STUDY ON THE PHYSICAL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF FFA—1 ION EXCHANGE FIBER

The physical and chemical properties of FFA-1 ion exchange fiber have been characterized with IR spectrum,thermal analysis and SEM means.The pH titration curve,swelling rate,mechanical properties,resistance drop of filter layer as well as the dynamic adsorption for SO2 was determined.These experiments provided the essential parameters for the practical application of FFA-1 material in adsorption of toxic gases.     

A SNIFTIRS STUDY OF THE BENZOQUINONE-BENZOHYDROQUINONE REDOX SYSTEM IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION

The in-situ FTIR spectroscopic results show that a hemi-ketal in-termediate may be produced in the electroreduction of benzoquinone or electro-oxidation of benzohydroquinone,which provides a valuable insight into the me-chanism of the redox process.     

STUDY ON THE PHOTOVOLTAIC EFFECT OF METALLOPORPHYRIN PHOTOELECTRODE IN THE LIQUID JUNCTION CELL

Molccular solid film semi-transparent photoelectrode of mesotetrapheny]porphyrin(TPP) is prepared by coating Nesa glass with TPP and a multi-layer liquid junction photovoltaic cell may be constructed by these electrodes so that high photovoltage or/and high photocurrent may be obtained. This construction is similar in certain respect to the construction of grana of plant chloroplast, and in a word, this electrode provides possible means of simulating photosynthesis. In this paper, the photovoltaic effect of various M-TPP and H_2TPP photoelectrodes have been comparatively studied with such liquid junction cells where M stands for Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, or Zn. From the action spectrum of the photoclectrode, it is shown that the total photoelectric effect of light beam corresponding to the Q-bands, which absorb very weakly, is strong enough even to be comparable with that of blue light absorbed as the B-band with very high molar extinction coefficient. This phenomenon is more rcmarkable for M-TPP as compa     

STUDIES ON THE INITIATION MECHANISM OF CERIC ION AND ACETYLACETONE REDOX SYSTEM IN VINYL POLYMERIZATION

The initiation mechanism of acrylamide (AAM)polymerization using ceric ion/acetylacetone system as an initiator has been studied. The redox polymerization was revealed by the low value of overall activation energy of AAm polymerization. The structure of free radicals formed from above-mentioned initiation sytem were detected by radical trapping and ESR spectra techniques and the end groups of polymers obtained were determined by FT-IR spectra analysis method. Based on these results the initiation mechanism is proposed.     

STUDY ON THE SEPARATION OF GLUTAMIC ACID BY ION—EXCHANGE

The feasibility of recovering glutamic acid by ion exchange method with macroporous resins was investigated.Their adsorption properties in stati state and the effective factors,such as pH,concentration of eeed and the ratio of ammonium ion to glutamic acid,were systematically explored.The best condition of separating glutamic acid from mother liquid were obtained.     

XPS STUDY ON THE ROLE OF CO_2 IN LOW-PRESSURE METHANOL SYNTHESIS

Surface characterization of CuO-ZnO-Al_2O_3 catalysts for low pres-sure methanol synthesis was carried out by using X-ray photoelectron spec-troscopy(XPS)combined with reaction chamber under simulated industrialoperating condition.Under the reduction and reaction conditions,no stableCu~(2+) or Cu~+ ions were found,only Cu~0 species was detected.ZuO could be re-duced with result of forming oxygen-deficient structure ZnO_x(X<1)andoxygen vacancy on the surface.The presence of enough amount of CO_2 infeed gas enhanced copper dispersion.It is believed that highly dispersed Cu~0 in intimate contact with ZnO is one of the active components for methanol syn-thesis and the optimal structure of the active unit is Cu——Zn—O(“□”is oxygen vacancy).It is proposed that the main role of CO_2 is to establish anoxidation potential of syngas so as to accelerate the oxidation-reduction cyclebetween Cu~0 and Cu~(δ+)/or Cu~+ during methanol synthesis as well as to preventCu~0 crystallites from aggregating and thus to maintain the catalyst in high ac-tivity and have long life.     

POTENTIOMETRIC BEHAVIOR OF CHELATING ION EXCHANGE RESIN IN WATER AND IN ETHANOL—WATER MIXTURES

The potentiometric behavior of the chelating ion exchange resin D751 containing iminodiacetic acid groups has been studied at 25℃ by batch titration with alkali and acid in water and in ethanol-water mixture solvent.The titrtion curves,the amount of chemically bound counter-ions and invasive electrolytes in the resin phase,and the solvent contents the resin have been investigated.     

MECHANISTIC STUDY OF POLYNITROCOMPOUNDS BY XPS——MECHANISM OF THE THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF POLYNITROPHENOLS

The subject-matter described in the paper reveals the importance of the hydroxyl groups within the molecules of polynitrophenols in the process of the thermal decomposition as studied by XPS (ESCA). It is evident that theintramolecular charge transfer with drastic change during the time of the thermal decomposition can be envisaged as an indicator capable of following the reaction process. The present work shows that combining with CNDO/2 SCF MO model XPS data allow information to be derived reasonably on the relative stability of nitrogen-containing species left in the surface of the energetic materials during decomposition.     

STUDY ON THE DUCTILE DEFORMATION DOMAIN OF THE SIMPLE SHEAR IN ROCKS——TAKING BRITTLE FAULTS OF THE COVERING STRATA IN THE SOUTHERN JIANGSU AREA AS AN EXAMPLE

A study on the ductile deformation domain of the brittle fault in the shallow level ofthe crust is a new probe field for the modern structural geology. Taking the southern Jiang-su Province area as an example the orientation measurement of quartz crystals, the com-positional texture observation of three pressure sensitive minerals and the rheological param-eter determination of dislocation densities, etc. have been demonstrated and analysed basedon typical samples in the present paper. In addition, their generation mechanisms arealso discussed from the cataclastic rheology, the dynamic differentiation and the simpleshearing, specially, from the Ode strength theory. Finally, a generative relationship betweenthe ductile deformation domain of the brittle fault system, in the regional layer--slip andthe formation of the stratabound ore deposit is shown as well.     

PHENOMENON OF LEFT-RIGHT SHIFTS OF S-SHAPED CURVE——THE EFFECT OF ORGANIC MATTER ON THE CURVES OF ION EXCHANGE pH RANGE

This paper deals with the effect of amino acid and humic acid on the ion exchange ratio (%)-pHS-shaped curves of the interactions between Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and clays. The main results are: (i) Withthe increase of concentration of organic matters, S-shaped curve moves first to the left and then to theright, and △pH-(sh(L)) has a linear relationship with log (OB)_m. (ii) With the extent of a certain amountof organic matter, the sequence of △pH-(sh(L)) of heavy metals is Cu Pb Zn Cd, △pH-(sh(L)) has a linearrelationship with IogK_(OA). (iii) With the existence of different amino acids, the relationship between△pH-(sh(L)) of S-shaped curves of interaction between Cu and illite and IogK_(OA) for Cu and various aminoacids are linear. (iv) Quantitative explanations regarding the experimental phenomenon mentioned abovecan be written as the following equation: pH_((CIER))=-1/m{log[(α_1K_(OA)α_2(OB_m))/K_(RB_m)]?2}.(v) Discussion of the phenomenon of left-right shifts of S-shaped curve in terms of reaction mec     

DIRECT CONVERSION OF METHANE TO METHANOL——THE EFFECT OF SENSITIZERS ON THE YIELD OF METHANOL AND THE KINETIC STUDY

The partial oxidation of methane to methanol was studied. The effectof various homogeneous "sensitizers" on the oxidation of pure methane was e-valuated at 433℃ and under a pressure of 5.0MPa. It was found that CH_3NO_2was the best one among them. A kinetic study in the presence of CH_3NO_2 wascarried out and the reaction mechanism was discussed.     

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE SOL/GEL PHASE TRANSITION OF LINEAR POLYMER IN THE PRESENCE OF CROSSLINKERS

The sol/gel phase diagrams were studied for two systems: polyacrylamide/Cr (III) andpolyacrylamide/glyoxal. Sol or gel phase could be distinguished according to the concen-trations of polymer and crosslinker. The boundary polymer concentration did not de-pend on the types of gelation and decreased with increasing polymer dimension (molecularweight and conformation). The gelation, which is basically interchain bonding, requires theoccurrence of entanglement. The overlap concentration is thus considered as the minimumpolymer concentration required for gelation.     

REDOX VARIATIONS OF THE ANCIENT OCEAN IN THE WESTERN MARGIN OF THE TARIM BASIN——THE EVIDENCE FROM Ce ANOMALIES OF MARINE SHELL FOSSILS

Two episodes of paleoredox fluctuation variation are indicated in some localities in thelate Cretaceous--early Tertiary ocean of western Tarim recorded by REE distribution patterns,Ce anomalies, and Th/U ratios from systematic studies on the chemical composition, withspecial reference to REE and 20 trace elements, based on 11 marine shell fossils occurringin the Upper Cretaceous--Lower Tertiary strata of the western Tarim Basin, Xinjiang. Thefactors Controlling the redox fluctuation may be probably caused by shifting places ofsurface runoff put into the sea as a result of transgression and regression.     

EPR STUDY OF THE FORMATION OF[Li~+O~-]ION PAIR ON Li-DOPED ZnO

In this letter the study of Li-doped zinc oxide by electronparamagnetic resonance method is described.A signal observed atg_=2.013,g_=1.955 on the degassed sample at 923K was designated toF_s~+ centers(surface oxygen ion vacancies with a single trappedelectron).When the sample was quenched from 1003K into liquid oxygenat 77K under 24 KPa O_2,[Li~+O~-] ion pairs valued at g_=2.026 andg=2.003 with superhyperfine constant a=2.0G,which resulted from ~7Linucleus,formed at Li~+-substitutional site in ZnO lattice.A probablemechanism of [Li~+O~-]ion pair formation was proposed.     

THE STUDY OF PHYCOBILIPROTEINS IN Porphyra yezoensis——ASSOCIATION AND DISSOCIATION OF R-PHYCOERYTHRIN

In fresh Porphyra yezoensis, R-phycoerythrin exists mainly as octamer (αβ)_8 with only a small percentage of dimer (αβ)_2.The octamer could be dissociated into dimer in the presence of oxygen and visible light.The dimer was ultracentrifuged in a sucrose linear gradient to obtain the monomer,The monomer could be associated again into dimer.This reversible change between the monomer and dimer of R-phycoerythrin may be attributed to the shift of hydrogen bonds between forms of phycoerythrin molecules.     

THE STUDY OF PHYCOBILIPROTEINS IN Porphyra yezoensis——THE PHYSICAL AND IMMUNO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF R-PHYCOERYTHRIN~*

There are two kinds of phycoerythrin of different physical properties in Porphyra yezoensis. Their molecular weights are different. They are both composed of a-subunit and β-subunit. Their polymeric forms are (αβ)n. The absorption bands and fluorescence emission bands of the smaller molecules show hypsochromic shifts of several rims relative to that of the polymeric molecules. The isoelectric point of the former is lower than that of the latter. It is worthy of note that the smaller molecules display binding activities with guinea pig antisera. Through using radioimmunoassay, when the depression of the biuding activity of ~(125)I-insulin reaches 50%, the required quantity of the smaller molecules of R-phycoerythrin would be ca. 0.1mg, corresponding to ca. 8μ units of insulin used in a parallel experiment (26 units corresponding to 1 mg of insulin).     

STUDY ON THE POLYMERIZATION OF ACRYLONITRILE INITIATED BY POLYPROPYLENE-BASED VANADYL POLYIMIDODIACETATE——THIOUREA REDOX SYSTEM

The present paper deals with the kinetics of polymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) initialed by the redox system of polypropylene-based vanadyi polyimidodiacetate (PV)-thiourea (TU)in aqueous sulfuric acid in the temperature range from 25 to 40℃. The polymerization rate was measured by varying the concentrations of monomer, vanadyl polyimidodiacetate, thiourea and sulfuric acid. The overall rate of polymerization was summarized asRp=2.2×10~5e~(-6.560/RT) [AN]~(1.0)[PV]~(0.50)[TU]~(1.5)[H_2SO_4]~(2.0)The molecular weight of polyacrylonitrile based on the experimental data was:(?)=k 1/T [pv]~(0.50)[TU]~(1.5)[H_2SO_4]~(2.0)These results indicated that the chain radicals are terminated by combination and/or disproportionation rather than chain transfer. The cooperation effect of carboxylic groups and the macromolecular field effect of polymer supporter are the characters of vanadyl polyimidodiacetate such as the case reported in early paper.     

IMMUNOMODULATION OF SYNTHESIZED POLYMERS CONTAINING PHOSPHORUS IN THE BACKBONE —EFFECT ON THE PROLIFERATION OF LYMPHOCYTES

The immunomodulation of several Charged synthetic polymers containing phosphorus in the backbone was studied in vitro through examining their inhibition or promotion effect on the proliferatioin of both T and B lymphocytes,It is found that polymers based on long chain alkyl ester of tyrosine exhibit immunomodulative activity.Negatively charged polymers show stimulative activity on LPS-induced B lymphocytes proliferation.Positively charged polymers exhibit inhibitory activity on both Con A-induced T lymphocytes and LPS-induced B lymplhyocytes proliferation.     

STUDY ON THE INTERACTION OF Se AND ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANE——PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF Se ON THE ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANES

During the ageing of erythrocyte membrane, the spectrin content, Na, K-ATPase activity as well as the lipid fluidity are obviously decreased. However, supplementation of a trace amount of Na_2SeO_3 in the medium could prevent the dissociation of spectrin from membrane and delay the changes of Na, K-ATPase activity and lipid fluidity. The effectiveness is proportional to Se concentration within the range of 0.1—1.0 ppm.Similar effect of supplementation of Se on the intact erythrocytes during ageing has been also observed.The protective action of Se on biomembranes is generally interpreted in terms of the activity of Se-containing glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx). However, GSHPx mainly distributes in the cytoplasma of erythrocytes, therefore it seems that the protective action of supplemented Se on the isolated erythrocyte membrane might not be related to the activity of GSHPx.     

STUDY OF DESCENDING INHIBITORY AND FACILITORY EFFECT OF THE ORBITAL CORTEX ON THE ELECTRICAL DISCHARGES OF MEDIAL GENICULATE BODY (MGB) NEURONS IN RABBITS

Experiments were performed on 16 rabbits immobilized with flaxedil. The recording of spontaneousdischarges and the discharges of single MGB neurons caused by clicks showed that when the cerebral-orbital cortex was stimulated, of 92 MGB neurons responding to clicks, 25 units (27.2%) were inhibited,14 units (15.2%) werw facilitated, and 15 units with spontaneous discharges were completely inhibited.The topographical distribution of stimulated points with such inhibitory and facilitory effect is quite con-centrated on the orbital cortex. Stimulation of two adjacent points of the orbital cortex could respec-tively result in different kinds of inhibitory and facilitory effect on discharges of a same MGB neuron.Due to the existence of this descending effect with a short latent period (2-3 ms), the authors have reasonto believe that there might be an "orbital cortex-MGB" direct pathway. Moreover, application of 2%procaine to block the auditory cortex behind the rhinal sulcus (ACBRS) could abolish the facilitor