一类具年龄结构n维食物链模型的最优收获控制

研究一类具有年龄结构n维食物链模型的最优收获控制.利用不动点定理,证明了系统非负解的存在性和唯一性.由Mazur定理,证明了最优控制策略的存在性,同时由法锥概念的特征刻画,还得到了控制问题最优解存在的必要条件.     

Study of a Tritrophic Food Chain Model with Non-differentiable Functional Response

We study a model of three interacting species in a food chain composed by a prey, an specific predator and a generalist predator. The capture of the prey by the specific predator is modelled as a modified Holling-type II non-differentiable functional response. The other predatory interactions are both modelled as Holling-type I. Moreover, our model follows a Leslie-Gower approach, in which the function that models the growth of each predator is of logistic type, and the corresponding carrying capacities depend on the sizes of their associated available preys. The resulting model has the form of a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations which includes a non-differentiable term. By means of topological equivalences and suitable changes of parameters, we find that there exists an Allee threshold for the survival of the prey population in the food chain, given, effectively, as a critical level for the generalist predator. The dynamics of the model is studied with analytical and computational tools for bifurcation theory. We present two-parameter bifurcation diagrams that contain both local phenomena (Hopf, saddle-node transcritical, cusp, Bogdanov-Takens bifurcations) and global events (homoclinic and heteroclinic connections). In particular, we find that two types of heteroclinic cycles can be formed, both of them containing connections to the origin. One of these cycles is planar involving the absence of the specific predator. In turn, the other heteroclinic cycle is formed by connections in the full three-dimensional phase space.

     

具有两食饵趋向的食物链模型古典解的全局存在性

本文探讨在留曼边界条件下带有两食饵趋向和功能Ⅱ反应函数的三物种食物链模型,此模型的主要特征是捕食者捕食速度空间上的临时变化是由食饵的梯度决定的.应用压缩原理,抛物方程的Schauder估计和Lp估计,证明了此模型古典解的全局存在性.     

一个三种群食物链系统的非线性控制

通过非线性控制系统理论研究了一个三种群食物链控制系统正平衡点的稳定性问题.针对不同的输出,分别得到了系统在该点渐近稳定的控制律.对复杂生物系统控制问题的研究具有一定的参考价值.     

具捕获项的比率依赖型食物链模型周期解的存在性

本文利用重合度理论的延拓定理及分析的技巧讨论了具有两个捕获项的比率依赖型食物链系统周期解的存在性问题,得到至少存在四个周期解的充分条件.     

具有时滞和Ivlev功能反应的食物链模型的研究

建立了一个具有时滞和Ivlev功能性反应的食物链模型.同时选择了一个分支参数τ,分析了发生Hopf分支的情况,得出了Hopf分支发生的条件,并用数值模拟验证了分析结果.     

Between perception and intuition: Learning about infinity

Based on an empirical study, we explore children’s primary and secondary perceptions on infinity. When discussing infinity, children seem to highlight three categories of primary perceptions: processional, topological, and spiritual. Based on their processional perception, children see the set of natural numbers as being infinite and endow Q with a discrete structure by making transfers from N to Q. In a continuous context, children are more likely to mobilize a topological perception. Evidence for a secondary perception of N arises from students’ propensities to develop infinite sequences of natural numbers, and from their ability to prove that N is infinite. Children’s perceptions on infinity change along the school years. In general, the perceptual dominance moves from sequential (processional) to topological across development. However, we found that around 11-13 years old, processional and topological perceptions interfere with each other, while before and after this age they seem to coexist and collaborate, one or the other being specifically activated by the nature of different tasks.     

具有多时滞的食物链系统的Hopf分支

讨论了具有时滞的食物链模型,首先我们得到了系统永久持续生存的条件,然后讨论系统在正平衡点附近发生Hopf分支的存在性;最后利用数值模拟证明所得结论.     

一类具有阶段结构的食物链系统

研究了一类具有阶段结构的食物链模型,分析了系统平衡点的稳定性,运用数值模拟展示了系统周期性振动,混沌等复杂的动力学行为,并分析了阶段结构对系统复杂行为的影响.     

Dynamical Behavior of a Stochastic Nutrient-Plankton Food Chain Model with L\''{e}vy Jumps

In aquatic ecosystem, plankton populations are easily affected by environmental fluctuations due to the unpredictability of many physical factors. To better understand how environmental fluctuations influence plankton populations, in this paper, we propose and investigate a stochastic nutrient-plankton food chain model with L$\acute{\rm e}$vy jumps. Firstly, by constructing a suitable Lyapunov function, we prove that the stochastic model has a unique global positive solution for any given positive initial value. Then, we establish sufficient conditions for the persistence and extinction of plankton. Finally, we provide some numerical simulations to illustrate the analytical results.     

具有群体防卫能力简单食物链的Hopf分歧

本文考虑一类简单食物链模型,其中被捕食者对于第一捕食者具有群体防卫能力.并且应用Hopf分歧理论讨论了该模型产生分歧的条件;证明了中心流形的存在性;得到了小振幅周期解的渐近表达式和稳定性判据.     

具有偏好锥的链式网络DEA模型

对链式网络DEA模型进行推广,将"偏好锥"引入网络DEA模型.针对中间产出重要性以及决策者评价时的偏好,建立带有产出锥和投入锥相应的两阶段生产可能集,对具有"偏好锥"的链式网络DEA模型,证明了决策单元为网络DEA有效的充要条件,给出了网络DEA有效性与各阶段弱DEA有效性的关系.另外,文章结合具体算例说明了偏好锥的变化对效率评价的影响.关于两阶段的模型以及相关结论可以推广到多阶段网络结构.     

基于现货市场的供应链博弈模型

构建了现货市场价格及市场需求均不确定的供应链博弈模型,分析了风险中性供应商的批发价决策、风险厌恶制造商的采购决策,证明博弈均衡存在且唯一。通过解析分析及数值实验探讨了风险态度、现货价格和需求波动及其相关性对供应链博弈的影响。结果表明:1)制造商因规避风险会减小采购,这降低了供应链总效用;2)现货市场存在时制造商会减小向供应商采购的数量,这降低了供应商的利润,但提高了供应链总效用;3)现货价格与市场需求的相关关系让供应商掌握主动,但会降低制造商及整个供应链的绩效。     

具有Monod-Haldane功能反应的一类食物链模型的动力学行为

该文研究了一个由食饵种群、捕食者种群和杂食者种群所构成的食物链系统, 其捕食功能反应为Monod-Haldane功能反应. 应用定性分析和Hopf分支理论, 得到了该系统边界平衡点的全局稳定性和周期解存在性的判别准则. 为了概括和归类这个系统的全局动力学行为,该文得到了具有不同动力学行为的参数区域. 应用MATLAB软件,该文提供了一个例子来展示这些结论, 并且表明: 这个系统能够产生非常复杂的动力学行为.     

基于供应商视角的提前订货协调研究

本文针对一个供应商和零售商组成的供应链系统,主要研究零售商如何设计提前订货折扣来吸引顾客提前订货;而供应商如何根据市场需求的不确定性,设计零售商提前订货资金的付款时间等问题。在供应商-Stackelberg框架下,以期望利润为目标,建立了相应的决策模型。通过对模型的分析求解,给出了不同市场环境下供应商要求零售商支付提前订货资金的策略。最后,用算例验证了模型和理论分析的可行性。     

具有模糊需求的闭环供应链网络均衡

利用模糊事件的可信性测度理论、变分不等式理论建立了具有模糊需求的闭环供应链网络均衡模型,其中闭环供应链网络中的制造/再制造工厂存在产能约束,消费市场存在商品限制性价格上限.设计了求解闭环供应链网络均衡解的投影收缩算法,结合数值算例分析了产能约束与限制性价格上限对闭环供应链网络均衡解的影响.结果表明:消费市场中的商品会发生短缺,如果政府对竞争市场实行限制性价格上限,尤其当存在产能约束时商品短缺会更为严重.     

提前期可控的二级供应链库存模型

针对单个生厂商单个销售商组成的二级供应链系统,当生厂商采取批量生产等量运输策略时,假定提前期可控且可通过追加成本缩短提前期,建立了一个拥有不同再订购点的一体化随机库存模型.最后给出求解模型最优解的迭代算法,并以实例验证模型和算法的有效性.     

An Interactive Multigoal Programming Model for Determining Livestock Rations: an Application to Dairy Cows in Andalusia,Spain

This paper addresses an important problem in the field of livestock ration formulation: the rigidity of the right-hand sides of the model. Thus, instead of considering the nutritional requirements as fixed values they are considered as targets which may or may not be achieved. In this way a multigoal programming model is formulated. The preferences of the ration-formulator are elicited resorting to the interactive method proposed by Zionts and Wallenius. The approach proposed is applied to a ration formulation problem for dairy cows in the Pedroches Valley in Andalusia, Spain.     

基于再制造的多周期闭环供应链网络均衡模型

针对单周期模型在刻画废旧产品回收和再制造过程中的局限性,以多周期的再制造闭环供应链网络为研究对象,利用均衡理论和变分不等式的方法构建了基于再制造的多周期闭环供应链网络均衡模型,得到了制造商和零售商及整个供应链网络的均衡条件及其经济解释,并分析了均衡解的唯一性条件。针对所建立的模型,利用Euler算法进行了算例分析,说明了潜在市场份额对供应链成员决策的影响。