用NMR技术研究蛋白质-配体相互作用

蛋白质-配体相互作用的研究对理解生命过程、药物设计和药物筛选具有相当重要的科学意义和巨大的经济价值. NMR是研究蛋白质-配体相互作用的最有用的技术之一,有着显著的优势. 本文综述了近年来国际上用NMR技术研究蛋白质-配体相互作用的发展状况和趋势,先介绍表征蛋白质-配体相互作用的重要参数,然后介绍如何判断蛋白质或配体与复合物的化学交换类型以及所能获得的有关蛋白质-配体相互作用的信息,最后介绍具体用于研究蛋白质-配体相互作用的若干NMR技术以及基于NMR的药物筛选技术.     

Quantum effects in the structure of liquid benzene at room temperature

Structural differences between liquid light (protonated) benzene and heavy (deuterated) benzene at room temperature have been measured using high energy electromagnetic radiation scattering techniques. Intra- and intermolecular effects have been examined, and the main quantum contribution is shown to be intramolecular. This is in contrast to the quantum effects measured in liquid water at room temperature, which are primarily intermolecular.     

Neutron diffraction studies of water

Neutron diffraction measurements have been made for heavy water at five temperatures in the range 11–75°C using the diffractometers D2 and D4 at ILL. A first-order difference method has been used to determine the change in the intermolecular contributions to the observed cross-section. Fourier transformation techniques are used to give the changes in the real space distribution function. The results confirm the preliminary observations obtained in an earlier experiment and give a more precise indication of the structural variation. A detailed analysis shows that the intermolecular OD separation which corresponds to an effective hydrogen bond distance increases as the temperature rises. At larger distances there is a systematic but more complex variation which may be attributed to a change in the relative orientations of neighbouring molecules.     

Molecular dynamics of two-dimensional gases with realistic potentials

Molecular dynamics calculations have mainly used hard-core interactions because of computational simplicity and increased speed. Algorithms for realistic intermolecular potentials have been used in studies of solids and liquids. By combining both techniques, an algorithm which can reasonably study dilute gases with realistic potentials has been achieved. The BoltzmannH-function is calculated for a hard-core and Lennard-Jones gas, and the latter is found to decrease more rapidly to equilibrium.Work supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. NSF-USDP GU-1598 and the U. S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant No. AF-AFOSR 1257-67.     

The intensity and spectra of depolarized light scattered from benzene-nitrobenzene mixtures

The intensity and spectra of light scattered from nitrobenzene-benzene mixtures have been studied at 24±1°C. The anisotropic Rayleigh ratio shows a non-linear variation with concentration, attributed to strong orientational correlations between nitrobenzene molecules.

The anisotropic spectra have been analysed into two parts corresponding to the two types of molecule, for which spearate correlation times have been obtained. These are compared with reorientation times measured by other experimental techniques. The existence of intermolecular orientational correlations has a marked effect on the reorientation time of the nitrobenzene molecule. A ‘ shear wave dip ’ was observed in some samples and the splitting gives a relaxation time agreeing with the reorientation time.     

He-NO碰撞体系分波截面的理论计算

首先用Huxley势函数拟合在RCCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ bf理论水平下计算的He-NO相互作用能数据,从而得到了He原子与NO分子相互作用各向异性势;然后用密耦近似方法计算了He-NO碰撞体系的总分波截面、弹性分波截面和非弹性分波截面,并总结了分波截面的变化规律.计算结果表明,拟合势较好地描述了He-NO系统相互作用的各向异性特征,利用碰撞体系分子间势的量子化学从头计算结果,可解决势能参数难以确定的问题,对进一步研究原子与分子碰撞机理有一定参考价值.     

He-NO碰撞体系微分截面的理论计算

首先用Huxley势函数形式拟合了在RCCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ+bf理论水平下计算的He-NO相互作用能数据，获得了He原子与NO分子相互作用的各向异性势，然后采用密耦近似方法计算了He-NO碰撞体系的总微分截面、弹性微分截面和非弹性微分截面，并总结了微分散射截面的变化规律. 结果表明，拟合势不但表达形式简洁，而且较好地描述了He-NO系统相互作用的各向异性特征；利用碰撞体系分子间势的量子化学从头计算结果,可解决势能参数难以确定的问题，对进一步研究原子与分子碰撞机理有一定参考价值. 关键词： 各向异性势 势能参数 密耦近似 微分截面     

Determining Eigenfrequencies and Homogeneous Widths of Lines of Intermolecular Vibrations in Water and in Aqueous Solutions of Hydrogen Peroxide Using Raman Spectroscopy

We have examined low-frequency Raman spectra of intermolecular vibrations of weak aqueous solutions of hydrogen peroxide and water. The differences between the observed Raman frequencies and the data from the literature on the IR-absorption frequencies of the same vibrations, as well as the interrelations between the frequencies and the widths of Lorentzian contours that approximate the vibrational spectra of the dynamic susceptibility, have been discussed. Based on a model of free damped vibrations of a classical oscillator with an inhomogeneous broadening, we have explained these effects for the first time. The homogeneous line widths and the damping times of the observed intermolecular vibrations have been determined. The eigenfrequencies of these vibrations have been calculated, and they have been shown to agree well with the data from the literature on the frequencies of IR absorption of water. We have shown that these parameters of intermolecular vibrations for water and for aqueous solutions of hydrogen peroxide differ from each other.     

Phonon spectrum of a naphthalene crystal at a high pressure: Influence of shortened distances on the lattice and intramolecular vibrations

The Raman spectra of a naphthalene crystal have been measured at room temperature in the pressure range up to 20 GPa. The pressure shift and Grüneisen parameters for intermolecular and intramolecular phonons have been determined. The maximum rate of the pressure shift for intermolecular phonons is 44 cm^?1/GPa, and the rate of the pressure shift for intramolecular phonons lies in the range from 1 to 11 cm^?1/GPa for different modes. The pressure dependence of the phonon frequencies for direct and inverse pressure variations has a hysteresis in the pressure range from 2.5 to 16.5 GPa. It has been shown that the linear dependence of the intermolecular phonon frequency on the crystal density has a peculiarity, which indicates a possible phase transition at a pressure of 3.5 GPa. The pressure dependence of intramolecular phonons related to the stretching vibrations of hydrogen atoms exhibits features that are characteristic of intermolecular phonons, which is associated with the influence of shortened distances between the hydrogen atoms of the neighboring molecules on the intermolecular interaction potential.     

Infrared spectra and structure of molecular complexes of aromatic acids

FTIR spectra of pharmacologically active molecules of benzoic acid and its derivatives have been measured in CCl₄ solutions and in microcrystals. Features of the formation of intra-and intermolecular hydrogen bonds have been analyzed. Spectral attributes have been revealed that characterize the participation of a carboxyl group in different types of intermolecular interactions with the formation of cyclic, linear, and criss-cross dimers. Mechanisms of the intermolecular interactions are shown to be defined by the character of the substituents attached to the benzene ring in the para- and meta-positions relative to the carboxylic group.     

He-HCl体系各向异性势及分波散射截面的理论研究

首先用BFW势函数形式拟合了在CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVQZ理论水平下计算的He-HCl相互作用能数据，获得了He原子与HCl分子相互作用的各向异性势；然后采用CC近似方法计算了He-HCl碰撞体系的微分散射截面和分波散射截面，并总结了分波散射截面的变化规律.结果表明，拟合势不但表达形式简洁，而且较好地描述了He-HCl系统相互作用的各向异性特征；利用碰撞体系分子间势的量子化学从头计算结果，可解决势能参数难以确定的问题.对进一步研究原子与分子碰撞机理有一定参考价值. 关键词： 各向异性势 势能参数 密耦近似 分波散射截面     

不均匀场下空间编码超快速高分辨NMR研究进展

二维核磁共振(2D NMR)的提出和发展,为NMR技术的研究和应用提供了广阔的空间. 然而当样品或磁场本身不均匀时,高分辨的2D NMR谱难以获得. 此外,常规2D NMR实验通常需要长的采样时间. 空间编码超快速采样方法利用空间编码技术,只需单次扫描即可获得2D甚至多维NMR谱,极大地缩短了采样时间. 目前相位补偿、相干转移和分子间多量子相干等技术与空间编码技术相结合,已成功实现不均匀场下超快速获得高分辨NMR谱. 该文对不均匀场下空间编码超快速NMR方法进行了介绍,对其未来发展进行了展望.     

Ultrasonic and IR study of intermolecular association through hydrogen bonding in ternary liquid mixtures

Complex formation in ternary liquid mixtures of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) with phenol and o-cresol in carbontetrachloride has been studied by measuring ultrasonic velocity at 2 MHz, in the concentration range of 0.019-0.162 (in mole fraction of DMSO) at varying temperatures of 20, 30 and 40 degrees C. Using measured values of ultrasonic velocity, other parameters such as adiabatic compressibility, intermolecular free length, molar sound velocity, molar compressibility, specific acoustic impedance and molar volume have been evaluated. These parameters have been utilized to study the solute-solute interactions in these systems. The ultrasonic velocity shows a maxima and adiabatic compressibility a corresponding minima as a function of concentration for these mixtures. The results indicate the occurrence of complex formation between unlike molecules through intermolecular hydrogen bonding between oxygen atom of DMSO molecule and hydrogen atom of phenol and o-cresol molecules. The excess values of adiabatic compressibility and intermolecular free length have also been evaluated. The variation of both these parameters with concentration also indicates the possibility of the complex formation in these systems. Further, to investigate the presence of O-HO bond complexes and the strength of molecular association with concentrations, the infrared spectra of both the systems, DMSO-phenol and DMSO-o-cresol, have been recorded for various concentrations at room temperature (20 degrees C). The results obtained using infrared spectroscopy for both the systems also support the occurrence of complex formation through intermolecular hydrogen bonding in these ternary liquid mixtures.     

He-HF体系各向异性势及分波散射截面的研究

用BFW势函数拟合在CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVQZ理论水平下计算的He-HF相互作用能数据,获得了He原子与HF分子相互作用的各向异性势,并与已知的势模型进行比较,验证了拟合势的可靠性;然后采用密耦方法计算了He-HF体系在不同碰撞能量下的分波散射截面,总结了分波散射截面的变化趋势.研究表明:①拟合势不但表达形式简洁,而且较好地描述了He-HF系统相互作用的各向异性特征.②入射粒子的能量越高,得到收敛的分波截面所需的分波数越多,量子效应越不显著,尾部效应也越弱;尾部效应仅在低激发态中产生,高激发态不产生尾部效应.     

The direct determination of potential energy functions from second virial coefficients

Methods which enable the intermolecular pair potential energy curve to be determined from second virial coefficient data are critically examined. Those techniques which involve the inverse Laplace transform, though theoretically attractive, are found to be ineffective with experimental data. New approximate methods are proposed and found to be successful in characterizing both the repulsive and attractive regions of the potential energy function. The procedures were tested on simulated data calculated from a number of known potential energy functions and were shown to reproduce the original potentials with high accuracy. The techniques were then applied to experimental second virial coefficient data for argon to give the repulsive potential energy curve above 300 K and the width of the upper portion of the potential well as a function of its depth. When used in conjunction with similar techniques for the inversion of gas viscosity data, these methods enabled the potential energy curve for argon to be established over a wide range of intermolecular separation.     

A molecular theory of the dielectric permittivity of a nematic liquid crystal

We present a theory of the dielectric permittivity in which the intermolecular dipole-dipole correlations are treated explicitly. The results for the static permittivity agree with those which have previously been obtained by continuum calculations. The frequency dependence of the permittivity is related to two relaxation times which contain the effects of only short range intermolecular correlations. Approximate relationships are derived between these times and independently measurable properties.     

Quantum chemical insight into molecular structure,density functional theory calculations,vibrational dynamics,natural population analysis,Hirshfeld analysis,and molecular docking approach to chalcone 1-4-bromophenyl-3-(2-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one

The structure of the novel chalcone 1-4-bromophenyl-3-(2-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one has been characterized by Fourier transform infrared and Fourier transform Raman. Density functional theory with Becke, 3-parameter, Lee-Yang-Parr functional was used for the optimization of geometry. The comprehensive assignments of the vibrational spectra have been performed with the aid of normal coordinate analysis. Stability of the molecule and intra/intermolecular charge transfer have been analyzed using natural bond orbital analysis. The existence of intermolecular C-H?O, blueshifted hydrogen bond was investigated by bond length variation. Hirshfeld and two-dimensional fingerprint plot analyses have been performed to study the nature of interactions present in the molecule. The docked complex gives a constancy of ?8.2?kcal/mol toward the androgen receptor.     

Double electron-electron resonance in electron spin echo: Conformations of spin-labeled poly-4-vinilpyridine in glassy solutions

Double electron-electron resonance in electron spin echo has been used to study the glassy solutions of poly-4-vinylpyridine doped by nitroxyl radicals frozen in liquid nitrogen. The phase relaxation of spin labels due to spin-spin interaction of unpaired electrons has been studied. The intramolecular and intermolecular contributions of the dipole-dipole interaction of spin labels into relaxation process have been separated. It has been established that both the intramolecular and intermolecular spin-spin interaction of spin labels lead to the dependence of echo signal on timeT of the exp (?aT ^q ) type. It is shown that for the intramolecular interaction the experimentalq value is 0.3, for the intermolecular one it is 2. The assumption has been made of the linear structure of polymeric molecules due to the presence of a sufficiently high density of an electric charge on polymeric molecules.     

Rotation-translation coupling effect on intermolecular forces of single crystal of fcc and hcp argon alloys

Rotation-translation coupling (RTC) effects on the intermolecular forces in the form of elastic constants of single crystals of Ar(O₂) alloy for the fcc and hcp structure have been studied. The use of dynamical interactions of the O₂ impurity with host atoms indicated that RTC plays an important role in the intermolecular forces.