兰州重离子加速器控制系统DSP组件设计

针对重离子加速器部分电源的控制要求,进行了分析研究,提出并实现了一种实时、高效、多功能的控制系统。该系统基于数字信号处理器（DSP）和两片现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）芯片相结合的核心处理构架,在系统后端利用PXI总线接口配合FPGA来与工控机箱中的系统控制器和其他控制组件进行大批量数据交互;系统前端利用直接数字频率合成器、模数转换器和数模转换器等器件结合DSP和FPGA中的控制算法及相应控制机制来实现对不同电源控制参数的处理和功率的输出;平台中两组光纤模块也与FPGA相配合实现对同步触发事例等实时数据的收发和调试。     

Binaural active noise control using parametric array loudspeakers

This paper reports the binaural active noise control (ANC) system developed to deal with factory noise. The control points are located in the vicinity of the left and right ears of a worker sitting along the production line. Due to the complicated safety requirements in the factory, secondary sources and error microphones are not allowed to be placed near the worker. Therefore, the proposed ANC system employs the feedforward structure and adopts the parametric array loudspeakers (PALs) as the secondary sources. The PAL is a type of directional loudspeaker that generates a much narrower sound field as compared to the conventional loudspeaker. Once the proposed ANC system has been trained offline, the error microphones can be removed. The performance of the binaural ANC system is successfully demonstrated based on a digital signal processor (DSP) implementation.     

新型机器人红外传感皮肤信号处理方法的研究

机器人红外传感皮肤是一种新型的外部感知系统,它具有信息量大,实时性好,与环境无接触测量的特点,被广泛应用在多关节机器人实时避障系统中。但是皮肤上的微型红外传感器输出易受到可见光、工频电源、日光灯等噪声干扰,传统的模拟电路很难满足系统实时性和准确性的要求。为了提高系统的性能,给出了一种基于数字信号处理(DSP)的全数字信号处理技术,采用快速傅里叶变换(FFT)对传感器信号进行处理。分析了快速傅里叶变换误差产生原因,提出加汉宁(Hanning)窗进行误差补偿。仿真和实验结果表明,该技术能有效地减少噪声对系统的影响,使红外传感皮肤能够准确实时地给出周围环境信息。     

一种简单高精度超声液位计系统的设计与实现

介绍了超声时延法测距的基本原理,设计并实现了一种基于DSP的超声液位计系统,改进国内同类产品精度和稳定度偏低的问题。利用选用的AD、DSP芯片特点,给出了一种简单高效率的超声换能器驱动电路和回波采集放大电路的实现方案;使用通用16位定点DSP芯片TMS320VC5502,实现测距算法,增强了后端数字信号处理能力;使用收发一体窄带超声换能器发射和接收超声信号,其中心频率20kHz,3dB带宽1kHz。实验结果表明,本系统测量范围为0.5～18m,测量精度可达到测量距离的0.5%。     

基于DSP+FPGA的实时信号采集系统设计与实现

为了提高对实时信号采集的准确性和无偏性,提出一种基于DSP+FPGA的实时信号采集系统设计方案。系统采用4个换能器基阵并联组成信号采集阵列单元,对采集的原始信号通过模拟信号预处理机进行放大滤波处理,采用TMS32010DSP芯片作为信号处理器核心芯片实现实时信号采集和处理,包括信号频谱分析和目标信息模拟,由DSP控制D/A转换器进行数/模转换,通过FPGA实现数据存储,在PC机上实时显示采样数据和DSP处理结果。通过仿真实验进行性能测试,结果表明,该信号采集系统能有效实现实时信号采集和处理,抗干扰能力较强。     

三分量全光纤加速度检波器及数字处理系统

研制出三分量全光纤加速度检波器及其数字信号处理系统。该检波器由一个质量块，六个顺变柱体，三组迈克耳孙干涉仪光路组成。顺变柱体是检波器敏感元件中的关键部件。该检波器数字信号处理系统以TI公司的高性能数字信号处理芯片为核心，辅以必要的电路，实现了对加速度信号的高精度检测和误差信号的补偿。测试结果表明，检波器在共振频率以上有较好的频率响应，输入信号与输出信号吻合较好；检波器在共振频率以下亦有较好的频率响应。最后给出了检波器频率响应曲线。     

Digital signal processing for coherent multi-level modulation formats

This paper presents a review on the recent progress of digital signal processing （DSP） in the high-speed optical transmission system using single-carrier based multi-level modulation formats. The principle of several digital phase and polarization tracking algorithms recently proposed and demonstrated for future spectrally-efficient optical transmission system are discussed in detail. A novel DSP-based interference mitigation algorithm for the single-ended coherent receiver has been included. Recent technology advance on transmitter-side DSP such as digital pulse-shaping, pre-equalization and digital nonlinear compensation has also been discussed.     

Analog Integrated Circuit for Motion Detection with Simple-Shape Recognition Based on Frog Vision System

We proposed in this research a novel two-dimensional network based on the frog visual system, with a motion detection function and a newly developed simple-shape recognition function, for use in object discrimination by integrated circuits. Specifically, the network mimics the signal processing of the small-field cell in a frog brain, consisting of the tectum and thalamus, which generates signals of the motion and simple shape of an object. The proposed network is constructed from simple analog complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) circuits; a test chip of the proposed network was fabricated with a 1.2 μm CMOS process. Measurements on the chip clarified that the proposed network can generate signals of the moving direction, velocity, and simple shape, as well as perform information processing of the small-field cell. Results with the simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis (SPICE) showed that the analog circuits used in the network have low power consumption. Applications of the proposed network are expected to realize advanced vision chips with functions such as object discrimination and target tracking.     

多核DSP高速实时信号处理系统设计

介绍了基于TI公司多核定点DSP(TMS320C6474)的高速实时数字信号处理系统。系统利用FPGA作为控制单元和转接芯片,通过SRIO接口作为DSP芯片的数据输入输出接口,具有信号处理能力超高、输入输出接口简洁、以及存储能力较大的优点。在软件实现中,利用了乒乓数据吞吐,静态内存分配技术和三核软件同步机制,通过优化算法,高效地实现了三核DSP实时信号处理,计算效率达到了设计要求。在项目图像信号实时处理中得到了成功应用,取得了良好的效果。     

Simple Analog Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Circuit for Generating Motion Signal

We proposed in this study a novel analog complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) circuit for generating a motion signal when an object moves, which is a simple structure. The proposed unit circuit was constructed using a previously proposed edge detection circuit and a novel proposed circuit for generating a motion signal which accepts an edge signal. The part for generating the motion signal was constructed using six metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistors and one capacitor. Results obtained by the simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis (SPICE) and the measured results of a test circuit constructed with discrete MOS transistors and the test circuit fabricated with a 1.2 μm CMOS process showed that the proposed unit circuit can output pulsed current (motion signal) when an object moves on the circuit. It was clarified from the SPICE results that the two-dimensional network constructed with proposed unit circuits can output motion signals. The size of the novel unit circuit is expected to be about 110 × 110μm² obtained by the 1.2 μm CMOS process. It is possible to arrange 90 × 90 unit circuits on a chip which has an area of 1 × 1cm². The aperture ratio is expected to be about 21%, which is twice as large as that of the previously proposed circuit. An integrated circuit for image processing in real time can thus be realized by applying the two-dimensional network constructed with the proposed circuits.     

基于遗传粒子群算法的模拟电路故障诊断方法研究

提出一种基于小波包分解、归一化处理、遗传粒子群优化算法(GAPSO)和BP神经网络相结合的模拟电路故障诊断新方法。该方法使用小波包分解获取各尺度函数空间上的能量特征信息作为特征向量输入神经网络。利用遗传粒子群算法优化BP神经网络的权值和阀值,有效克服BP神经网络极易陷入局部极小等缺陷。通过Multisim仿真电路实例,比较GAPSO-BP和BP神经网络的诊断结果,验证了该方法的有效性。     

托卡马克电源窄带宽近基频间谐波检测方法

为解决托卡马克磁体电源系统中出现的低频谐波检测问题,研究了基于可调参数 Q 的 F42N150 单 频模拟陷波器和椭圆数字带通滤波器的混合检测算法。通过边界优化有效剔除干扰基波及 5 次谐波,实现有效的 频谱分离。利用 MATLAB 优化了为设计过程进行,使用基于 DSP 的数字分析系统进行了试验验证,验证了检测 算法的正确性和有效性。      

Integration of digital signal processing technologies with pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance imaging

The integration of modern data acquisition and digital signal processing (DSP) technologies with Fourier transform electron paramagnetic resonance (FT-EPR) imaging at radiofrequencies (RF) is described. The FT-EPR system operates at a Larmor frequency (L(f)) of 300MHz to facilitate in vivo studies. This relatively low frequency L(f), in conjunction with our approximately 10MHz signal bandwidth, enables the use of direct free induction decay time-locked subsampling (TLSS). This particular technique provides advantages by eliminating the traditional analog intermediate frequency downconversion stage along with the corresponding noise sources. TLSS also results in manageable sample rates that facilitate the design of DSP-based data acquisition and image processing platforms. More specifically, we utilize a high-speed field programmable gate array (FPGA) and a DSP processor to perform advanced real-time signal and image processing. The migration to a DSP-based configuration offers the benefits of improved EPR system performance, as well as increased adaptability to various EPR system configurations (i.e., software configurable systems instead of hardware reconfigurations). The required modifications to the FT-EPR system design are described, with focus on the addition of DSP technologies including the application-specific hardware, software, and firmware developed for the FPGA and DSP processor. The first results of using real-time DSP technologies in conjunction with direct detection bandpass sampling to implement EPR imaging at RF frequencies are presented.     

数字投影三维数字成像的并行DSP实现

提出一种基于数字白光投影的三维数字成像嵌入式DSP处理系统.该系统根据时序变频条纹投影原理,利用TMS320DM642定点DSP和FPGA硬件电路以及多线程软件技术实现了条纹编码、编码图像采集和条纹分析的流水线处理过程.为了提高相位解调算法的速度,使用软件流水对其进行了优化.对于512×512像素图像,五步相移时的条纹图处理速度可达到39.7 fps,能满足快速条纹图处理的要求.测量实验表明,该系统可以实现快速、准确的三维轮廓测量.     

Digital synthesis of programmable photonic integrated circuits

Programmable photonic waveguide meshes can be programmed into many different circuit topologies and thereby provide a variety of functions.Due to the complexity of the signal routing in a general mesh,a particular synthesis algorithm often only accounts for a specific function with a specific cell configuration.In this paper,we try to synthesize the programmable waveguide mesh to support multiple configurations with a more general digital signal processing platform.To show the feasibility of this technique,photonic waveguide meshes in different configurations(square,triangular and hexagonal meshes)are designed to realize optical signal interleaving with arbitrary duty cycles.The digital signal processing(DSP)approach offers an effective pathway for the establishment of a general design platform for the software-defined programmable photonic integrated circuits.The use of well-developed DSP techniques and algorithms establishes a link between optical and electrical signals and makes it convenient to realize the computer-aided design of optics–electronics hybrid systems.     

Enhancement of noise reduction efficiency based on compensation in the ANC headset using fixed-point DSP

In this paper, we have proposed a new algorithm considering commutation error and feedback effect to enhance the convergence rate and noise reduction efficiency of ANC controller. In order to improve noise reduction performance of the ANC headset with fixed-point DSP, we have proposed a new FxLMS algorithm, FxLMS CF, which considers the commutation error and feedback. Also, using a non-real-time simulation, we have decided the phase and amplitude compensation factors of anti-noise signal considering round-off and quantization error, nonlinear distortion and delay of analog device. We estimated the phase and amplitude compensation factors by simulation without using any special measuring devices or analysis devices, and reduced the broadband noise by 24 dB.     

快控电源支路控制器程序的远程升级研究

在 EAST 等离子体垂直位移快速控制电源(快控电源)的数字信号处理(DSP)执行控制程序远程升级中， 通过改变“二次引导”的顺序结构，提出一种新的“二次引导”结构。该结构不需要汇编语言的参与，使用 C 语言编写“二次引导”程序，同时将该结构与无线网络传输技术相结合，实现了对程序的远程升级固化。实验结果 表明，所提出的结合无线网络的“二次引导”结构能够实现对控制电源 DSP 程序的远程加密升级。     

空间雷电探测实时采集定位系统

星载雷电探测定位系统是利用光学探测器探测闪电事件的地理位置和光脉冲波形,系统采用CPLD+DSP的数字图像处理方案,利用了CPLD复杂逻辑可编程特性将系统的部分或全部功能集成在一片CPLD上,减小了系统硬件复杂程度,节省了印制版空间.利用DSP高速数字信号处理特性完成实时处理图像数据的功能.系统用CPLD完成图像信号的采集、编码和存储控制,缩小了星载设备体积,简化了电路结构;用DSP完成大量图像数据处理工作,提高了系统工作的实时性.     

基于FPGA和DSP的超声波风向风速测量系统

本文研究了数字化超声风速测量系统,提出并实现了完整的系统设计方案。该方案的核心是基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)和数字信号处理器(DSP)的硬件系统架构和基于包络重心法的信号处理算法。该设计可实现超声信号的高速数据采集和复杂的信号处理算法。测试结果表明所实现的超声风速测量系统具有体积小、反应速度快、抗干扰能力强和分辨率高等优点,且具有成本优势,并保持较低的功耗。     

Heterodyne direct-detection OOFDM system with low sampling rate

A method of multi-channel receiving for high bit rate heterodyne direct-detection optical orthogonal frequency-division-multiplexing （OOFDM） system is proposed to reduce the sampling rate demand of analog-to-digital converter （ADC）. The sampling rate of ADCs can be reduced to 1/N that of the original signal bandwidth in an N-channel receiving system. Aided by a succeeding digital signal processing （DSP） at the receiver, aliasing free signal can be recovered. A back-to-back experimental result is given for a 4-channel system, based on which, a down conversion process for heterodyne can be reduced. The signal rebuilding algorithm is given and analyzed in its complexity and noise tolerance.