FeCl3催化2-(1-丙炔基)-2’-乙酰基联苯环化反应的机理研究

采用密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法研究了2-(1-丙炔基)-2’-乙酰基联苯分子内环化生成菲衍生物的反应机理。结果表明,该反应在无催化剂和FeCl3催化下均能通过四元环和八元环路径生成产物,其相应的决速步骤分别为四元环和八元环的生成过程。在无催化剂时,四元环路径和八元环路径的决速步骤的能垒相差仅6.8kJ·mol-1,两条路径为竞争反应。在FeCl3催化下,四元环路径决速步骤的能垒为137.52 kJ·mol-1,比八元环路径的低57.4 kJ·mol-1,为优势反应路径。该能垒比没有催化剂时低114.23 kJ·mol-1,表明FeCl3对于该反应具有强的催化作用,能够有效地提高反应速率,使反应在温和的条件下进行。     

FeCl_3催化2-(1-丙炔基)-2'-乙酰基联苯环化反应的机理研究

采用密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法研究了2-(1-丙炔基)-2'-乙酰基联苯分子内环化生成菲衍生物的反应机理.结果表明,该反应在无催化剂和FeCl_3催化下均能通过四元环和八元环路径生成产物,其相应的决速步骤分别为四元环和八元环的生成过程.在无催化剂时,四元环路径和八元环路径的决速步骤的能垒相差仅6.8 kJ·mol~(-1),两条路径为竞争反应.在FeCl_3催化下,四元环路径决速步骤的能垒为137.52 kJ·mol~(-1),比八元环路径的低57.4 kJ·mol~(-1),为优势反应路径.该能垒比没有催化剂时低114.23 kJ·mol~(-1),表明FeCl_3对于该反应具有强的催化作用,能够有效地提高反应速率,使反应在温和的条件下进行.     

AuCl3催化炔酮分子内环化反应的机理

采用密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法研究炔酮发生分子内环化生成菲衍生物的反应机理.结果表明：在无催化剂和AuCl₃催化剂作用下,反应均可通过[2+2]和[6+2]途径生成产物.无催化剂时,两条途径控制步骤的能垒都较高,但是[2+2]途径的能垒比[6+2]途径的低32.01 kJ·mol^-1,故反应主要通过[2+2]途径进行.在AuCl₃催化作用下,反应的优势途径为[2+2]途径,其能垒为137.05 kJ·mol^-1.比较活化能发现,AuCl₃催化剂明显地降低了反应能垒,使反应能够顺利进行.     

中性循环中铱催化甲醇羰基化合成乙酸的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论研究了中性循环中Ir(CO)_3I催化甲醇羰基化制乙酸的反应机理,计算得到了反应路径上各驻点的几何构型与频率,通过能量和振动分析证实了过渡态的真实性.结果表明,Ir(CO)_2I与CH_3I作用后,亲核加成过程出现反应路径中最大能垒(40. 3 kJ/mol),使用能量跨度模型分析了反应过程的动力学信息,确定了反应的能量跨度和决速中间体和决速过渡态分别为IM1和TS12,亲核加成过程为反应的决速步骤,得到了298 K催化剂的转化频率3. 2×10~(-6)s~(-1).     

金(I)催化丙二烯基化合物构建螺环[4,5]癸烷骨架的计算研究

采用B3LYP-D3(BJ)计算方法研究了金催化丙二烯基化合物合成螺环[4,5]癸烷骨架的反应机理。通过SMD模型在实验对应的CH3CN溶剂体系中进行单点能量计算得出更准确的能量。计算研究表明,该反应包括三个主要的步骤：烯丙基和乙烯基端基碳原子的分子内环加成、四元环重构为五元环的半频哪醇重排过程、消除反应释放催化剂并得到产物。结果显示第一步是反应的决速步骤,其活化自由能相对较低为70.18 kJ/mol,表明金催化的合成反应在室温条件下能够发生。     

CH2和CH3分子在金属团簇Cun(n=1～6)上吸附性质

以σ-羟基环氧化合物作为模型化合物, 利用密度泛函中B3LYP/6-31G(d,p)的方法研究了三乙基铝促进的环氧化合物的重排还原有机串联反应机理. 根据乙烯消去和六元环重排顺序的不同可有两条可能的反应路径,路径I首先进行的是六元环的收缩重排,而且该步即决速步,能垒为116.62 kJ/mol;路径II中首先发生乙烯的消去然后进行六元环开环重排,开环反应步是该反应路径的决速步,相应的能垒为251.38 kJ/mol,如此高的能垒导致后续反应难于进行. 因此,路径I是更有利的反应路径,与实验结果一致.     

Au10催化CO氧化反应机理的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论方法研究了Au10团簇催化CO氧化反应的详细机理. 对CO、O2、O、CO2四种主要吸附物及CO+O2、CO2+O、CO+O和CO+O+O四种共吸附物的吸附行为进行计算, 得到最佳活性吸附位. 模拟反应分别按照Langmuir-Hinshelwood(LH)机理和Eley-Rideal(ER)机理进行, 其中LH机理包括L1、L2两条路径, ER机理包括E1、E2两条路径. 通过对各路径活化能比较得到: 首先CO+O2→CO2+O反应按照LH机理进行的可能性较大, 并且相比较L1、L2两条路径, 由于反应按照L1路径进行时只需克服33.9和56.4 kJ•mol-1的能垒, 所以反应更易按照L1路径进行, 最佳反应路径为O2(gas)+CO(gas)→O2(ads)+CO(gas)→O2(ads)+CO(ads)→OCOO(ads)→O(ads)+ CO2(ads); 然后CO+O→CO2反应分别克服6.9和4.3 kJ•mol-1能垒, 放热352.1 kJ•mol-1, 说明低温下吸附态的O原子很容易与CO反应生成第二个CO2分子.     

光谱法研究1-萘酚、2-萘酚与瓜环的包结作用

用荧光光谱、紫外吸收光谱法研究了瓜环与1-萘酚、2-萘酚的相互作用,考察了pH对体系的影响。结果表明,1-萘酚、2-萘酚与六元、七元瓜环都不发生作用,而与八元瓜环发生相互作用,形成物质的量比为1∶1的稳定包结配合物。用荧光法测定1-萘酚、2-萘酚与八元瓜环包结配合物的稳定常数为4.2×104 L·mol-1和1.6×104 L·mol-1,紫外光谱法测定的稳定常数为4.2×104 L·mol-1和5.4×104 L·mol-1;在酸性和中性条件下1-萘酚、2-萘酚与八元瓜环发生包结作用,形成稳定包结物,而在强碱性条件下不发生包结作用。     

六硼酸钡Ba3B6O9(OH)6热力学性质研究

本文通过水热法合成了六硼酸钡Ba3B6O9(OH)6,并通过 X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、综合热分析法(TG-DSC) 和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对其进行了表征。通过微量热仪测定了Ba3B6O9(OH)6在 0.9995mol·dm-3HCl(aq) 的摩尔溶解焓为(32.34±0.58) kJ·mol-1,并计算了其标准摩尔生成焓为-(7130.664±4.2) kJ·mol-1。此外,通过基团贡献法估算了[B6O9(OH)6]6- 的摩尔生成焓为-5517.744 kJ·mol-1。     

硫醚与2-甲基-1,5-己二烯反应的机理研究

采用密度泛函理论对硫醚与2-甲基-1,5-己二烯的反应机理进行了详细的理论探究.计算结果表明,该反应历程主要包含活性物种的生成、2-甲基-1,5-己二烯的插入、另一分子的硫醚的碳氢键活化三部分.在2-甲基-1,5-己二烯插入步骤中,发现其采用6-5-re-插入时需要克服的活化能垒最低,反应时更为占优,在进行烯烃分子内碳碳双键插入完成闭环反应时相对比较容易.通过能量对比探明硫醚的C-H键活化需要克服的能垒最高,为该反应的速控步.     

The magnetic phase in 2-2-1-2 superconducting materials

Three related aspects of the magnetic phase diagram are presented here: the first deals with the disruption of the antiferromagnetic order in the electron rich phase obtained by Ce doping, the second concern the role of Bi planes as a sink-buffer of carriers, the third focuses the magnetization vs. temperature curves in a variety of different bilayer materials as seen by the muons and discusses the “anomalous” behaviour in relation to theoretical predictions and neutron scattering data.     

A Quantum Monte Carlo Study on Mixed-Spin Chains of 1／2-1／2-1-1 and 3／2-3／2-1-1

The ground-state and thermodynamic properties of quantum mixed-spin chains of 1/2-1/2-1-1 and 3/2-3/2-1-1 are investigated by a quantum Monte Carlo simulation with the loop-cluster algorithm. For 1/2-1/2-1-1 chain, we find it hastwo phases separated by an energy-gap vanishing point in the ground-state. For 3/2-3/2-1-1 chain,the numerical results show two energy-gap vanishing points isolated by different phases in its ground-state. Our calculations indicate that all these ground state phases can be understood by means of valence-bond-solid picture, and the thermodynamic behavior at finite temperatures is continuous as a function of parameter α=J2/J1.     

A Quantum Monte Carlo Study on Mixed-Spin Chains of 1/2-1/2-1-1 and 3/2-3/2 -1-1

The ground-state and thermodynamic properties of quantum mixed-spin chains of1/2-1/2-1-1and 3/2-3/2-1-1are investigated by a quantum Monte Carlo simulation with the loop-cluster algorithm. For 1/2-1/2-1-1 chain, we find it has two phases separated by an energy-gap vanishing point in the ground-state. For 3/2-3/2-1-1 chain, the numerical results show two energy-gap vanishing points isolated by different phases in its ground-state. Our calculations indicate that all these ground state phases can be understood by means of valence-bond-solid picture, and the thermodynamic behavior at finite temperatures is continuous as a function of parameterα=J2/J1.     

2-甲基-6-(2-甲苯基)-2-庚烯的波谱学研究

采用色谱法从蒲儿根花部位中分离得到2-甲基-6-(2-甲苯基)-2-庚烯,该化合物第一次以单体的形式得到,通过测定氢-氢相关谱(1H-1H COSY)、DEPT谱、异核单量子相关谱(HSQC)及异核多键相关谱(HMBC)等二维谱确定了该化合物的结构,并对该化合物的1H NMR和13C NMR谱进行了归属.     

An unusual synthesis of 3-(2-(arylamino)thiazol-4-yl)-2H-chromen-2-ones from ethyl 2-(chloromethyl)-2-hydroxy-2H-chromene-3-carboxylate via benzopyran ring opening

An unusual and unexpected synthesis of 3-(2-(arylamino)thiazol-4-yl)-2H-chromen-2-ones has been observed by the reaction of ethyl 2-(chloromethyl)-2-hydroxy-2H-chromene-3-carboxylate with various arylthioureas in ethanol under mild reaction conditions with excellent yields. The ambiguity in the structure of the obtained products has been solved by recording its single-crystal X-ray analysis. This protocol has been found to be a novel approach for the preparation of title compounds via benzopyran ring opening. A systematic plausible mechanism has been proposed for the formation of the product. Also, an efficient one-pot three-component method has been demonstrated for the formation of title compounds starting from salicylaldehyde.

     

Identification ofμ +-sites in the 1-2-3 compoundin the 1-2-3 compound

Possibleμ ⁺ sites have been identified by a comparison of measured spontaneous internal fields in YBa₂Cu₃O_6+δ and REBa₂Cu₃O_7−δ and of measured second moments and width of transverse field powder spectra with the corresponding calculated quantities. In the YBa₂Cu₃O₇ system only one possibleμ ⁺ site emerges at a distance of ∼1.05 A from a chain oxygen O(4) at the position (0.15(1), 0.44(1), 0.071(1)). In the system YBa₂Cu₃O₆ the only possibleμ ⁺ sites are near to an oxygen O(1) with z/c=0.133 and the same distance as above. The analysis leads also to improved valuesμ _Ho = 2.2(1)μ _B andμ _Cu = 0.67(4)μ _B and to a determination of the latters direction:μ _Cu ‖〈110〉.     

Mössbauer study of tin-doped 1-2-3 and 2-1-4 highT c superconductors

Samples of YBa₂(Cu_0.85Sn_0.15)₃O_7–y (1-2-3), La₂(Cu_0.95Sn_0.05)O4_4–x, and La_1.85Ba_0.15(Cu_0.95Sn_0.05)O_4–x (2-1-4), with different oxygen stoichiometry, have been studied by Mössbauer spectroscopy. These measurements reveal the existence of two inequivalent sites for Sn in the (1-2-3) compounds. The (1-2-3) spectra display two quadrupole doublets which we associate with Sn in Cu(1) and Cu(2) sites, respectively. La compounds show a single quadrupole doublet.     

Novel and convenient synthesis of 1-(pyridinylmethyl)-2-naphthols and 1-(pyridinylmethylene)-2-tetralones from 2-tetralones

The reaction of 2/4-pyridine carboxaldehyes with 2-tetralone analogs in the presence of catalytic amounts of Pd/C and trimethylsilyl chloride in DMF resulted in the formation of 1-(pyridin-2/4-ylmethyl)-2-naphthols in moderate to good yields as opposed to the expected 1-(pyridin-2/4-ylmethylene)-2-tetralones. 3-Pyridine carboxaldehyde, however, formed 1-(pyridin-3-ylmethylene)-2-tetralones with 2-tetralone analogs under similar conditions. When representative reactions were repeated in the presence of anhydrous HCl gas in acetic acid, including one with 3-pyridine carboxaldehyde, 1-(pyridinylmethyl)-2-naphthols were the only products obtained with significantly improved yields. A possible mechanism explaining these results is discussed.