双模双光子激光的半经典理论

在本文中,拉姆(Lamb)的半径典激光理论被用来讨论双模双光子激光运转,将文献[7]的单模结果推广到两模频率相差甚大的双模双光子激光情况。     

光泵双光子激光的全量子理论

本文给出一均匀增宽的三能级原子模型,在泵浦场和激光场同时存在时,讨论了双光子激光的增益、频率位移及弱泵浦时,稳态运转的阈值条件。同时讨论了相干泵浦对激光线宽的影响。其结果和仅存在非相干泵浦和泵浦不存在时的结果作了比较。     

Quantum theory of optical multistability in a two-photon three-level medium

An effective Hamiltonian for the two-level model is derived from the microscopic Hamiltonian of a three-level atom in a configuration, interacting through two-photon transitions with a lightfield. The effective Hamiltonian includes a term describing the optical Stark shift. With this effective Hamiltonian, we study the steady-state equation and the squeezing spectrum from a cavity field mode interacting with an ensemble of three level configuration atoms by a two-photon transition. It is shown that the inclusion of optical Stark shift brings about changes in drift and diffusion coefficients as well as additional nonzero correlations between the stochastic forces. As a result, although qualitative features remain unaltered, quantitative changes both in the transmission characteristics and the squeezing spectrum are significant.     

Quantum theory of a free electron laser

Spontaneous emission by electrons moving in a magnetic field constant in time and periodic in space (with circular polarization) is calculated using exact solutions of the corresponding Dirac equation. In addition to the known transitions we find two harmonics connected with spin flip processes, which are, however, strongly suppressed. The gain of the free electron laser is recalculated from the rate for spontaneous emission. The results obtained by classical methods are corroborated.Supported in part by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft     

激光偏振性的量子理论与实验研究

本文建立了激光偏振性的全量子理论。分析了各向异性腔中多模运转下激光束的偏振特性。给出He-Ne激光器在6328振荡谱线上各模相互间角度随各向异性变化的基本方程、计算曲线及偏振组态。本文还给出了由应力导致相位各向异性对模式偏振性影响的实验结果。理论分析与实验结果相符。     

Quantum theory of laser cooling: Statistical description of the process dynamics

A dynamic theory of coherent X-ray radiation generated in a periodic layered medium by a relativistic electron multiply scattered by target atoms has been developed. The expressions describing the spectral–angular characteristics of parametric X-ray radiation and diffracted transition radiation are derived. Numerical calculations based on the derived expressions have been performed.     

Quantum beats in two-photon resonance fluorescence

The two-photon resonance fluorescence spectrum of a three-level atom is shown to consist of the low frequency modes in addition to the high frequency ones in the limit of high photon densities. The spectral function for the low frequency modes consists of two lorentzian lines describing: the peak occuring at the renormalized beat frequency Δ₊ and that of the zero-photon excitation at the frequency Δ_-, where Δ_±=Δ-3Ω²/2ω_a±Ω²u/2ω_a, u²=1+(2Δω_a/Ω ²)². Here, 2Δ is the energy splitting between the two excited states, ω_a is the photon energy of the pump field and Ω is the Rabi frequency. The peak at the renormalized beat frequency Δ₊ occurs provided that the condition (2Δω_a/Ω²)² > 1 is satisfied. The two-photon laser spectroscopy is expected to be a useful tool for the observation of the low frequency modes in question.     

Quantum theory of a free electron laser for strong fields

A quantum mechanical derivation of the gain of the free electron laser is presented which starts from the exact solutions of the Klein-Gordon equation in the presence of the magnetic wiggler field and the stimulating plane wave field. The gain is obtained from the transition amplitude of the electron, which is expressed in terms of the Green's function. For comparatively weak fields the usual small signal gain results, whereas for strong fields saturation behaviour is found.Supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft     

Quantum control of two-photon photochromism in the solid phase

Phase and polarization control of photochromism in the solid phase is experimentally demonstrated. Photochromism initiated by a two-photon absorption of femtosecond laser pulses in a three-dimensional solid-phase polymer sample of spiropyran is controlled by varying the polarization state and the chirp of laser pulses.     

On nonclassical effects in two-photon optical bistability and two-photon laser

We analyse the fluctuations at steady state in the good quality cavity case in two-photon lasers with running wave and two-photon absorptive optical bistability in a ring cavity. In the case of two-photon laser we do not find any nonclassical effect, contrary to expectations. On the other hand, in two-photon optical bistability we find squeezing and antibunching in the low transmission branch. The maximum reduction of fluctuations that can be obtained is slightly larger than by a factor of two.     

Photon statistics of a two-photon laser

The steady state quantum statistical properties of a two-photon laser are presented for the case when the cavity loss mechanism is simulated by a single-photon process.     

Quantum mechanical calculation of multi-time-correlation functions and its application to the laser theory

Quantum mechanical multi-time-correlation functions are derived and applied to laser theory. The correlation functions for the laser field amplitudes and intensities are calculated. Far above the threshold region the latter correlation function shows damped oscillations.     

简并双光子激光的光子统计

从原子和场模的密度算符的主方程出发,应用Haake和Lewenstein所发展的原子变量绝热消除的算符方法,导出了简并双光子激光光场Wigner函数的福克-普朗克(Fokker-Planck)方程及其稳态解.利用稳态解的高斯近似,求得了在不同泵浦强度下,光子统计的解析结果如数值结果,并与前人的结果作了比较.     

Quantum homodyne tomography of a two-photon Fock state

We present a continuous-variable experimental analysis of a two-photon Fock state of free-propagating light. This state is obtained from a pulsed nondegenerate parametric amplifier, which produces two intensity-correlated twin beams. Counting two photons in one beam projects the other beam in the desired two-photon Fock state, which is analyzed by using a pulsed homodyne detection. The Wigner function of the measured state is clearly negative. We developed a detailed analytic model which allows a fast and efficient analysis of the experimental results.     

Quantum statistics of field after double-beam two-photon absorption

Two-photon absorption for a collection of unexcited two-level atoms from two beams of light is considered and the statistical properties of the beams after the interaction are investigated. The dynamical behaviour of the beams is described by assuming the atoms maintained with a nearly fixed population distribution. By applying iteration methods the time development for the paired generating functional of the field is obtained and by means of this generating functional paired modal densities are written. The modal densities are then used for discussing the statistical properties of light after the interaction.     

Quantum phase properties of the field in a two-photon micromaser

In this paper, we study the quantum phase properties of the field in a two-photon micromaser, including the effects of the finite detuning of the intermediate level. For initial coherent state of the cavity field and atoms initially in their excited state multipeak phase structure appears which eventually leads to the randomization of the cavity field phase. However, the approach towards the randomization depends upon the detuning. If the atoms are injected in a coherent superposition of their upper and lower atomic states then the phase distribution evolves into two-peak structure. For initial thermal state and atoms in polarized state, cavity field acquires some phase. We also consider the effect of finite Q of the cavity, random injection of the atoms and fluctuations in the interaction time.