联三吡啶配体及其衍生物合成进展

金属-配体间的配位作用是超分子化学中最重要的相互作用之一, 寡聚吡啶配体可以与许多过渡金属离子配位, 形成具有独特磁、光物理和电化学性质的过渡金属络合物, 因此联三吡啶配体的合成及其过渡金属络合物性能研究引起化学家的广泛关注. 综述了联三吡啶配体及其衍生物的合成方法, 主要包括成环缩合反应、过渡金属催化的偶联反应以及其它方法, 并选取具有代表性的实例对联三吡啶配体的结构和合成方法进行详细地阐述.     

以吡啶-2,5-二羧酸或噻吩-2,5-二羧酸为配体的过渡金属配合物的合成、晶体结构及性质

以吡啶-2,5-二羧酸(2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid,H_2L_1)、噻吩-2,5-二羧酸(Thiophene 2,5-dicarboxylic acid,H_2L_2)为主要配体,4,4′-联吡啶(4,4′-bipy)、菲咯啉(phen)为辅助配体,采用溶剂热法成功合成了3个过渡金属配合物:[Co_2(L_1)_2(bipy)(H_2O)_6]·bipy·H_2O (1)、[Cu(L_2)_2(bipy)_2]n(2)、[Ni_2(L_2)(phen)_2(H_2O)_4](3),并利用X射线单晶衍射法、红外光谱(IR)、荧光光谱(FL)和热重分析(TG/DTG)等测试手段对其进行了表征。单晶结构分析表明:配合物1、配合物2为P1空间群,配合物3为P2/n空间群;配合物1和配合物3为零维双核小分子结构,配合物2为二维层状结构。     

基于配位自组装的全共轭三联吡啶-过渡金属环状超分子的构筑及其光、电化学性能*

2,2':6,2"-三联吡啶全共轭衍生物在与过渡金属离子配位络合后形成的全共轭配合物,因具有特殊的大π-π电子结构和金属-配体相互作用,成为构筑新型功能材料的重要基元,被广泛应用于光电转换、化学/生物检测、催化有机合成等领域。本文主要介绍近年来全共轭“三联吡啶-过渡金属离子（tpy-Mt）”环状超分子配合物的合成及其在光、电化学性能方面的研究进展,并探讨了该领域存在的问题及今后的发展方向。     

2,2′;6,2″-联三吡啶——一种现代配位化学中不同寻常的三齿配体

作为典型的三齿有机配体2,2′;6,2＂-联三吡啶,在超分子化学与材料化学领域得到广泛应用。联三吡啶可以与大多数过渡金属离子络合,金属络合物的性质可通过引入不同的取代基团进行调控。重点介绍了联三吡啶配体的结构、与酸的作用、光谱性质以及与过渡金属离子络合的特点。     

吡啶—2，6—二甲酸类配体稀土配合物的荧光性能

以13种配体分别与10余种稀土离子形成二元配合物, 研究其水溶液荧光强度 , 结果发现, 只有Tb3+和Eu3+有较强荧光, Dy3+和Sm3+只有非常弱的荧光, 而其他稀土离子不发光.荧光强度顺序除配体DPA为Eu3+＞Tb3+ ＞Dy3+＞Sm3+外, 其余配体的荧光强度顺序为Tb3+＞Eu3+＞D y3+＞Sm3+. 以数种4-位取代吡啶-2,6-二甲酸衍生物为配体, 与Tb3 +形成二元配合物体系, 研究了pH、溶剂等因素对体系荧光强度的影响, 测定了pH近中性情况下配合物体系的激发与发射光谱, 发光寿命等; 研究了3或4-位不同取代基对体系发光性能的影响. 结果表明 (1) 当pH值近中性时体系的发光性能最好; (2) 不同取代基对体系的发光性能也有较大的影响, 取代基为供电子基团时, 体系的发光性能要优于取代基为吸电子基团的发光体系; (3) 溶剂效应的影响对体系的发光性能影响较大, 其中低极性溶剂对体系的发光性能要优于高极性溶剂. 其中4-异丙氧基吡啶-2,6-二甲酸、 4 -乙酰氨基吡啶-2,6-二甲酸和3-乙酰氨基吡啶-2,6-二甲酸为Tb3+的理想敏化剂.     

吡咯亚胺配体与过渡金属的反应性及其催化烯烃聚合

在经典的Brookhart吡啶双亚胺后过渡金属烯烃聚合催化剂基础上,用吡咯五元环代替吡啶六元环骨架可得到具有不同电子效应的新型吡咯亚胺配体.通过吡咯环特殊的电子效应和位阻效应可设计出种类繁多的有别于吡啶亚胺配体的配合物.综述了吡咯亚胺配体与前过渡金属(Ti,Zr等)、后过渡金属(Fe,Co,Ni,Pd等)、稀土金属(Y...     

芳基柔性二齿配体在金属超分子自组装中的结构调控作用

芳基柔性二齿佤体的配位构型多变，使得其金属配合物的结构丰富多彩。该文介绍了15种该类配体及其相应的金属配合物的结构与性质和自组装策略，对其在超分子自组装中的结构调控作用作了概述。     

过渡金属/磷配体催化不对称氢化反应研究进展

正手性过渡金属配合物催化的不对称氢化是合成手性药物、农药和精细化工中间体的重要方法.到目前为止,已经有一些过渡金属/配体配合物催化的不对称氢化反应得到工业化应用,典型的实例如孟山都公司采用手性双齿膦配体DIPAMP生产L     

不对称双膦配体及其Pt,Ni金属有机配合物的合成及其晶体和分子结构

本文提出了利用两步法合成烃基体积较大的对称和不对称1,2-二(二叔丁基膦)乙烷[d(t-Bu)pe]和1,2-二(苯基叔丁基膦)乙烷[Pb(t-Bu)pe]以及利用α,ω-双格氏试剂与PCl_3反应直接合成较大螯合环的1,4-二(磷杂环戊基)丁烷(dPCypb)和正丁基磷杂环戊烷[(n-Bu)(PCyp)]膦配体的新方法。并用通常的合成方法得到了这些配体的Pt,Ni金属有机配合物,其中[d(t-Bu)pe]PtCl_2,(dPCypb)PtCl_2,和[(n-Bu)(PCypP]PtCl_2,配合物进行了晶体和分子结构测定。讨论了配体的空间因素对配合物结构的影响。     

含硫多吡啶配体及其过渡金属配合物的合成、表征与结构

本文报道1个含硫多吡啶配体5,5′-二(2-吡啶硫)甲基-2,2′-联吡啶(L)及其3个过渡金属配合物{[AgL](ClO₄)}_∞ (1),[CuLCl₂] (2)和[Mn(L)₃](ClO₄)₂(H₂O)_0.5 (3)的合成及结构表征     

含咪唑盐的三联吡啶铜配合物的合成和分子结构

通过带有不同长度的4-(4-氯烷氧基苯基)-2,2':6,2″-三联吡啶和N-甲基咪唑在甲苯中加热反应,制备了3种由烷氧基桥联的新型三联吡啶咪唑配体。研究了配体和过渡金属离子的配位反应。测定了三联吡啶咪唑铜配合物的单晶分子结构,在铜配合物中,Cu(Ⅱ)和两个三联吡啶单元形成扭曲八面体配位方式。Monoclinic,空间群P 21/c;a=1.7229(3) nm,b=1.5924(2) nm,c=2.1590(3) nm,α=90°,β=101.332(2)°,γ=90°,M_r=1298.09,V=5.8078(15) nm³,D_c=1.485 mg/m³,Z=4, F(000)=2684。     

多胺配体及其配合物的合成与热力学性质研究

合成并表征了5个多胺配体N，N′-二(1，10-菲罗啉-2-亚甲基)-1，2-乙二胺(L1)，1，7-二(1，10-菲罗啉-2-亚甲基)-1，4，7-三氮杂庚烷(L2)，1，10-二(1，10-菲罗啉-2-亚甲基)-1，4，7，10-四氮杂癸烷(L3)，1，13-二(1，10-菲罗啉-2-亚甲基)-1，4，7，10，13-五氮杂十三烷(L4)，N，N′-二(1,10-菲罗啉-2-亚甲基)-1，3-丙二胺(L5)。利用pH电位滴定法在25.0 ± 0.1 ℃时测定了这5个配体的质子化常数及其与Co(Ⅱ)，Ni(Ⅱ)，Cu(Ⅱ)和Zn(Ⅱ)形成配合物的稳定常数，并且试图解释了这5个系列配合物的差异。     

Metal Complexes Bearing Terminal Borylene Ligands

More and more metal complexes with terminal borylene ligands will be synthesized. Although these ligands in metal complexes must be stabilized either by integration of the boron atom into a polyhedral skeleton ( 1 ) or by B–N π interactions with a bulky amino group ( 2 ), the route to new complexes with terminal RB ligands (R=alkyl, aryl) is clearly indicated.     

Dinuclear gold(I) Complexes with Bidentate NHC Ligands as Precursors for Alkynyl Complexes via Mechanochemistry

The use of alkynyl gold(I) complexes covers different research fields, such as bioinorganic chemistry, catalysis, and material science, considering the luminescent properties of the complexes. Regarding this last application, we report here the synthesis of three novel dinuclear gold(I) complexes of the general formula [(diNHC)(Au-C≡CPh)₂]: two Au-C≡CPh units are connected by a bridging di(N-heterocyclic carbene) ligand, which should favor the establishment of semi-supported aurophilic interactions. The complexes can be easily synthesized through mechanochemistry upon reacting the pristine dibromido complexes [(diNHC)(AuBr)₂] with phenylacetylene and KOH. Interestingly, we were also able to isolate the monosubstituted complex [(diNHC)(Au-C≡CPh)(AuBr)]. The gold(I) species were fully characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The emission properties were also evaluated, and the salient data are comparable to those of analogous compounds reported in the literature.     

Hydrothermal Synthesis of Three New Transition Metal Complexes with Azido Ligands

Hydrothermal reactions of NaN₃, 1, 10‐phenanthroline or 2, 2′‐bipyridine and transition metal cations including Zn^II or Co^II in basified aqueous solutions yielded the three complexes, [Zn₂(bipy)₂(N₃)₄]_n ( 1 ), [Zn(phen)(N₃)₂]_n ( 2 ), and [Co(phen)₂(N₃)₂] ( 3 ), which were characterized by X‐ray crystallography. All three complexes crystallize in the triclinic system, space group P1¯, with a = 6.5506(2), b = 10.8441(6), c = 16.893(2)Å, α = 96.333(5), β = 95.361(7), γ = 90.548(6)° for 1 ; a = 7.0302(10), b = 10.0590(14), c = 10.4550(15)Å, α = 109.372(2), β = 103.980(2), γ = 106.137(2)° for 2 ; and a = 8.1722(2), b = 11.0332(3), c = 12.5066(2)Å, α = 82.681(8), β = 82.457(9), γ = 72.991(7)° for 3 , respectively. The photoluminescence spectra for compounds 1 and 2 have also been studied.     

Thermal Analysis in Structural Characterization of Hydrazone Ligands and Their Complexes

Results of our research on synthesis and characterization of complexes with acylhydrazone derivatives are described in this review paper. Structural characterization of newly synthesized complexes by thermal analysis (TG, DTA, DSC) is particularly emphasized in this paper. Thermal analysis enabled us to study not only structural changes of substances during thermal treatment, but also the mode of coordination and degree of deprotonation of acylhydrazones, as well as geometry of the coordination sphere of complexes, the structure of which had not been determined by X-ray analysis. Topics in this paper are as follows: complexes of dioxomolybdenum(VI) with tridentate hydrazones, usnic acid derivatives and their Cu(II) complexes, as well as transition metal complexes with 2,6-diacetylpyridine bis(hydrazones). This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Terpyridine Metal Complexes as Building Blocks for Supramolecular Assemblies and Polymers: Thermal Stabilities and Thin Film Preparation

5,5'-Dimethyl-2,2':6',2'-terpyridine complexes with various transition metal ions like Zn(II), Co(II), Mn(II) and Hg(II) were investigated concerning their thermal properties. A significant dependency of the thermal stability (5% weight loss) of the complexes depending on the kind of metal ion used could be observed ranging from 315 to 390 °C. Furthermore, self-assembled thin films of such metallo-supramolecular Hg(II) complexes were prepared and characterized by synchrotron based X-ray reflectivity and fluorescence techniques.     

基于过渡金属离子与三联吡啶的配位作用构筑全共轭层-层 自组装超薄功能膜

本文利用所合成的4'-（4''-重氮基）苯基-（2,2':6',2'）-三联吡啶氟硼酸盐（Diazo-tpy）在紫外光照射下的光分解反应特性,实现三联吡啶基团与基片之间形成共轭价键连接,这不仅提高了自组装膜的稳定性,而且降低了载流子在两者之间传输时的阻抗;在此基础上,通过两端含三联吡啶的直线型配体1,4-二-(2,2':6',2'-三联吡啶)基苯（Bi-tpy）与四种过渡金属离子（Mtn+：Pt4+、Ru3+、Rh3+、Pd2+）之间的配位作用,通过层－层自组装制备了全共轭金属－有机自组装超薄功能膜。由紫外-可见光谱跟踪自组装过程证明了自组装过程的成功实现,还分析了金属离子的种类对自组装的影响规律。光电转换测试表明Bi-tpy/Ru3+自组装膜要比Bi-tpy/ Pt4+具有更明显的光电转换性能;同时,由于缺陷与阻抗随层数的增加而增大的原因,在自组装6层时光电流达到最大值。这为我们设计新型光电转换器件提供参考依据。     

Organotellurium Ligands & Their Metal Complexes: Recent Developments

Abstract

The ligand chemistry of telluroethers, halotellurium ligands, and polytellurides has received good attention in the last decade. Tellurium-containing species have been used to design clusters. In the recent past the ligation of di and tri-telluroethers (including bis(4-methoxyphenyltelluro)methane) has been studied. Hybrid organotellurium ligands, N-[2-(4-methoxyphenyltelluro)propyl]phthalimid (L ¹ ), 2-(4-ethoxyphenyltelluromethyl)-tetrahydro-2H-pyran (L ² ), 2-(2-{4-ethoxyphenyl} telluroethyl)-1,3-dioxane (L ³ ), N-{2-(4-methoxyphenyltelluro)ethyl}morpholine (L ⁴ ), N-{2-(4-methoxyphenyltelluro)ethyl}-pyrrolidine (L ⁵ ), bis{2-(pyrrolidine-N-yl)ethyl}telluride (L ⁶ ), 1-(4-methoxyphenyltelluro)-2-[3-(6-methyl-2-pyridyl) propoxy]ethane (L ⁷ ), and 2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyltelluro)ethyl]thiophene (L ⁸ ) have been designed recently and studied for their complexation reactions. The (Te, N) and (N, Te, N) ligands, L ⁵ and L ⁶ , coordinate with Hg(II) through Te and N both, but the bonding with N is some what weak. The morpholine nitrogen of L ⁴ does not coordinate with Pd(II) or Pt(II) along with Te. The L ⁷ behaving as a (Te, N) ligand has formed 20-membered metallomacrocycle ring with Pt(II). Tellurated Schiff bases 4-MeOC₆H₄TeCH₂CH₂N═C(CH₃)C₆H₄-2-OH (L ⁹ ) and 2-HO-C₆H₄-(CH₃)C═NCH₂CH₂TeCH₂CH₂N═C(CH₃)C₆H₄-2-OH (L ¹⁰ ) and their reduction products 4-MeOC₆H₄TeCH₂CH₂NHCH(CH₃)C₆H₄-2-OH (L ¹¹ ) and 2-HO-C₆H₄-(CH₃)CHNHCH₂CH₂TeCH₂CH₂NHCH(CH₃)C₆H₄-2-OH (L ¹² ) respectively have been synthesized and studied for ligation behaviour. The L ⁹ on reaction with the [Ru(p-cymene)Cl₂]₂ results in [Ru(p-cymene)(4-MeOC₆H₄TeCH₂CH₂NH₂)Cl]Cl · H₂O whereas in the reaction of L ¹⁰ with [Ru(p-cymene) Cl₂]₂, p-cymene ligand is lost resulting in [RuCl(L ¹⁰ -H)]. The recent developments, particularly designing of L ¹ to L ¹² and their ligand chemistry, are reviewed in the present paper.