激光诱导荧光光谱识别动脉粥样硬化斑块的研究

采用氩离子激光为激发光源,分别研究了离体正常动脉壁、动脉粥样硬化斑块和血液等的激光诱导荧光光谱.结果表明,正常动脉壁样品组的荧光光谱强度最大值明显高于动脉粥样硬化斑块样品组;斑块的荧光光谱在516 nm处存在一个小波谷,而正常动脉组织的荧光光谱则无此波谷;斑块组织在598 nm处与578 nm处的荧光强度比值R(I₅₉₈ nm/I₅₇₈ nm)远低于正常动脉壁的比值;血红蛋白含量是引起粥样斑块与正常动脉壁的R(I₅₉₈ nm/I₅₇₈ nm)值不同的主要原因.     

NO激光诱导荧光对高焓气流温度的测量

由于真实气体效应,高超声速流场的研究仍然依赖于大量的实验.流场温度是实验的重要参数,目前只能通过具有非入侵性质的光学测量手段获得,然而,由于多方面的难题,鲜有对高焓流场参数测量的报道.文章介绍了利用激光诱导荧光（laser-induced fluorescence,LIF）技术对JF-10氢氧爆轰激波风洞产生的高焓实验气流温度的测量工作.搭建了用于脉冲式风洞的LIF测量系统,使用了NO分子作为荧光组分.因为高焓流场实验条件苛刻,本实验对传统的激光设置进行了调整,使用了平行于拍摄方向的竖直平面激光激发NO,使荧光信号更为集中,获得了清晰的LIF图像.利用双线测温法（two-line thermometry,TLT）测量高焓自由流中NO分子的转动温度,从而确定气流的平转温度.测量结果表明,JF-10实验气流的平转温度为600 K.      

激光诱导荧光光谱快速检测食源性致病菌

近年来,由微生物污染引起的食品安全问题对人类健康构成威胁.微生物的快速检测对食品安全具有重要意义.目前,微生物快速检测技术存在操作困难,成本高的不足.激光诱导荧光光谱(L IFS)具有灵敏度高、操作方便、设备相对便宜等优点,为微生物的快速检测提供了一种潜在技术.利用便携式405 nm激光激发三种常见食源性致病菌(粪肠球...     

多波长激光诱导荧光麦卢卡蜂蜜掺杂分类识别

麦卢卡蜂蜜产自新西兰,具有很强的抗菌及抗氧化作用,其售价较高,近年来掺假事件时有发生,利用激光诱导荧光技术对掺杂糖浆的麦卢卡蜂蜜进行分类识别研究。选用266, 355, 405和450 nm四种常用激光作为激发源,选择三种品牌的新西兰进口麦卢卡蜂蜜(编号A, B, C)中掺杂烘焙糖浆作为实验样品,掺杂比例为0%～90%,间隔10%;每个激发波长下每种样本溶液重复测试60次,共7 200组数据。光谱数据首先进行荧光波段截取、平滑及归一化等预处理;然后随机选取80%的数据做训练集,20%的数据做测试集;对训练集数据使用主成分分析(PCA)结合线性判别分析(LDA)做数据降维;最后对降维后的数据分别建立K最近邻(KNN)和支持向量机(SVM)分类模型,对测试集数据进行分类识别,重复进行50次随机分组及分类识别后对得到的分类识别率求平均值及标准差。实验分析结果表明,激发光波长对最终识别结果影响较大,266 nm激发的荧光光谱分类识别正确率最高,三种麦卢卡蜂蜜掺杂溶液的分类识别率均能达到98.5%以上,最高能达100%; 355和405 nm激发的分类识别效果次之,所有样品的分类识别率均大于92...     

便携式激光诱导荧光检测器的研制

采用共聚焦光学结构,并用激光二极管泵浦固体激光器作为激发光源,研制出一种小型荧光检测系统,该系统采用模块化结构,具有何种小,成本低,灵敏度高,易操作等优点,若适配检测池模块可满足不同的分离体系。     

Slow pyrolysis of wood particles: Characterization of volatiles by Laser-Induced Fluorescence

For a better understanding of the complex processes involved in slow pyrolysis of thermally thick wood particles it is essential to know the composition of the gaseous mixture leaving the pyrolyzing particle. In this work the volatiles in the pyrolysis product gas are characterized by means of in situ Laser-Induced Fluorescence. The results indicate that there are secondary heterogeneous cracking reactions of the primary and secondary tar species occurring in spherical beech wood particles with 25 mm diameter at conversions higher than approximately 0.6 and at heating rates of 0.3 K/s and 0.2 K/s. For pyrolysis of smaller beech wood particles of 0.5–1 mm size complete conversion was achieved without indications of secondary reactions at a heating rate of 0.3 K/s. In order to correctly model the composition of the gas mixture leaving a pyrolyzing wood particle, it may therefore be necessary to consider intra-particle heterogeneous cracking reactions.     

含有光敏剂的人体皮肤的激光诱导荧光光谱分析

利用血红蛋白在578nm处有吸收峰以及在光动力疗法治疗鲜红斑痣过程中病变区血液含量减少的特性,根据测得的含有光敏剂的皮肤层激光诱导荧光光谱,计算了皮肤层光敏剂的荧光强度随时间的变化关系。通过光谱处理计算了624nm处光敏剂血卟啉(HpD)的荧光峰值强度。分析和计算结果表明,皮肤层中的血液含量的减少导致新的荧光光谱峰(578nm处)的产生,新荧光峰的产生造成624nm处荧光强度的增大,因此必须排除这种影响才能得到皮肤层由光敏剂产生的荧光强度。由光谱处理结果得到治疗过程中病变区光敏剂荧光强度的变化曲线。     

Using Laser-Induced Fluorescence in the Study of Surface Wave Turbulence

The turbulent motion of capillary surface waves is studied using laser-induced fluorescence. A blue laser is focused onto the surface of a solution of fluorescein in water contained in a vertically shaken vessel. The movement of the resulting green spot is followed by a position-sensitive detector. The scaling behavior and cross-over phenomenon for the surface-height-frequency spectrum observed provide direct support to the weak turbulence theory of surface waves.     

A Laser-Induced Fluorescence Study of the Visible Spectrum of Rhodium Monoxide

A first analysis of an electronic spectrum of RhO is presented. The molecular species has been produced in a jet-cooled molecular beam following reaction in a laser ablation plasma. Laser excitation spectra have been recorded between 600 and 640 nm at 200 MHz resolution. Two transitions have been identified of ²Π_r(a)-X⁴Σ⁻(b) type and six subbands have been rotationally analyzed, four being (0,0) components. Molecular parameters for the X⁴Σ ⁻ state are B₀=0.41320 cm⁻¹, λ₀=−0.5733 cm⁻¹, γ₀=−0.10276 cm⁻¹, and r₀=0.1717 nm. An analysis of the hyperfine structure involving the ¹⁰³Rh nucleus has been made. It shows that the ground state of RhO conforms to Hund's coupling case b_βJ with b=− 0.0203 cm⁻¹. Hyperfine effects in the excited states are negligible.     

Laser-Induced Fluorescence Imaging and Spectroscopy of GFP Transgenic Plants

Green fluorescent protein (GFP) and other fluorescent protein bioreporters can be used to monitor transgenes in plants. GFP is a valuable marker for transgene presence and expression, but remote sensing instrumentation for stand-off detection has lagged behind fluorescent protein marker biotechnology. However, both biology and photonics are needed for the monitoring technology to be fully realized. In this paper, we describe laser-induced fluorescence imaging and laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy of GFP-transgenic plants in ambient light towards the application of remote sensing of transgenic plants producing GFP.     

农田土壤水分含量的激光诱导荧光光谱表征

通过实验探讨了植物的激光诱导叶绿素荧光光谱与土壤水分间的关系。实验利用Y-形光纤探头获取了植物在450 nm LED光源照射下所发出的叶绿素荧光光谱,同时利用TDR传感器测量土壤湿度。实验以水稻为研究对象,研究了在持续水分胁迫和间歇水分胁迫下,叶绿素荧光光谱743 nm附近波峰的变化,结果发现,波峰强度与土壤水分含量具有相关性。最后,利用Lorentzian方程,将持续水分胁迫下的土壤含水量与叶绿素荧光强度进行建模,发现所建的模型具有较高的决定系数,说明该方法可以应用于农业生产中对土壤水分的测量。     

模拟溢油样品激光诱导荧光光谱的偏振特性研究

激光诱导荧光是海洋溢油探测的有效手段之一,但该技术的应用易受自然水体中叶绿素、CDOM等物质荧光信号的干扰。为了寻求排除自然水体荧光干扰的方法,基于532 nm连续激光器搭建了激光诱导偏振荧光实验装置,并针对六种不同密度的模拟溢油样品和自然水体开展了荧光光谱偏振特性研究。实验结果发现,与自然水体的荧光光谱不具有明显的偏振特性不同,所有模拟溢油样品的诱导荧光均具有明显的偏振特性,这一结论说明激光诱导荧光光谱的偏振特性可以作为排除叶绿素、CDOM等物质荧光干扰的依据。实验还发现,溢油样品的荧光偏振性质因样品种类而异。在线偏振光激发下,原油样品荧光偏振度随波长逐渐降低,其中重质原油样品偏振度降低幅度最大,轻质原油样品幅度最小,而柴油样品荧光偏振度没有明显变化;当周期性改变激发光的偏振状态时,所有模拟溢油样品的荧光偏振度随之发生趋势相同的周期性波动,中质样品荧光偏振度波动的幅度低于重质样品,但明显超过轻质样品。这一结果说明,模拟溢油样品诱导荧光偏振度的波长变化特性及对激发光偏振态的响应特性均与样品密度存在一定关联,其偏振特性可以作为辅助油种识别的重要参量。     

多元线性回归提高激光诱导荧光辅助激光诱导击穿光谱技术的准确度

冶金、核工业、污染检测和环境监测等领域对元素分析的需求是必不可少.激光诱导击穿光谱技术作为一种新型的原子光谱分析技术,具有实时快速、对样品几乎无损、可多元素同时分析等特点,因此一直受到广泛的关注.但其分析灵敏度较差的缺点一直限制着该技术的发展.激光诱导荧光辅助激光诱导激光光谱技术能够通过激光共振激发提高分析灵敏度并高效...     

原油样品激光诱导荧光的时间分辨光谱特性研究

为探索激光诱导时间分辨荧光光谱技术应用于海洋悬浮溢油原位探测的可行性,对来自胜利油田六个不同井区不同密度的原油样品的时间分辨荧光光谱进行了探测分析。结果发现,各原油样品荧光发射的持续时间基本相同,从ICCD中数字延时发生器(DDG)的输入延时52 ns开始,到输入延时82 ns左右结束,各原油样品的荧光峰强度随时间变化曲线的半高宽约10 ns;不同原油样品的最强荧光峰位及其衰减寿命不尽相同,并且与样品密度有一定相关性,密度相近的原油具有相近的最强荧光峰位和相似的荧光寿命。对比六种原油样品的时间分辨荧光光谱发现,在荧光增强时,原油荧光光谱峰位不变,当荧光从最大强度开始衰减时,六种原油样品的荧光光谱峰位均出现了不同程度(17~30 nm)的红移现象,这一定程度上反映出原油中各荧光组分的荧光衰减速率存在差异,或者存在荧光组分之间的能量传递。所观测到的原油密度相关的时间分辨光谱信息和荧光峰红移现象可望成为水下悬浮溢油识别的有效特征之一。     

激光诱导荧光技术测量OH自由基的建立和研究

氢氧自由基（ＯＨ）在对流层大气化学中起着重要的作用,因此,对其浓度的测量具有重要意义。本文利用气体扩张激光诱导荧光技术（ＦＡＧＥ）建立了ＯＨ测定系统,对其进行了标定,得到归一化荧光信号（Ｓ）与ＯＨ自由基浓度的较好的相关关系,并对可能存在的干扰进行了分析。     

由激光诱导荧光方法探测光碎片分子取向的理论研究

采用密度矩阵方法 ,推导了从激光诱导荧光 (LIF)强度中抽出光碎片取向参数的表达式 .光碎片的取向由分子态多极矩描述 .用于解离母分子和激发碎片分子的激光均为线偏振光 ,而探测荧光为非偏振光 .激光诱导荧光强度是光碎片分子初始态多极矩、线强度因子和解离—激发几何因子的函数 .光碎片的取向参数可以由测量荧光偏振比和计算动力学因子而获得     

The Sensitization Effect in the Laser-Induced Infrared Fluorescence Spectroscopy by Addition of SF6. II

The sensitization effect in the IR-F spectroscopy by addition of SF₆ was investigated in case of acetone as a sample. We kept the partial pressure of acetone constant, varied that of SF₆, and investigated the variations of the degree of sensitization. The experimental data shows that the degree of sensitization increases steeply and is saturated as the partial pressure of SF₆ becomes higher. The results were examined in terms of the kinetics of the intra-and intermolecular energy transfer involved in the emission of infrared radiation in question.     

激光诱导荧光探测水体中溶解有机物浓度

用Nd∶YAG激光器的三倍频355 nm光作为激发光源,根据激光诱导荧光（LIF）方法激发并探测污染水体的荧光光谱.通过对荧光光谱的分析处理研究归一化荧光强度,即450 nm处水中溶解有机物（DOM）峰与405 nm处水的拉曼峰的比值,反演溶解有机物浓度.用商品腐殖酸和去离子水配置成已知浓度的溶液代替标准DOM溶液进行标定,得到回归方程.结果证明,DOM的归一化荧光强度与水体中DOM浓度有较好的线性关系,因此LIF方法是对大面积水域水质进行动态遥测的较理想方法.     

Fluorescence of the Polymethine Dye Tiks and Diagnostics af Cancer

It is shown that the fluorescence of the polymethine dye TIKS, whose absorption and fluorescence bands are located in the spectral region of transmission of biological tissues, can be recorded from a depth of up to 1.5 cm of an animal's body. The intensity of the fluorescence recorded from the surface of the animal's body in intravenous injection of the dye (1–2 mg/kg) is in direct proportion to its concentration in tumor nodes and muscles. In rapidly growing tumors, a high (up to 3.6) degree of contrast of the content of the dye is attained in tumor tissues as compared to the surrounding normal tissues. Over the course of 7 days after the injection, the dye is practically completely removed from both the tumor and normal muscular tissues. From the change in the fluorescence intensity in scanning the surface one can determine the regions of localization of tumor nodes against the background of the surrounding normal tissues and the presence of regions with a nonuniform distribution of the dye.     

Laser-Induced Infrared Fluorescence of Ozone. Application to Remote Sensing

Over the past several years studies of laser induced infrared fluorescence have been reported.^1-5 These studies were carried out on about fifty compounds. Many of the compounds absorbed the laser radiation and fluoresced strongly. Some of these compounds; such as methane, nitromethane, chloroform, carbon disulfide, nitrous oxide, and sulfur dioxide; did not appreciably absorb at the laser wavelength (10.6 microns). Nevertheless it was found that they fluoresced, although, at a relatively low intensity.