Integral Representations of Increments of Stochastic Processes

A formulation is presented in which the increment of a stochastic process is represented as an integral of the derivative of the process. It is shown that this representation is an alternative to the more common approach of writing equations for the differentials of stochastic processes. A possible advantage of the integral formulation is that its reliance on derivatives, rather than differentials, makes the operations of stochastic calculus more closely resemble those of ordinary deterministic calculus. This similarity to well-known mathematics may serve to make stochastic calculus accessible to a broader audience than in the past. The integral formulation is herein shown to be compatible with the Itô differential rule for non-Gaussian processes and is used to describe the increment of the nonstationary response of a system governed by a vector stochastic equation with parametric delta-correlated excitation.     

缝合复合材料层板刚度预报

提出了缝合复合材料层板的刚度预报模型,该模型考虑了缝合针脚处的孔洞对刚度的影响,描述了缝合孔洞的几何形态,建立了孔洞形态与纤维弯曲的关系,采用平均刚度法和经典层合板理论进行了刚度预报,获得了与试验数据相吻合的预报结果,表明了该模型的有效性,详细探讨了缝合孔洞对缝合层板刚度的影响规律,得到一些有益结论。     

大学物理《力学》中的自由度分析

对《力学》中的物体自由度进行多方面分析,以深化教学、提高学生正 确分析物理问题的能力.使用实际教学分析的研究方法,在《力学》范围内讨论自由度与坐标、 自由与约束的关系并得以下结论: (1) 同一物体的自由度随其所在的``空间'不同而不同, 不因坐标系的选取不同而 异, 在同类参考系中不因参考系的动静而有别;(2)自由度遵循叠加原理. 讨论了质点系的总自由度及相关计算问题,并指出研究《力学》中自由度的意义.     

Torsional rigidity of shells of revolution

In this paper, the general equations of equilibrium for axisymmetrical deformation including the torsional deformation of revolutional shells are derived. It is shown that the shearing stress distribution due to torsion is independent of other stress components including those of membrane stress and bending stress. In this paper, the torsional deformation is considered to be represented by membrane action only, and also by the combined action of bending membrane deformation. It is shown that the main contribution of torsional rigidity is that related to membrane action.     

The velocity of the collective motion of sedimentation of sand and clay

In this article.we shall discuss the velocity of the col-lective motion of sedimentation when the concentration ofclay particles is very high.we believe that the problemof the so-called velocity of the collective motion of sedi-mentation is not a real problem of sedimentation in physi-cal nature.but it is a problem of filtration in the porousmedium which is composed of colloidal clusters.That is tosay,those clusters consist of water and clay particles.Itis a problem of the water passing through the porous medium.Based upon this consideration.we put down the mathematicalexpression of the velocity of the collective motion of se-dimentation.In comparing with the theoretical curves withthe experimental data of the Institute of Hydraulic Research,of the Yellow River Conservancy Commission,we get congruousresults.     

Physicomathematical modeling of the processes of capillary impregnation of porous materials

The process of capillary impregnation of porous materials is studied numerically. A physicomathematical model of liquid diffusion in a porous sample is proposed. The model involves an analytical presentation of the diffusion coefficient, which describes available experimental data. A method of solving one-dimensional unsteady problems of impregnation is developed and tested on a self-similar solution of the corresponding boundary-value problem of impregnation. If the impregnation process is sufficiently long, the motion of the liquid in the sample is described by a stable self-similar solution. A classification of moisture diffusion on the basis of the initial humidity on the sample boundary is proposed. __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 50, No. 1, pp. 42–51, January–February, 2009.     

Characterisation of flowability of cohesive powders by testing small quantities of weak compacts

Characterisation of flowability of small quantifies of cohesive powders is of great industrial interest, particularly for the pharmaceutical sec tors, where a limited amount of material is available or the material is not easily accessible. In this paper, ball indentation on a powder bed is evaluated for flow charaeterisation of small quantifies of cohesive powders at low levels of consolidation pressures. In parallel, the bulk powder is subjected to the common test method of unconfined direct compression. Analogous to indentation hardness testing, for which the indentation pressure is related to the flow stress, a constraint factor (C) is defined relating the unconfined yield stress and indentation pres sure. The constraint factors for the test powders have been evaluated, enabling an easy method to characterize the flow behaviour of cohesive powders.     

梳齿式微机械加速度计静态模型的辨识

讨论了一种梳齿式微机械加速度计的静态模型。从加的静态输入入手，求得加速度计平衡的输出关系式，还讨论了敏感输入轴垂直的横向加速度输入分量对输出的影响。在理论分析的基础上，根据离心机试验结果求得加速度计的静态模型。     

Nonlinear Dynamics Modeling of Mechanical Periodicity of End Diastolic Volume of Left Ventricle

ＮｏｍｅｎｃｌａｔｕｒｅＸｎ 1 ＴｈｅＥＤＶｏｆｔｈｅ (ｎ 1 )ｔｈｈｅａｒｔｂｅａｔＸｎ 　ＴｈｅＥＤＶｏｆｔｈｅｎｔｈｈｅａｒｔｂｅａｔＹｎ 　ＴｈｅｅｊｅｃｔｖｏｌｕｍｅｏｆｔｈｅｎｔｈｈｅａｒｔｂｅａｔＵｎ 　ＴｈｅｍａｓｓｏｆｔｈｅｂｌｏｏｄｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｖｅｉｎｔｏｈｅａｒｔＰｓ 　ＴｈｅｓｙｓｔｏｌｉｃｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅｏｆｌｅｆｔｖｅｎｔｒｉｃｌｅＰｄ 　ＴｈｅｄｉａｓｔｏｌｉｃｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅｏｆｌｅｆｔｖｅｎｔｒｉｃｌｅＰｖ 　ＴｈｅｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅＰａ 　Ｔｈｅａｒｔｅｒｉａｌｐｒｅｓ…     

Numerical investigation of dynamic stall of an oscillating aerofoil

The flow structure around an NACA 0012 aerofoil oscillating in pitch around the quarter-chord is numerically investigated by solving the two-dimensional compressible N–S equations using a special matrix-splitting scheme. This scheme is of second-order accuracy in time and space and is computationally more efficient than the conventional flux-splitting scheme. A ‘rigid’ C-grid with 149 × 51 points is used for the computation of unsteady flow. The freestream Mach number varies from 0.2 to 06 and the Reynolds number from 5000 to 20,000. The reduced frequency equals 0.25–0.5. The basic flow structure of dynamic stall is described and the Reynolds number effect on dynamic stall is briefly discussed. The influence of the compressibility on dynamic stall is analysed in detail. Numerical results show that there is a significant influence of the compressibility on the formation and convection of the dynamic stall vortex. There is a certain influence of the Reynolds number on the flow structure. The average convection velocity of the dynamic stall vortex is approximately 0.348 times the freestream velocity.     

Theory of linear viscoelasticity of chiral liquid crystals

The governing equations of monodomain isothermal cholesteric liquid crystals subjected to small amplitude oscillatory rectilinear shear have been derived for three representative helix orientations. The imposition of oscillatory flow excites splay-bend-twist deformations when the helix is aligned along the flow direction, splay-bend deformations when the helix is along the vorticity gradient, and twist deformations when aligned along the velocity axis. The different nature of the excited elastic modes as well as the anisotropic viscosities are reflected in the anisotropy of the linear viscoelastic material functions for small amplitude rectilinear oscillatory shear. When the helix is aligned along the flow direction, cholesteric viscoelasticity is strongest, and exists in a relatively narrow band of intermediate frequencies. When the helix is aligned along the vorticity direction cholesteric viscoelasticity is significant in a relatively broad range of intermediate frequencies. Finally, when the helix is aligned along the velocity gradient direction, cholesteric viscoelasticity is relatively insignificant and only exists in a narrow band of frequencies. The cholesteric pitch controls the location of viscoelastic region on the frequency spectrum, but only when the helix is not oriented along the vorticity axis.     

亚微米炸药的感度选择性

采用亚微米粉体炸药 (0 .1～ 1 m )与普通粉体炸药 (1 0 m )进行了落锤撞击感度和冲击片 (高压短脉冲 )起爆感度对比试验 ,发现亚微米粉体炸药有在常见环境力 (一般的撞击、摩擦 )条件下比较安全 ,而在特定激励 (冲击片 )作用下起爆可靠性提高的感度选择性特点 ,并从理论上对上述特性进行了探讨。研究表明 ,亚微米粉体炸药具有非常好的应用前景。     

ANALYSIS OF DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF AN IMPACTED ELASTIC PLATE

ＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳＯＦＤＹＮＡＭＩＣＲＥＳＰＯＮＳＥＯＦＡＮＩＭＰＡＣＴＥＤＥＬＡＳＴＩＣＰＬＡＴＥ￥(尹邦信)ＹｉｎＢａｎｇｘｉｎ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｉｖｉｌＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，ＳｏｕｔｈｗｅｓｔｉｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ，...     

Analysis of the temperature regime of operation of a filtering unit

The temperature regime of a filtering unit being cooled after an accident at a nuclear power plant is considered. A mathematical model is developed; the model is based on three-dimensional equations of thermohydrodynamics and takes into account heat-transfer mechanisms (convection, heat conduction, and radiation). For the unit variants considered, the maximum value of temperature in the sorbing module is less than 300°C, and the temperature reserve is 20–50°C. __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 48, No. 6, pp. 92–102, November–December, 2007.     

综合管廊早龄期混凝土温度应力仿真模拟

以汉中市综合管廊为工程背景,通过有限元软件,首先模拟分析综合管廊早龄期温度场,随后将温度场结果附加到管廊结构中求解温度应力,从而分析综合管廊早龄期混凝土温度应力与浇筑长度的关系。模拟分析发现:综合管廊在混凝土浇筑早期,温度场沿长度方向变化不显著,且随着浇筑长度的增加,温度场不变;在墙体温度上升阶段,墙体内部沿长度方向的应力主要为压应力,当墙体混凝土内部温度达到最高,混凝土开始降温,结构内变形由膨胀逐渐变为收缩,内力由压应力逐渐变为拉应力,随着时间的变化,墙体内外温差趋于稳定,墙体温度应力也逐渐平稳,此时温度应力主要受外界环境变化影响;当综合管廊浇筑长度在60m范围内,浇筑长度越大,温度应力越大,但当浇筑长度超过60m,温度应力不再增加。     

One formulation of the problem of elastoplastic separation

The problem of the beginning of motion of a cut in a plane under symmetric external loading is considered. The material lying on the cut continuation forms a layer (interaction layer). A transition to a plastic state within the layer is assumed to be possible. The behavior of the layer is described by an ideally elastoplastic model, and the plane outside the layer is assumed to be linearly elastic. A system of boundary integral equations for determining the stress-strain state is derived. Based on this system, a discrete model of separation of the layer material is constructed under the assumption of a constant stress-strain state in the element of the interaction layer. The distribution of stresses in the pre-fracture zone is determined. __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 50, No. 4, pp. 187–195, July–August, 2009     

Solution of one problem of fracture mechanics

This paper considers a model for the opening-mode fracture separation process based on the introduction of an interaction layer. This layer is defined as the region of localization of the fracture process. The stress-strain state of the layer material is uniform in the cross section of the layer. A study is made of the deformation of a double-cantilever beam weakened by a notch whose width is equal to the thickness of the interaction layer. The problem is solved in a linearly geometrical approximation. The thickness of the interaction layer is estimated, and a method for solving the formulated problem is proposed. __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 48, No. 4, pp. 121–127, July–August, 2007.     

地下岩体的垂向渗透率测试及分析

本文介绍了在真实油井中使用阵列压力计测量油藏薄层垂向渗透率的实验方法。通过注水-停注并多次重复此过程使地层产生压差,并在井中不同深度放置压力计接收压力信号。为分析压力的变化,本文从渗流力学基本方程出发,对其无量纲化并采用Laplace变换及数值反变换技术,得到考虑垂向渗透率的地层压力分布表达式,利用这一表达式,对测试的压力资料进行解释。最后根据非线性回归理论对其中的4只压力计的压力资料进行分析,得到了各层垂向渗透率。     

考虑桩土相互作用效应的桩顶纵向振动时域响应分析

在考虑桩土耦合作用以及土竖向波动效应条件下，对均质滞回材料阻尼土中弹性支承桩桩顶纵向振动时域响应进行了理论研究。首先建立了桩与滞回阻尼土在谐和振动情况下的定解问题，然后先对土层动力平衡方程进行求解并得到土体振动位移形式解，接着依据平衡条件将该形式解祸合进桩身动力平衡方程，并通过对桩动力平衡方程的求解，最终得到桩顶位移和速度频域响应解析解和半正弦脉冲激励作用下桩顶时域响应的半解析解。通过与其它相关理论解的对比验证了本文解的正确性和适用性，并基于所得解对桩顶时域响应特性进行了分析，最后将理论曲线与现场工程实测曲线进行了拟合对比，结果表明两者符合较好。