Structural Phase Transition of an Intercalation Compound Mn1/4NbS2

Abstract

A structural phase transition of an intercalation compound Mn_1/4NbS₂ has been investigated by X-ray diffraction at high temperatures. The lattice parameter c exhibited a discontinuous change at 640K. The superlattice reflections observed below 640K disappeared suddenly above 640K. The phase transition at 640K took an aspect of the first-order phase transition. The precise structure analyses were performed at various temperatures above and below the phase-transition temperature. It was revealed that Mn atoms were arranged in disorder in the high-temperature phase, while the Mn atoms were ordered forming the 2a ₀ × 2a ₀ × c ₀ superlattice in the low-temperature phase. The Nb and S atoms around the ordered Mn atoms slightly shifted from the high-symmetry position in the low-temperature phase. The order parameters were the degree of order of the Mn atoms and the degree of displacement of the Nb and S atoms.     

采用无氟MOD法在织构金属基带上生长YBCO超导薄膜的研究

由于高的使用温度,优良的载流能力以及强的电机械性能,潜在的价格优势,基于YBCO超导薄膜的第二代高温超导带材在电力系统和磁体领域有良好的应用前景.无氟金属有机盐沉积技术具备设备成本低、晶体生长速率快、环境友好等特点,近年来成为了研究制备YBCO超导薄膜技术路线的热点.本文采用FF-MOD技术在CeO2/IBAD-MgO/Y2O3/ Al2O3/Hastelloy C276金属基带上制备200 nm厚的YBCO薄膜,并系统地研究了高温成相过程中BaCO3、YBCO以及YBCO分解相的显微结构及其对超导电性的影响.结果表明,生成的YBCO相晶体呈随机取向,在热处理的过程中逐渐再结晶成为具有双轴织构的YBCO,这与单晶结果相一致.另外,影响YBCO外延形核和生长的关键是控制烧结温度和烧结气氛中的氧分压,抑制BaCO3形成,避免YBCO部分分解.     

Study of the Specific Features of Kinetics Formation and Structure of the Superconducting Nb3Sn Phase in Technical Superconductors

Crystallography Reports - The growth kinetics of a layer of intermetallic compound Nb3Sn in bronze-processed multifilamentary superconductors of different designs and diameters, developed and...     

Elastic Properties of the Triclinic Pseudo-Trigonal Room-Temperature Phase of KIO3

Weakly twinned triclinic crystals of the room temperature γ-phase of KIO₃, grown from aqueous solutions, exhibit a quasi-trigonal behaviour of point symmetry group 3m in respect to thermal expansion, piezoelectric effects, and elastic properties. The elastic tensor and its temperature derivative were determined from ultrasonic resonance frequencies of thick plane-parallel plates and their shift upon variation of temperature, respectively. The static piezoelectric constants d₂₂₂ and d₂₁₁ are about fifty times larger than d₁₁₁ of α-quartz resulting in strong piezoelectric coupling coefficients of elastic waves (k₁ = 0.42; k₆₆ = 0.60). Approaching the γ-β transition at 345.6 K from lower temperatures, the shear stiffness c^E₆₆ shows a drastic softening. The transition appears to be of second-order ferroelastic.     

Effect of Magnetic Field and γ Irradiation on the Properties of Tl‐2212 Superconducting Tape

The critical temperature and critical current of Tl‐2212 superconducting sample in the form of a tape have been studied near T_c under magnetic field and gamma irradiation. T_c decreases from 109 to 94 K with increase of magnetic field up to 300 mT. In 77‐109 K range, J_c decreases rapidly in low fields up to around 50 mT followed by a very slow decrease in J_c up to 300 mT. T_c of the sample did not change up to 100 MR γ dose and then started to decrease from 109 to 102 K with increase of g dose up to 800 MR, most of the change taking place in high doses. The critical currents of the sample decreased steadily with γ irradiation up to 600 MR after which no further change was noticed.     

Doping Properties of Pr2O3 Associate InP Liquid Phase Epitaxy

InP epilayers were grown on semi-insulating InP substrates by liquid phase epitaxy with Pr₂O₃-doping. Most grown layers yield mirror-like surfaces and good crystal quality. Hall measurements indicate that n-type background concentration of those grown InP layers will decrease from a value of 2.8 × 10¹⁷ to 3.0 × 10¹⁶ cm⁻³. Their correspondent 77 K mobility also varied from a value of 1326 to 3775 cm²/V s. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of Pr₂O₃-doped InP epilayers display narrower FWHM and stronger intensity ratios (for band peak to the impurity peak). These PL spectra also demonstrate that the grown layers exhibit a pure crystal quality.     

YBCO/ND-Y2O3/YBCO超导薄膜的制备及其特性研究

采用光辅助金属有机物化学气相沉积技术,在LaAlO3(100)单晶衬底上外延制备约500 nm厚YBCO/ND-Y2O3/YBCO薄膜.用X射线衍射技术分析薄膜的物相结构和外延特性,通过扫描电子显微镜观察薄膜的表面与截面形貌.主要研究了不同生长时间的Y2 O3纳米点对YBCO超导薄膜性能的影响.Y2 O3纳米点生长时间为2Os样品的临界电流密度达到2.4 MA/cm2(77 K,0T),与未生长Y2O3纳米点的YBCO薄膜相比,其临界电流密度提高20;.分析表明,薄膜中的Y2O3在YBCO薄膜内部起到了有效钉扎中心作用,提高了临界电流密度.     

Role of Silver on Superconducting Properties of BPSCCO (2223) System

The role of silver for the superconducting properties of the Bi Pb Sr Ca Cu O (2223) system have been investigated systematically. Samples with various concentrations of Ag were prepared by the matrix method. D.C. resistance results showed that T_c(0) varied between 100–109 K for various compositions of Ag. J_c measured at LNT from I–V data shows an increase with silver addition. J_c decreased from 90 Amp/cm² at zero field to 16 Amp/cm² at 100 Oe. The T_c(0) obtained form the susceptibility data agreed with those obtained from resistance measurements. X-ray diffraction results showed that the dominant phase in BPSCCO is the high-temperature (2223) phase and the same is improved in silver added BPSCCO samples. The scanning electron micrographs indicated that silver is precipated along the grain boundaries, separating the superconducting grains. These results have showed that silver addition does not destroy the superconductivity and at the same time enhances the critical current density.     

Pressure Dependence of the Metal-Insulator and Superconducting Phase Transitions in (TMTSF)2 Reo4

Measurements of the pressure and temperature dependence of the a-axis resistivity of (TMTSF) ₂ReO₄, are presented. The metal-insulator transition seen in this material at the remarkably high temperature of ～180 K at ambient pressure and which is associated with an ordering of the ReO₄, anions is suppressed under pressure. For pressures above ～9.5 kbar we observe a superconducting transition near 1.3 K. There is a narrow intermediate pressure regime about 2.5 kbar in width in which both superconductivity and effects of anion ordering are observed. In this regime (i) a superconducting transition is seen near 1.3 K even though ρ just above the transition can be up to 10-100 times greater than ρ(300 K), and (ii) there is an extraordinarily large hysteresis in p below ～ 100 K with the possibility of varying the resistance of the low temperature state by several orders of magnitude by appropriate temperature cycling. These results establish the first order character of the transition. We suggest that at high pressures the anions remain frozen in a metastable disordered state to low temperatures.     

The Phase Diagram of the Pb–Mo–S System at 1250 K and Some Properties of the Superconducting PbMo6S8

Pb_xMo₆S_y arises as the sole ternary compound in the System Pb–Mo–S. At 1250 K it is surrounded by 4 phase regions with 3 solid phases. It has a homogeneity range of between 0.9 ≤ x < 1.1 and 7.6 ≤ y > ≤ 7.9. T_c changes within the homogeneity range. Chemical transport is possible within a limited section of the phase diagram in the presence of lead halides.     

Sb掺杂K0.5Na0.5NbO3无铅压电陶瓷相结构和电学性能的研究

采用传统固相烧结法,在1060 ℃制备(K0.5Na0.5)Nb1-xSbxO3(KNNS,x=0、0.01、0.02、0.03和0.04)无铅压电陶瓷,研究了Sb掺杂对KNN陶瓷物相结构、微观形貌和电学性能的影响.研究结果表明:Sb可以取代钙钛矿结构中B位的Nb位置,Sb取代Nb的最大量为0.03≤x≤0.04,当x=0.04时产生杂相;通过XRD图谱分析表明,x=0时陶瓷为单一的正交相结构,0.02≤x≤0.03时为正交-四方相共存,x=0.04时转变为三方相结构.Sb的掺杂具有细化晶粒的作用,随着Sb含量的增加,晶粒平均尺寸减小,晶粒大小变得均匀,介电性能增强.     

水热处理温度对WO3微晶晶相、形貌和光催化性能的影响

以Na2WO4·2H2O和盐酸为原料,采用水热法合成了WO3微晶.通过X射线衍射分析(XRD)、电子扫描显微镜(SEM)、热重-差示扫描量热法(TG-DSC)等表征手段,研究了水热反应温度及煅烧处理对产物的晶体结构和微观形貌的影响.结果表明:水热处理温度从100℃升到160℃时,所得微晶的衍射峰强度逐渐升高,所得样品的结晶度趋于完整,其形貌由片状结构变为自组装的球状结构.光催化结果表明可知随着水热温度的升高,光催化性能先上升后下降,产物的结晶性与其比表面积大小为影响其光催化性能的主要因素.通过对比煅烧前后产物的光催化性能发现六方相WO3结构比正交相WO3·0.33H2O结构具有更好的光催化活性.     

Low-Temperature Electron Spin Resonance in (TMTSF)2PF6 in the High Pressure Metallic Phase

Abstract

The electron spin resonance of (TMTSF)₂PF₆ has been observed at low fields (H_o < 110 Oe) in the high pressure, metallic phase (p > 6.5 kbar) in the temperature range 1-4^?K. The anisotropy in the g value is similar to that observed at ambient pressure above the metal-insulator transition. The linewidth is very narrow and the spin susceptibility strongly decreases as the superconducting transition is approached from above. We interpret this as evidence for singlet-paired superconductivity. Superconductivity is observed at 1.1 K and the critical field has angular dependence in the be plane. These observations lead us to conclude that (TMTSF)₂PF₆ is a singlet paired superconductor.     

Phase Properties of Hexanedioldiacrylate/E7 Blends

Abstract

Equilibrium phase diagrams of uncured and UV-cured difunctional hexanedioldiacrylate and the eutectic mixture of low molecular weight liquid crystals E7 are established by polarized optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Data are analyzed using the Maier-Saupe model of nematic order. In the case of the uncured system the Flory-Huggins free energy of isotropic mixing is applied while for the cured system, the Flory-Rehner elastic free energy model is used. A good correlation between experimental and theoretical phase diagrams is found in both systems.     

CeO_2缓冲层热处理对Tl-2212薄膜超导特性的影响

本文采用原子力显微镜(AFM)和XRD研究了生长在蓝宝石(11-02)基片上的CeO_2缓冲层在不同的退火温度和退火时间下表面形貌和相结构的变化,以及对Tl-2212薄膜超导特性的影响.AFM和XRD研究表明,CeO_2薄膜在流动氧环境中退火,表面形貌发生显著的变化;CeO_2薄膜在最佳条件下退火后,可获得原子级光滑表面,结晶质量明显提高.实验结果表明,缓冲层的结晶质量和表面粗糙度与Tl-2212薄膜的超导特性密切相关.在经过最佳条件退火后的CeO_2缓冲层上制备了厚度为500 nm无裂纹的Tl-2212超导薄膜,其临界转变温度(T_c)达到107 K,液氮温度下临界电流密度(J_c)为3.9 MA/cm~2(77 K,0 T),微波表面电阻(R_s)约为281 μΩ(77 K,10 GHz).     

金属纳米薄膜对大孔径光子晶体光纤传感特性的影响

基于全矢量有限元法研究了金属纳米薄膜对大孔径光子晶体光纤(PCF)传感特性的影响.针对所设计的大孔径PCF传感模型,数值模拟了PCF材料中金属纳米薄膜厚度不同以及不均匀时所表现的吸收特性:当金属纳米薄膜的厚度为均匀的30 nm和40nm时,分别在0.535 μm和0.565 μm处出现非常明显的吸收峰,且HEX11和HEy11两个模式完美简并;当有一个空气孔中的金属纳米薄膜厚度为30 nm,其他空气孔中的金属纳米薄膜厚度为40nm时,HEx11和HEy11模式的损耗曲线明显不简并,能够表现出两种金属纳米薄膜厚度的吸收特性;模拟计算了所设计传感器不同测量方法所表达的灵敏度与分辨率.研究结果为PCF传感器中金属纳米镀膜的实际操作和使用提供了理论依据.     

金属镍掺杂g-C3N4的制备及其光降解性能

采用浸渍法制备不同掺杂量的负载型光催化剂Ni/g-C3N4,并考察其在可见光照下对亚甲基蓝的光降解性能.利用XRD、FT-IR、SEM、TEM、XPS、N2-sorption和ICP-OES等手段表征Ni/g-C3N4样品.研究表明,Ni/g-C3N4催化剂的光催化活性随着金属镍粒子掺杂量的增加而增大,随着亚甲基蓝浓度的增大而减小,其中金属镍掺杂量4.0wt;的样品4-Ni/g-C3N4表现出优异的光催化活性和光降解稳定性.这是由于4-Ni/g-C3N4样品的光降解过程中产生了超氧自由基、羟基自由基和空穴等活性物质,其中超氧自由基起主导作用.金属Ni0离子在光生电子作用下生成Ni2+,O2分子得到电子生成O2·-自由基.这些活性物质的产生有助于光生电子-空穴对的分离和抑制其复合速率,从而实现可见光下高效催化降解亚甲基蓝.     

MOD法YBCO超导薄膜制备中BaCeO3的形成

本文采用金属有机盐沉积(MOD)方法,在钇稳定氧化锆(YSZ)单晶上依次制备了CeO2过渡层和YBCO超导层,测得其Tc,onset值为90.5 K,Jc值为1.3 MA/cm2.在沉积YBa2Cu3O7-x(YBCO)过程中发现薄膜中生成了BaCeO3相,继而对该相的生成条件及其对YBCO性能的影响进行了研究.结果表明BaCeO3是在YBCO相生成之后,CeO2与YBCO反应生成的,且以MOD方法制备的YBCO薄膜时难以避免BaCeO3相的产生.     

Y2O3-Al2O3含量对Si3N4陶瓷相组成、致密化、显微结构和力学性能的影响

以α-Si3N4粉为原料,通过添加不同含量的Y2O3-Al2O3烧结助剂(6wt;、8wt;和10wt;),在1800℃下采用热压烧结制备了Si3 N4陶瓷,研究了Y2 O3-Al2 O3含量对Si3 N4陶瓷的物相、致密度、显微结构与力学性能的影响,结果表明:添加6wt;的Y2 O3-Al2 O3助剂即可获得高致密的Si3 N4陶瓷,继续增加助剂含量对Si3 N4陶瓷的致密度影响不大,但是显著影响 α-Si3 N4相和β-Si3 N4相的含量,较高的Y2 O3-Al2 O3助剂含量有利于α-Si3 N4转化为β-Si3 N4.不依赖于Y2 O3-Al2 O3助剂含量,Si3 N4陶瓷均包含细小的等轴晶粒和大尺寸的棒状晶粒,呈现双峰结构,但是Y2 O3-Al2 O3助剂含量增加到10wt;时,可以显著增加棒状晶粒的数量,形成更显著的双峰结构.基于当前研究,发现加入低含量的Y2O3-Al2O3助剂(6wt;),可以获得高硬度高强度的Si3N4陶瓷,而引入高含量的Y2O3-Al2O3助剂(10wt;),则可以获得高韧性高强度的Si3N4陶瓷.