The impact on the X-ray phase contrast imaging clarity of the light source area

Based on the partially coherent optical theory, a new theoretical model is established about the X-ray light source radius of X-ray phase contrast imaging system. Through the integral phase contrast modulation transfer function, a comprehensive analysis about the light source radius is made. Then the light source radius selection methods are investigated. Finally, an actual imaging experiment is shown to confirm the choice method of light source radius in X-ray phase contrast imaging system.     

基于弱相干光的实际QKD系统的安全性研究

实际量子密钥分发系统使用的单光子源主要是由弱激光脉冲经衰减得到。它不是理想单光子源而是服从泊松分布的准单光子源。每个非空光脉冲中包含多光子的概率不为零,强大的窃听者可利用此获得一些关于最终密钥的信息。因此,有必要研究实际QKD系统的安全性。采用对多光子进行分束窃听、单光子最佳攻击相结合的方案,用Shannon信息理论分析了基于弱相干光的实际QKD系统的安全性。研究结果表明实际QKD系统对于分束窃听和最佳攻击是安全的,并给出合法通信双方在该攻击方案下所容忍的误码率上限。     

抛物面镜系统的光学图像处理

讨论了抛物面镜的变换特性;提出用一个凹抛物面反射镜组成光学图像处理系统,进行了相干光,部分相干光和白光的若干光学图像处理实验,证明了系统的可行性,并对系统的实用意义作了若干讨论.     

偏光干涉对光纤陀螺性能的影响

从光纤陀螺光学系统缺陷角度,研究了由于光纤陀螺保偏光纤融接误差及光学器件的不完善引起的偏光干涉效应,理论分析并实验研究了偏光干涉效应对传输光谱的影响及其对光纤陀螺性能的影响。研究表明,在当前的技术条件下,偏光干涉效应对光纤陀螺的标度因数影响可以忽略,偏光干涉不影响一般意义下的光源相干长度,但是却导致光源相干特性的变化,反应在相干图上出现了多个干涉衬比度峰值,这会降低宽谱光源的短相干长度特性给光纤陀螺带来的好处,由此也说明不能仅由相干长度这一个参量描述光源的相干特性。     

一种基于光学干涉原理的图像分割方法

 介绍了基于光学干涉原理的图像分割理论算法。在计算机上模拟一个均匀相干光源、一个滤波器和一个接收屏。选择强度 相位的转换曲线，将输入图像的强度信息转化成伪相位信息，并显示在滤波器上。利用光源照明滤波器上的相位图，在接收屏上得到其干涉条纹。再通过选择阈值对干涉图进行分割得到二值图，从而实现输入图像的边缘分割。计算结果表明，该方法得到的图像轮廓，与Sobel 算子效果相当。与实验结果对比分析可得，改善硬件并实现良好的分割效果的关键在于：控制光源的相干长度，或增大液晶的点阵间隔，并利用CCD相机和计算机相连，对干涉图进行二值化。     

光源对相干层析系统特性的影响

在分析相干层析系统成像机理的基础上，从理论上研究了光源对系统成像特性的影响，在考虑干涉条纹的强度用概率函数处理的条件下，由分析得出相干层析成像系统相当于一个复振幅的线性空间不变系统，从而给出相干函数和光源的功率谱密度之间的关系。通过对使用不同光源的系统相干传递函数比较，得出了采用具有较大线宽的低相干光源，系统的空间分辨率更好，可使测量更精确的结论。本文的工作为光学相干层析成像系统的优化设计提供了理论依据。     

扩展光源对微型FTIR光谱复原的影响分析

分析了基于多级微反射镜的傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR-FOurier transform infrared spectrometer)中扩展光源对光谱复原的影响,计算了干涉强度与光源立体角之间的关系.分析表明,扩展光源存在的立体角导致系统的相干长度变短,光谱分辨率降低.当扩展光源的立体角小于0.001时,系统的分辨率...     

Slow light using wave mixing in liquid crystal light valve

By performing optical two-wave mixing in a liquid crystal light valve, we are able to slow down optical pulses to group velocities as slow as a few tenths of mm/s, corresponding to a very large group index. We present experiment and model of the slow light process occurring in liquid crystal light valves. The large group index corresponds to having a large sensitivity for phase variations, a property that can be used to increase the sensitivity of Fourier transform interferometer. We show that when a liquid crystal light valve is inserted in a Mach–Zehnder interferometer, the effect of frequency perturbations at the input of the system is amplified by a factor related to the group delay.     

Analysis of Three-Dimensional Large Screen Display Using Polymer-Dispersed Liquid-Crystal Light Valves and a Schlieren Optical System

The performance of a novel three-dimensional (3-D) image projector with polarized glasses is analyzed that consists of polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal light valves and a Schlieren optical system. The cross-talk and the extinction-ratio characteristics of the new 3-D display have been calculated by means of Mueller matrices. Quantitative analyses show that the proposed display achieves small cross talk of less than 1% and sufficient extinction ratio almost the same as the light valve.     

Fiber-optic techniques for generating and detecting ultrasonic waves for quantitative NDE

This paper describes a method that uses pulsed laser light and coherent light interferometry in a fiber-optic-based system for non-contact generation and detection of ultrasound. Fiber-optic bundles are used to construct a rugged and versatile system to deliver geometrically conditioned, high-energy laser pulses capable of generating ultrasonic signals. In addition, an actively stabilized, multi-channel fiber-optic interferometric system for detecting these signals is described.     

Conditional Detection of Fluctuations of Light from an Optical Cavity with One Atom

Fluctuations of light provide a window on the underlying quantum dynamical evolution of the source emitting light. Emission of a photon by a source signals quantum fluctuations in progress. Hence a measurement that is conditioned upon a photodetection allows us to follow the time evolution of the fluctuations and the framework of conditioned measurements provides a powerful conceptual tool for understanding nonclassical features of quantum dynamics. We discuss the connection between quantum dynamics and photon fluctuations in terms of conditional measurements of intensity and field quadratures of light from a single atom in an optical cavity. Using the Fokker- Planck equation for a single atom in a high-Q cavity, we describe the light from the cavity in terms of Gaussian random variables and a coherent component. These are used to study conditional measurements of intensity and quadrature squeezing. It is found that when the coherent component is completely removed conditional light intensity shows large fluctuations, whereas conditional squeezing exhibits strong nonclassical behavior. Indeed both field quadratures exhibit nonclassical behavior. On the other hand a small coherent component results in a sizable reduction in intensity fluctuations and small squeezing.     

Apparent transfer function for partially coherent optical information processing

In this paper, the general formulations of the apparent transfer function for the partially coherent optical processor will be derived. Although these formulas show that the apparent transfer function is dependent upon the degree of spatial and temporal coherence, there is actually more variability in the spatial coherence. We note that the obtained formulas may also be used as a criterion in the selection of source size and spectral bandwidth of an incoherent light source. Thus a specific optical information processing operation can be carried out with an incoherent source.     

Efficiency of second harmonic generation for partially coherent light in anisotropic crystals

This paper analyzes the second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency of light with partial temporal coherence due to depolarization effects in birefringent media. It discusses relations between SHG efficiency fading, light source spectrum, crystal birefringence, and phase matching conditions. The efficiency of SHG pumped by the partially coherent light beam that may depolarize light in nonlinear birefringent crystal is also analyzed. The basic theory of SHG with its modification for partially coherent light with depolarization and some numerical calculations of the SHG process are described. Presented at 9-th International Workshop on Nonlinear Optics Applications, NOA 207, May 17–20, 2007, Świnoujście, Poland     

Parallel frequency-domain optical coherence tomography scatter-mode imaging of the hamster cheek pouch using a thermal light source

We use a parallel frequency-domain optical coherence tomography (FDOCT) system to generate a scatter-mode image of the hamster cheek pouch epithelium. To our knowledge, this is the first optical coherence tomography (OCT) image of a biological sample obtained using a thermal light source in the frequency domain. The system employs an imaging spectrometer to acquire depth-resolved profiles from adjacent spatial points without the need for any scanning. To enable this imaging modality, we have considered that signals originating from multiple depths combine in a different manner in FDOCT compared to time-domain optical coherence tomography (TDOCT). Because a multicomponent FDOCT signal is a coherent sum, it is necessary to limit the number of modes that contribute to the detected signal. Conversely, multicomponent TDOCT signals can be represented as incoherent sums, where increasing the number of modes improves the signal.     

Development of a high-power deep-ultraviolet continuous-wave coherent light source for laser cooling of silicon atoms

We developed a deep-UV single-mode coherent light source through two-stage highly efficient frequency conversions by use of external cavities. In the first stage, second-harmonic power of 500 mW was obtained by frequency doubling of a 746-nm Ti:sapphire laser with a conversion efficiency of 40%. In the second stage, 50-mW power at ~252nm was obtained by doubly resonant sum-frequency mixing of 373-nm light from the first-stage conversion and 780-nm light from a diode laser. The output performance of this deep-UV light source is sufficient for laser cooling of neutral silicon atoms.     

光纤气体传感器解调方法的研究

利用可调谐激光光谱技术并结合二次谐波检测的波长调制方法对气体浓度进行检测,大大提高了检测灵敏度.然而光的传输和电路自身延时都会产生未知的相位延时,含有气体浓度信息的被测信号和二倍频参考信号的相位差变化严重影响二次谐波信号测量结果.本文设计出一种4路乘法锁相解调电路,设计中分别用正弦信号和余弦信号对被测信号进行解调,经积分电路后得到两路分别与相位差的正弦值和余弦值相关的解调信号.将两路解调信号平方,再通过加法器相加后消除相位差,得到完全与相位差无关的幅值信号.实验证明当被测信号相位在0°—90°变化时,解调 关键词： 可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱 波长调制 解调电路 相位差     

Degenerate three-level cascade laser with the cavity mode driven by coherent light

We present the quantum statistical properties of the light produced by a degenerate three-level cascade laser with the cavity mode driven by coherent light. In this system three-level atoms in a cascade configuration, initially prepared in a coherent superposition of the top and bottom levels, are injected into a cavity coupled a vacuum reservoir. We find that although the driving coherent light has no effect on the degree of squeezing, it increases the mean photon number considerably. Therefore, this quantum optical system can be taken as a source of a bright squeezed light.     

Illumination with a moving light source

Image formation is discussed under the condition that an object is illuminated with a moving light source and a time-averaged image is observed. An optical system with such illumination works as if the object were illuminated with spatially, partially coherent light from a certain fixed source.     

相干模表示的部分相干高斯-谢尔光束的相位-空间积

与传统的相干激光光束的评价不同,对部分相干光束质量进行评价时,不仅要反映其远场发散特性,而且还要能体现光源本身的部分相干性。根据部分相干光的相干模表示法,推导了由部分相干光源所产生光束的相位一空间积Q。与前人在相干光源情形下得到的结论相比,得出的相位一空简积Q不仅包含各个全相干模基元线性组合的贡献,而且还有来自不同的全相干模基元之间相互作用的贡献。     

非相干成象系统的空间滤波

本文用相干理论阐明了具有非相干光照明的光学系统成像的物理过程,在入瞳或出瞳的参考球面上找出了对应于各种不同空间频率的相干区。在指出非相干成像系统传递函数物理本性的基础上,提出了改变系统传递函数曲线的可能性,从而能使一般光学系统具有在频率域处理输入信号的能力。 关键词：