高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定食醋中4-甲基咪唑和2-乙酰基-4-(1,2,3,4-四羟基丁基)咪唑

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测食醋中4-甲基咪唑(4-Methylimidazole,4-MEI)和2-乙酰基-4-(1,2,3,4-四羟基丁基)咪唑(2-Acetyl-4-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxybutyl)imidazole,THI)的方法。样品经超纯水稀释,用氨水溶液调节pH=9.0,采用0.22μm水系微孔滤膜过滤,以乙腈和0.05%氨水为流动相,流速为0.4mL/min,用反相色谱柱Polaris C18-A(150×4.6 mm,3μm)进行分离,采用电喷雾正离子(ESI+)模式电离,多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,以d6-4-甲基咪唑(d6-4-methylimidazole,d6-4-MEI)作为内标进行定量。4-MEI和THI在0.01~1.0mg/L之间线性关系良好(r0.9996),4-MEI和THI在所有醋中0.2mg/L、0.5mg/L和2.0mg/L三个添加浓度的回收率范围为80.2%~101.4%,相对标准偏差均小于6.4%,浅色的白醋和米醋的检出限为0.06 mg/L,定量限为0.2 mg/L;深色的香醋和陈醋的检出限为0.15mg/L,定量限为0.5mg/L。     

气相色谱-串联质谱法测定焦糖色素中2-甲基咪唑和4-甲基咪唑

建立了气相色谱-串联质谱法( GC-MS/MS)测定焦糖色素中2-甲基咪唑和4-甲基咪唑.样品碱化后,用硅藻土净化,二氯甲烷洗脱,气相色谱-串联质谱法多反应监测模式(MRM)测定.2-甲基咪唑和4-甲基咪唑在0.01～10 mg/L范围内均呈现良好的线性关系,线性相关系数分别为0.9999和0.9997;检出限均为0....     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同步检测食品中的2-甲基咪唑及4-甲基咪唑

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)同步检测食品中2-甲基咪唑(2-MEI)和4-甲基咪唑(4-MEI)的分析方法。大多数食品超声提取后可直接进样,基质极其复杂的样品(如酱油、咖啡、茶叶等)需经强阳离子交换柱(PCX)萃取净化,采用同位素内标法定量。在优化条件下,2-MEI和4-MEI的检出限分别可达0.5 ng/g和1.4 ng/g,回收率分别为82.6%~98.1%和89.5%~108.1%,日内相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为1.3%~4.5%和1.0%~5.0%,日间RSD分别为2.0%~5.4%和1.9%~6.5%。采用该方法对市售90余种加工食品进行抽样检测,结果发现2-MEI仅在少量食品中存在且含量较低,而4-MEI在多种食品中存在,含量较高的食品包括老抽酱油(3 224.20~18 795.93 ng/g)、咖啡(0~5 554.35 ng/g)、曲奇(63.48~584.78 ng/g)、焦糖色素饼干(373.12~1 899.60 ng/g)、可乐(44.13~342.77 ng/g)、大麦茶(3131.05~3 335.60 ng/g)等。该文还首次报道了不同品种茶叶(16~761.89 ng/g)中4-MEI的含量。     

表面增强拉曼光谱法测定饮料中4-甲基咪唑和2-甲基咪唑

以金纳米粒子为拉曼活性基底,采用便携式拉曼仪进行分析,建立了饮料中4-甲基咪唑(4-MeI)和2-甲基咪唑(2-MeI)的表面增强拉曼光谱分析法,并对检测条件进行优化.在最优条件下(Na2SO4溶液为团聚剂,金纳米粒子用量分别为250和200 μL),4-MeI和2-MeI的线性范围分别是0.05 ～5.00 mg/L和1.0 ～20.0 mg/L,检出限分别为1.70 μg/L和0.21 mg/L;将本法应用于含焦糖色素饮料中4-MeI和2-MeI的检测,4-MeI含量在0.093 ～0.110 mg/L之间,2-MeI无检出.回收率分别为80.2％ ～ 82.7％和78.1％ ～93.5％,相对标准偏差均小于7.1％.本方法简单、快速、准确,为含焦糖色素饮料中4-MeI和2-MeI的快速检测提供了新方法.     

高效液相色谱法测定咪唑生产工艺中反应液中咪唑及2种杂质2-甲基咪唑和4-甲基咪唑

建立了高效液相色谱(HPLC)外标定量分析咪唑生产工艺中反应液中咪唑及杂质2-甲基咪唑和4-甲基咪唑含量的方法。在色谱分析中,选用Supersil-ODS-B色谱柱为固定相;选用体积比为40∶60的乙腈-离子对试剂(溶液pH为3.5,内含16 mmol·L~(-1)十二烷基硫酸钠和17mmol·L~(-1)磷酸二氢钾)溶液为流动相进行等度洗脱;采用二极管阵列检测器进行检测,检测波长为210nm。结果显示:咪唑、2-甲基咪唑及4-甲基咪唑标准曲线的线性范围均为10～100mg·L~(-1),检出限(3S/N)分别为0.02,0.02,0.03mg·L~(-1)。咪唑在20mg·L~(-1)和100mg·L~(-1)添加水平下的平均加标回收率分别为100%,99.2%,相对标准偏差(n=8)为0.27%。用本方法对同一批反应液不同反应阶段的9个样品中咪唑进行了测定,测定值为10.11%～10.71%;杂质2-甲基咪唑有检出,但低于测定下限;杂质4-甲基咪唑未检出。与气相色谱法进行了比对,两者测定结果基本一致。试验结果表明,该方法准确度好、灵敏度高、重现性好,能够准确测定咪唑生产工艺中反应液中咪唑、2-甲基咪唑及4-甲基咪唑的含量。     

高效液相色谱法测定咪唑中2-甲基咪唑和4-甲基咪唑

采用高效液相色谱法测定咪唑中2-甲基咪唑和4-甲基咪唑的含量。采用XDB C18色谱柱为分离柱,以pH 3.5的0.05mol·L-1磷酸二氢钾缓冲溶液与甲醇以体积比95比5组成的混合溶液为流动相,流量为1.0mL·min-1,在波长210nm处进行二极管阵列检测。2-甲基咪唑和4-甲基咪唑均在0.10~25.0mg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)分别为20,40mg·kg-1。在1.00,5.00,20.0mg·L-1 3个浓度水平进行加标回收试验,回收率在89.0%~103%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=7)在0.58%~3.0%之间。     

高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨率质谱检测酱油中的4-甲基咪唑与2-甲基咪唑

建立了高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨率质谱测定酱油中4-甲基咪唑(4-MI)和2-甲基咪唑(2-MI)的方法。酱油样品经水稀释,过MCX固相萃取小柱,经5%的氨化甲醇洗脱后,于45℃下氮气吹干,用乙腈水溶液溶解残渣,涡旋充分混合后过0.45μm滤膜。采用Agilent HILIC Plus(2.1 mm×100 mm,3.5μm)色谱柱进行分离,以乙腈-5.0 mmol/L乙酸铵(80∶20)为流动相进行等度洗脱。质谱采用正离子模式,在质荷比(m/z)50~100范围内通过高分辨质谱全扫描模式提取目标化合物的精确质量数,以一级母离子为定量离子,外标法定量。在所建立的色谱条件下,4-MI和2-MI能够得到较好的分离。该方法对4-MI和2-MI的检出限可达2.5 mg/kg。在25~500 ng/m L浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.99。对生抽、老抽、黄豆酱油及有机酱油中4-MI和2-MI进行3个水平的加标实验,平均回收率为78.3%~95.7%,相对标准偏差(RSD)不大于9.4%。该方法样品处理过程简单,适用于酱油中4-MI和2-MI的测定,对规范酱油生产和焦糖色素的加入具有重要意义。     

2-甲基-4-羟基-6-苯基嘧啶和2-甲基-4-羟基-5-溴-6-苯基嘧啶的高效液相色谱法分离测定

采用ODS-C18色谱柱和紫外检测器,对2-甲基-4-羟基-6-苯基嘧啶和2-甲基-4-羟基-5-溴-6-苯基嘧啶的含量进行HPLC分离测定.以甲醇水=4555为流动相,紫外检测波长为237 nm,样品线性范围为0.001～0.1 mg/mL.2-甲基-4-羟基-6-苯基嘧啶的RSD为0.5%;2-甲基-4-羟基-5-溴-6-苯基嘧啶的RSD为1.0%.     

高效液相色谱检测反应香精中的2-氨基-N-甲基-5-苯基咪唑并吡啶(PhIP)方法研究

建立了用高效液相色谱快速检测反应香精中2-氨基-N-甲基-5-苯基咪唑并吡啶的方法. 反应香精中的2-氨基-N-甲基-5-苯基咪唑并吡啶用二甲基甲酰胺直接超声振荡提取; 高效液相色谱的色谱柱为Eclipse XDB-C18 (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm); 流动相为V(二甲基甲酰胺)∶V(甲醇)∶V(水)=8∶50∶42; 流速为0.5 mL/min; 光电二极管阵列检测器检测波长为UV-327 nm. 10种反应香精中均未检出该种物质, 回收率为78.9%～85.9%, 检出限为19.2 ng/mL.     

固相微萃取-气相色谱法测定工业苯酚中的2-甲基苯并呋喃和2,4-二苯基-4-甲基-1-戊烯

建立了工业苯酚中有机杂质的固相微萃取-气相色谱(SPME-GC)分析方法。实验考察了SPME萃取温度和萃取时间的影响,同时也优化了热解吸时间。优化后的萃取温度为20 ℃,萃取时间为10 min,热解吸时间为30 s。使用此法对工业苯酚样品中的两种主要有机杂质进行了分析检测,结果表明: 2-甲基苯并呋喃和2,4-二苯基-4-甲基-1-戊烯分别在0.05～1.06 mg/L和0.05～0.99 mg/L范围内线性关系良好(r2分别为0.990和0.992),检出限分别为0.5和1.6 μg/L。在0.1 mg/L的添加水平下,2-甲基苯并呋喃和2,4-二苯基-4-甲基-1-戊烯的回收率分别为104%和113%。该方法具有简单、快速、灵敏度高等优点,适合于工业苯酚中这两种主要痕量有机杂质的准确定量分析。     

Determination of Imidazole, 4-Methylimidazole,and 2-Methylimidazole in Cigarette Additives by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography was employed for the determination of imidazole, 4-methylimidazole, and 2-methylimidazole in cigarette additives. Following solid phase extraction and filtration, the analytes were separated using isocratic elution with 5 mmol/L acetonitrile-ammonium formate (80:20, v/v) at 0.5 mL/min. The quantification of these analytes was achieved with the external standard method on a diode-array detector at 215 nm. Baseline separation was achieved within 1.3 min. The linear dynamic ranges for imidazole, 4-methylimidazole, and 2-methylimidazole were between 0.0375 and 18.0300 mg/kg. The limits of detection for the analytes were 0.0094 mg/kg. The recoveries and the relative standard deviations at fortification levels of 0.1322 mg/kg to 1.6220 mg/kg were 95.20% to 101.93% and 0.55% to 2.54%, respectively. The method offers easy operation, rapid analysis, and accurate results, and is suitable for the determination of imidazole, 4-methylimidazole, and 2-methylimidazole in cigarette additives.     

Solid state synthesis and characterization of a triple chain calcium(II) coordination polymer showing two different bridging 4-nitrobenzoate coordination modes

The solid state reaction of [Ca(H₂O)₄(η¹-4-nba)(η²-4-nba)] 1 (4-nba = 4-nitrobenzoate) with 2-methylimidazole (L²) at 100 °C results in the formation of a Ca(II) coordination polymer [Ca(H₂O)(L²)(4-nba)₂]_n2. Compound 2 was characterized by elemental analysis, spectral and thermal methods, and its structure determined. The coordination polymer 2 crystallizes in the centrosymmetric monoclinic space group P2₁/n with all atoms situated in general positions and its structure consists of a central Ca(II), a monodentate 2-methylimidazole, a bridging water ligand (μ₂-H₂O), a bidentate bridging (μ₂-η¹:η¹) 4-nba ligand and a monoatomic bridging (μ₂-η²) 4-nba ligand. Each seven-fold coordinated Ca(II) in the title compound is bonded to a nitrogen atom of a terminal 2-methylimidazole (L²) ligand, two symmetry related water molecules and four symmetry related 4-nba ligands, resulting in a distorted pentagonal bipyramidal {CaO₆N} polyhedron. Due to the bridging nature of the aqua and 4-nba ligands [(2-methylimidazole)calcium(II)] units in 2 are linked into a one-dimensional coordination polymer consisting of three chains, all of which propagate along b-axis. In the triple chain coordination polymer a Ca···Ca separation of 3.8432(3) Å is observed between neighbouring Ca(II) ions. The oxygen atoms of the carboxylate and nitro functionalities of the 4-nba ligand and the coordinated water are involved in O–H···O, N–H···O and C–H···O interactions. A comparative study of nine alkaline-earth 4-nitrobenzoate compounds is described.     

Dehydration of 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-phenylamino-oxazolidin-2-ones

The dehydration of two 5,5-disubstituted 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-phenylaminooxazolidin-2-ones into the corresponding 4-methylene-3-phenylaminooxazolidin-2-ones has been carried out. The structure of the products was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1512–1517, October, 2004.     

The Reaction of Maleic and Phthalic Anhydrides with 2-Methylimidazole

The reaction of maleic anhydride with 2-methylimidazole in acetonitrile and DMF is accompanied by the appearance of strong absorption bands in the visible part of the spectrum due to the formation of molecular complexes. In acetonitrile the reaction proceeds by two routes via the formation of an amide and the molecular complex. Phthalic anhydride reacts with 2-methylimidazole to give amide but not to form molecular complexes.