将高校危险废弃物的管理形成有效的闭环,减少化学教学及研究活动对环境的危害,通过对实验室危险废弃物的动态监控,初步掌握各实验室教学及科研工作产生的危险废弃物的情况,从而给出安全环保的合理化建议,促进高校实验室亟待解决的环境保护和安全工作。     

New approach in teaching analytical chemistry at the Technical Universities of Czechoslovakia

Summary The 5 year study programme of the Technical Universities in Czechoslovakia comprises two courses in Analytical Chemistry. In the second year of study there are 3 h lectures of AC and 9 h of laboratory work per week. In the third year instrumental analysis is taught — 3 h lectures and 7 h practical work per week. For the last two years a subject rearrangement has been going on for the purpose of intensifying the studies.Presented at Euroanalysis III conference, Dublin, August 20–25, 1978     

Combined Experimental and Theoretical Investigation into the Photophysical Properties of Halogenated Coelenteramide Analogs

Marine Coelenterazine is one of the most well-known chemi-/bioluminescent systems, and in which reaction the chemi-/bioluminophore (Coelenteramide) is generated and chemiexcited to singlet excited states (leading to light emission). Recent studies have shown that the bromination of compounds associated with the marine Coelenterazine system can provide them with new properties, such as anticancer activity and enhanced emission. Given this, our objective is to characterize the photophysical properties of a previously reported brominated Coelenteramide analog, by employing a combined experimental and theoretical approach. To better analyze the potential halogen effect, we have also synthesized and characterized, for the first time, two new fluorinated and chlorinated Coelenteramide analogs. These compounds show similar emission spectra in aqueous solution, but with different fluorescence quantum yields, in a trend that can be correlated with the heavy-atom effect (F > Cl > Br). A blue shift in emission in other solvents is also verified with the F–Cl–Br trend. More relevantly, the fluorescence quantum yield of the brominated analog is particularly sensitive to changes in solvent, which indicates that this compound has potential use as a microenvironment fluorescence probe. Theoretical calculations indicate that the observed excited state transitions result from local excitations involving the pyrazine ring. The obtained information should be useful for the further exploration of halogenated Coelenteramides and their luminescent properties.     

基于质量工程背景下的示范实验中心与化学实验教学团队的建设与探讨

对目前的示范实验中心和化学实验教学团队项目建设在本科教学过程中的作用做了分析,并对发展过程中的不足做了总结和讨论。同时以合肥师范学院化学实验教学中心的建设成果为例,为他校建设化学实验教学团队给出借鉴。     

Hydrate temperature depression of MEG solutions at concentrations up to 60 wt%. Experimental data and simulation results

Literature data for the hydrate temperature depression by mono-ethylene glycol (MEG) show some scattering and no thermodynamic model has been able to match all of the available data found in the open literature. This paper presents hydrate equilibrium data for a mixture of 88.13 mol% methane and 11.87 mol% propane with MEG added to the water phase in concentrations from 0 to 60 wt%. That particular hydrocarbon mixture was chosen because it with pure water at pressures above 60 bar shows hydrate dissociation temperatures above 20 °C and because hydrate dissociation temperatures above the freezing point of water are still seen when the aqueous phase contains 50 wt% MEG. This range of inhibitor dosage is typical in North Sea pipelines, and for optimal hydrate control it is vital to have high quality experimental data of hydrate equilibrium. Previously published data for the same hydrocarbon mixture as used in this study show a lower hydrate depression by MEG compared to other available data. The new data from this work show that MEG is more efficient as a hydrate inhibitor than the previously published data for the same system has suggested. The new data and earlier MEG inhibition data for other systems can all be modeled within experimental uncertainty using the hydrate model of Munck et al. and a conventional cubic equation of state for the H₂O-MEG component pair.     

Investigation into the gelation and crystallization of polyacrylonitrile

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) is soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and the resulting solution can gel by various mechanisms. The effects of temperature and water on the thermoreversible gelation of PAN have attracted much attention because of their importance in the fiber formation and film casting. Rheological tests were employed in this study to examine the gelation behavior and determine the gel point temperature of PAN-DMSO solution. Calorimetric studies of PAN-DMSO gels were conducted through Differential Scanning Calorimetry and no crystallization was discovered in these gels prepared at low temperature. X-ray diffraction of different PAN gels indicated that in the absence of water, gels resulted from PAN-DMSO solution by decreasing temperature were not crystallizable. In contrast, water-induced gelation led to crystallization of PAN gel. The water content in the formed gel is responsible for its crystallinity and average crystallite size.     

Experimental design methodologies to optimise the spectrofluorimetric determination of Losartan and Valsartan in human urine

A spectrofluorimetric method has been developed for the determination of two angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARA II): Losartan and Valsartan. A fractional factorial design and a central composite design were used. The key factors considered in the optimization process were pH, temperature and emission slit width. Maximum fluorescent intensity was established as response for each experiment. The response surfaces confirmed the robustness of the method. A clean-up procedure was used for urine samples that consisted of a solid-phase extraction using C8 cartridges. The total analysis time was lower than 30 min. This method proved to be accurate (RE, 8%), precise (intra- and inter-day coefficients of variation were lower than 8% and sensitive enough (LOQ c.a. 0.5 μg ml⁻¹) to be applied to the determination of Losartan and Valsartan in urine samples.     

浅析高校化学实验室废弃物的综合处理

化学实验室的环境污染问题不容忽视,必须防患于未然。实验过程中产生各种废气、废水和固体废物等污染物,对人体的危害极大。本文分析了目前我国高校化学实验室"三废"污染的现状,简单阐明了造成化学实验室环境污染的主要原因,同时提出了实验室污染的防治措施。