硝胺及其甲基衍生物的从头计算研究 I: 平衡几何构型的全优化

我们用移植的TEXAS梯度法从头计算程序, 选取STO-4-21G基组, 对硝胺、甲硝胺和二甲硝胺等分子的平衡几何构型进行了全优化计算。其C-N, N-H和C-H等键长的计算结果以4-21G基组的标准校正值校正之后, 所得理论预测值与实验数据良好相符, 对N-N,N-O键长以及键角、两面角等构型参数, 对照计算和实验结果进行了讨论。     

硝胺及其甲基衍生物的从头计算研究 I: 平衡几何构型的全优化

我们用移植的TEXAS梯度法从头计算程序, 选取STO-4-21G基组, 对硝胺、甲硝胺和二甲硝胺等分子的平衡几何构型进行了全优化计算。其C-N, N-H和C-H等键长的计算结果以4-21G基组的标准校正值校正之后, 所得理论预测值与实验数据良好相符, 对N-N,N-O键长以及键角、两面角等构型参数, 对照计算和实验结果进行了讨论。     

硝酸甲酯分子间相互作用的DFT和ab initio比较

用密度泛函理论(DFT)和从头算(ab initio)方法,分别在B3LYP/6 31G和HF/6 31G水平上求得硝酸甲酯三种二聚体的全优化几何构型和电子结构,并用6 311G和6 311＋＋G基组进行总能量计算.对HF/6 31G计算结果进行MP4SDTQ电子相关校正.在各基组下均进行基组叠加误差(BSSE)和零点能(ZPE)校正求得结合能.对6 31G优化构型作振动分析并基于统计热力学求得200～600 K温度下单体和二聚体的热力学性质.详细比较两种方法的相应计算结果,发现DFT求得的分子间距离较短,分子内键长较长,所得结合能均小于相应ab initio计算值.     

γ-吡啶甲酸及其同位素衍生物的谐性力场和振动光谱的从头计算研究

本文采用TEXAS分析梯度法从头计算程序, 以STO-4-21G基组计算了γ-吡啶甲酸的谐性力场和振动光谱。直接理论计算的谐性力场经由相关分子转移来的校正因子校正后, 得到的振动基频的预测值和固体样品红外光谱实验值之间的平均偏差为20cm^-^1(面内振动23cm^-^1, 面外振动11cm^-^1)。用这组校正因子得到的力场预测了γ-吡啶甲酸的两个同位素衍生物(-C^1^8O~2H和-C^1^6O~2D)的振动光谱, 所得同位素位移值与实验数据符合良好。对平面内振动的个别校正因子依据实验光谱进行了优化, 平面内振动的平均偏差降为15cm^-^1, 总的偏差为14cm^-^1。对预测中的偏差和某些基频的指认进行了讨论。     

去氢抗坏血酸分子振动光谱的理论研究

采用RHF, MP2, DFT(B3LYP)方法, 以6-311++G**为基组研究了去氢抗坏血酸分子(DHA)的平衡几何构型和振动光谱. 计算结果表明, 采用RHF, B3LYP以及MP2 方法优化得到的几何结构以及频率值是一致的. 采用B3LYP/6-311++G**计算了DHA分子平衡构型下的谐振动力场﹑振动频率和振动强度. 使用Wilson的GF矩阵方法对DHA分子进行了简正坐标分析, 依据所得的势能分布对DHA分子的振动基频进行了合理的理论归属.     

(CH2)2O, (CH2)2S与双卤分子间卤键的理论研究

运用量子化学密度泛函B3LYP方法, 采用6-311＋＋G(d,p)及aug-cc-pVDZ基组, 通过CP校正的几何梯度优化对(CH2)2O和(CH2)2S与双卤分子XY (XY＝Cl2, Br2, ClF, BrF, BrCl)形成的卤键复合物的几何构型、振动频率和相互作用能等进行了研究. 利用电子密度拓扑分析理论方法对卤键复合物的拓扑性质进行了分析研究, 探讨了该类分子间卤键的作用本质. 结果表明, (CH2)2O和(CH2)2S与双卤分子间的卤键介于共价键与离子键之间, 偏于静电作用成分为主. 形成卤键后, 双卤分子的键长增加, 振动频率减小, 原子积分性质发生改变. 卤键键长的变化、键能的强弱、键鞍点处的电子密度值与双卤分子的电负性有关.     

马钱子碱分子结构和振动光谱的密度泛函理论研究

用密度泛函理论B3LYP/6-31G*方法对天然药材马钱子中的生物碱马钱子碱的几何构型进行了优化,得到马钱子碱分子的平衡结构参数,并同实验结构进行了比较.计算了上述分子在平衡构型下的振动谐力场和振动基频.针对不同的振动模式,提出了相应的校正因子,并据此对计算频率进行了校正.理论计算和实验测定频率的平均误差为19.0cm-1.根据DFT计算的振动模式和IR光谱强度值对目标分子的实验振动基频进行了完善的和合理的指认和解释.     

CHMI/MMA共聚物结构与性能的量子化学研究

用从头算方法,在3-21G基组水平上对CHMI和MMA单体进行几何全优化,在优化构型下,用STO-3G基组对CHMI/MMA共聚物和PMMA分子链的结构单元作单点计算,从内旋转热垒,键能,电子云布居的自由体积的角度定量分析了CHMI/MMA共聚物的结构特点,结构表明,CHMI/MMA共矣物的参数值无比PMMA更高,从理论上确认了该共聚物具有优异性能的根本原因,得到实验一致的结论.     

FONO2低能激发态和光电子谱的理论研究

采用CASSCF方法和ANO-S基组计算了FONO2分子及其阳离子的低能激发态, 并采用CASPT2方法进行能量校正. 预测了在低能激发态时FONO2分子的几何结构发生了很大变化, 从基态的平面构型转变为空间的几何构型. 然而在阳离子中没有发生相似的几何构型改变. 此外, 在分子的基态几何构型下, 设计并计算了相应阳离子的垂直离子势, 对分子的光电子谱给出了详细的解释.     

CO2与HCN,NH3,H2O分子络合物的从头计算研究

用ab initio能量梯度法(3-21G基组)分别优化CO_2与HCN、NH_3、H_2O_3个分子络合物的平衡几何构型。结果表明HCN、NH_3和H_2O中的N或O原子与CO_2中的C原子之间形成较弱的范德华键,三者的范德华键键长分别为0.2865、0.2775、0.2543nm,稳定化能分别为14.8、27.0、31.2kJ·mol~(-1),3个分子络合物的构型都呈T型,对3个分子络合物的稳定化能的能量分解研究表明它们的形成主要靠静电作用能。     

含S-P-N键的磷烯正离子及其相关物的结构和性质的从头计算

本文对5-甲硫基-3-N-苯基-2,3-2(H)-1,3,4,2-噻二唑磷茂啉的磷烯正离子等三个相关分子的平衡几何构型进行了从头算解析能量梯度方法的全优化计算. 优化结果表明, 二配位磷烯正离子与相应的三配位磷母体分子的结构有本质的差异.形成二配位磷烯正离子后,磷所在的五员环形成共轭体系而使原来的单键键长变短, 原来的双键键长变长, 且使原来不共面的五员环共面. 在优化的平衡几何处进行单点CI计算的结果表明, 基态分子中磷原子上的正电荷的相对多少次序与实验测得的摩尔电导率及^3^1P NMR谱的化学位移的相对大小次序完全一致.     

Ab initio study of some peroxides. HOOH, CH3OOH and, CH3OOCH3

The geometries of HOOH, CH₃OOH, and CH₃OOCH₃, were optimized with different basis sets (3-21G, 6-31G^*(*) and D95^**) at different levels of theory (HF, MP2, MP4, and CI). HF/3-21G optimizations result in planar trans conformations for all three peroxides. HF/6-31G^** calculations predict skew conformations for HOOH and CH₃OOH, but a planar trans struture for CH₃OOCH₃. For the larger basis set the calculated bond lengths, especially the O-O bonds, are too short. Optimizations for HOOH including electron correlation at the MP2, MP3, MP4, CI, and CCD level improve the agreement for bond lengths and the OOH angle, but result in dihedral angles Which are too large by 3– 8°. In the case of CH₃OOCH₃, similar calculations at the MP2 and CI level predict planar trans structures instead of the experimentally observed skew conformation. On the other hand, MP4 single point calculations at MP2 optimized parameters result in a correct skew structure. For all three peroxides a computationally “economic” method, i.e., single point calculations at MP2 or MP4 level with HF/3-21G optimized parameters, result in close agreement between calculated and experimental structures.     

A water-mediated tautomerism mechanism in formamide and amidine. An ab initio study

Formamide, formamidic acid, and amidine water complexes were studied using 3-21G fully optimized structures and 6–31G energies. Hydrogen bonding and a water-mediated tautomerism mechanism were examined. The optimized complexes show that relaxation of the monomers has occurred. Hydrogen bond lengths and energies fall within the range of values found using other basis sets and other comparable systems.     

Ab initio molecular orbital study of 1-fluorosilatrane

The molecular geometry of 1-fluorosilatrane was optimized fully by restricted Hartree–Fock (HF) calculations using the 3-21G, 3-21G(d) and 6-31G(d) basis sets, with the aim of locating the positions of the local minima on the energy hypersurface. The optimized geometries were compared with available experimental (X-ray and ED) and semiempirical data. The ab initio calculations using polarized basis sets are in good agreement with those of previously reported semiempirical calculations, giving a slightly longer equilibrium Si? N distance (～ 256 pm) in the case of the endo minimum. However, the exo minimum predicted by the semiempirical methods is not supported. There was no experimental evidence for the existence of this exo minimum, and the present ab initio calculations suggest that it is highly unstable. There is considerable disagreement among the experimental results in the C? N and C? C bond lengths in various silatranes, their differences being as large as 13 pm. The present calculations predict that these differences may appear because the silatrane skeleton is flexible with low-energy, large-amplitude internal motions which introduce considerable uncertainties into the position of ring carbon atoms. © 1994 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

系列杂氮钛三环中的分子内弱相互作用的紫外光电子能谱和理论研究

首次报道了四种杂氮钛三环的紫外光电子能谱,结合量子化学从头算和和电子密度拓扑分析方法对这些化合物的电子结构和分子内存在的弱相互作用进行了分析研究。通过优化STO-6G(d)基组(C:1s=5.66,ζ2s=1.675,ζ2p=1.66;O:ζ1s=7.67,ζ2s=2.25,ζ2p=2.20;N:ζ1s=6.66,ζ2s=1.91,ζ2p=1.89;H:ζ1s=1.24)对所研究的化合物进行了分子轨道计算,结合计算结果对化合物的紫外光电子能谱进行了解析和指认。实验得到的体现分子内弱相互作用σN-Ti的轨道电子的电离能表明了N,Ti间相互作用的弱成键特性,电子密度拓扑分析显示N,Ti原子间存在体现成键作用的键鞍点,键鞍点处电子密度的拓扑性质也进一步支持了N,Ti间弱成键作用的特性。     

Ab initio molecular orbital calculations for 3,6-dihydro-1,2-dithiin and 3,6-dihydro-1,2-dioxin

Optimized geometries and total energies for the conformers of 3,6-dihydro-1,2-dithiin ( 2 ) and 3,6-dihydro-1,2-dioxin ( 3 ) were calculated at several ab initio MO levels: RHF/3-21G(*), RHF/6-31G*, MP2/6-31G*, and MP2/6-31G*/ /RHF/3-21G(*). For the dioxin, in addition to the above levels the corresponding nonextended basis sets ab initio methods were also carried out. The dithiin results are compared with those of simple disulfanes, HSSH and (CH₃)₂S₂, whose optimized geometries agree closely with the observed structures, which is the gauche (C₂ symmetry). For the disulfanes, the gauche geometries from RHF/3-21G(*) are in good agreement with the observed structure while the RHF/3-21G results best fit the dioxin. Pertinent structural data at the RHF/3-21G(*) for the half-chair (C₂) dithiin are: bond lengths, ? SS? , ? CS? , ? CC?, and ? C?C? , 2.050, 1.817, 1.515, and 1.317 Å, respectively; bond angles, CSS, ?CCS, and C?CS, 98.0, 114.2, and 127.8°, respectively; CSSC dihedral angle of 63.2°; and twist angle of 36.5°. The total energy for half-chair dithiin at MP2/6-31G*//RHF/3-21G(*) is less than the planar (C_2v) and the half-boat (C_s) structures by 69.67 and 29.05 kJ/mol, respectively. The calculated structural data (vs. observed) at RHF/3-21G for the half-chair dioxin are: bond lengths, ? OO? , ? CO? , ? CC?, and C?C, 1.464 (1.463), 1.454, 1.509, and 1.313 Å (1.338 Å), respectively; bond angles, COO, ?CCO, and C?CO, 105.0, 109.8 (110.3), and 120.7° (119.9°), respectively; COOC dihedral angle of 79.7° (80 ± 2°); and twist angle of 39.0 (38.3°). The total energy for half-chair dioxin at MP2/6-31G//RHF/3-21G is less than the planar and the half-boat structures by 70.35 and 42.85 kJ/mol, respectively. The total energies calculated at the extended basis sets (*) ab initio levels for the C₂ symmetry dioxin are much lower than those of the nonextended basis sets. © John Wiley & Sons, Inc.