Multivariate Calibration Transfer between two Potentiometric Multisensor Systems

A multivariate calibration of multisensor systems is a very important stage in their application. Construction of reliable calibration model requires significant investment of time and money. Once established, calibration model can be applied normally only together with that particular multisensor system, which was employed for its’ construction – this can be a serious limitation for a wide adoption of multisensor systems in common laboratory practice. In order to address this issue we have studied the applicability of several calibration transfer techniques, such as direct standardization, single wavelength standardization and standardization with regularization coefficient for the data obtained from two potentiometric multisensor systems in analysis of complex lanthanide mixtures. It was found that mathematical correction of sensor array response using standardization with regularization coefficient allows for using the regression model derived for one sensor array together with the data obtained from another sensor array. The value of root mean squared error of prediction for total lanthanide concentration increased insignificantly (0.10 instead of 0.07 in log scale) compared with that provided by the first multisensor system.     

Analytical Aspects of Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Photoelectron spectroscopy is a new technique for experimentally measuring the binding energies of electrons in molecules. The basic principles of the method are outlined and simple guidelines for the interpretation of u.v.-excited photoelectron spectra are laid down. The analytical potential and possible development of the method are briefly surveyed.     

2010 Bunsen-Kirchhoff Award for Analytical Spectroscopy

Announcement

2010 Bunsen-Kirchhoff Award for Analytical Spectroscopy DASp Deutscher Arbeitskreis für angewandte Spektroskopie     

Ionic Liquids for and by Analytical Spectroscopy

Abstract

In this mini‐review we highlight two aspects of ionic liquids that to date have either no or limited studies. They are (1) exploitation of unique features of ionic liquids to develop novel spectroscopic methods and (2) development of novel spectroscopic methods, for the sensitive and accurate determination of thermal physical properties of ionic liquids. In the first category, we will describe several novel methods which were developed utilizing unique properties of ionic liquids for measurements which are not possible otherwise. They include the sensitive and accurate method to determine enantiomeric compositions of a variety of pharmaceutical products with different size, shape, and functional groups. This method is based on the use of a chiral IL which serves both as a solvent and also as a chiral selector. Ionic liquids have also been successfully used to substantially enhance the sensitivity of thermal lens measurements. In the second category, we will describe recent development in which transient grating technique and thermal lens technique have been successfully used for the sensitive, accurate, nondestructive determination of thermal physical properties of ILs.     

近红外光谱分析技术在快速分析上的应用

简要介绍了近红外光谱的原理、特点,综述了近红外光谱在农业、食品、制药、石油化工、高分子等领域快速分析上的研究及应用现状,并对近红外光谱的应用前景进行了展望．     

Optical Spectroscopy of Single Impurity Molecules in Solids

Optical spectroscopy of a single impurity molecule provides the first truly local probe of host–guest interactions in doped solids. In conventional optical high-resolution experiments with many molecules only ensemble averages of the microscopic parameters can be obtained. In the single-molecule regime, the exquisite sensitivity of an individual dopant molecule to both the local environment and to external perturbations has been exploited in recent experiments to reveal a wealth of fascinating novel phenomena such as spectral diffusion in crystals and polymers, optical modification of a single impurity molecule (spectral hole-burning), local field measurements at the site of a single impurity molecule, and quantum optics in a solid.     

Time-resolved Optical Emission Spectroscopy in Water Electrical Discharges

The characteristics of the plasma initiated in ultrapure water between pairs of tungsten and tantalum electrodes were investigated by time-resolved optical emission spectroscopy. The deexcitation processes of the reactive species formed in the water plasma depended on the electrode material, but had been independent on the polarity of the applied voltage pulses. All the reactive species presented the same evolution with time and have been identified with high concentration in the emission spectra between the pulses. The current–voltage characteristics showed the features of a spark discharge for the both types of electrodes used in the process. When tantalum electrodes were used to generate the discharge, a broad emission continuum (350–940 nm) dominated the spectrum due to a transition to arc discharge.     

Optical Spectroscopy and Theoretical Studies in Calixarene Chemistry

This review summarizes different applications of optical spectroscopic methods in calixarene chemistry including UV/Vis spectrometry, vibrational spectroscopic techniques (FTIR and Raman spectroscopy), luminescence spectroscopy (including fluorescence and phosphorescence), ellipsometry and various optical microscopic methods. Moreover, the results of theoretical studies (AM1, PM3, DFT, ab initio, etc.) are summarized based on selected papers in the field of conformational studies, thermodynamics and complexation features. About 300 references are processed systematically from the results reported mainly in the recent years with emphasis on the potential of practical application of these molecules.