对甲苯磺酸二甲铵作为气相色谱固定相分析有机羧酸

采用静态法涂柱以对甲苯磺酸二甲铵做为固定相制备了石英毛细管气相色谱柱(柱尺寸30m×0.5mmi.d,液膜厚度为0.7μm,固定液浓度9.94%W/V),并考察了它们的柱性能及不经衍生直接进样对有机羧酸的分离。实验表明,此种色谱固定相的柱流失温度可达225℃,平均McReynolds常数为304,理论塔板数每米2040块;对C2-C8的一元酸、C12-C16的高碳数酸及苯甲酸与山梨酸等芳香酸具有较好的分离能力并对C2-C8的一元酸进行定量分析(n=1 0),浓度从0.8807%～3.8084%,相对标准偏差在1.22%～4.20%之间。     

对甲苯磺酸三甲胺固定相的研究及其分析应用

采用汞塞动态法涂柱,以对甲苯磺酸三甲胺作为固定液制备了石英毛细管色谱柱,固定液量为9.0%(m/V),柱尺寸为30 m×0.32 mm i.d.。对该柱的性能进行了考察。实验结果表明,这种色谱固定相对于极性有机化合物如醇类物质、有机羧酸、酚类物质等有良好的分离能力,且出峰快,时间短,峰形窄而对称。     

以金属有机骨架材料ZIF-8为固定相的硅基微气相色谱柱

基于微机电技术制备了一种含有椭圆微柱阵列的半填充柱; 采用水热法合成了一种金属有机骨架材料ZIF-8, 将其涂敷在微色谱柱的微沟道内壁上作为固定相. 在30 ℃恒温下对芯片的分离性能进行了测试, 结果表明, 以ZIF-8为固定相的微色谱柱可以在75 s内实现甲烷、 乙烷和丙烷(C1~C3)的基线分离, 其中甲烷-乙烷的分离度达到了2.23, 与以介孔硅为固定相的微色谱柱相比提高了99%; 甲烷、 乙烷的峰面积以及甲烷-乙烷分离度重复性的相对标准偏差均小于3%. 以上结果表明, 以ZIF-8为固定相的微色谱柱在针对油田气实时分离的便携式微色谱系统中具有广泛的应用前景.     

十二烷基苯磺酸镁作为气相色谱固定相分析有机羧酸

用实验室合成的十二烷基苯磺酸镁配成固定相,以汞塞动态法涂柱制备了毛细管柱(固定液质量浓度为95g/L,柱尺寸为25 m×0.32 mm i.d.)所用溶剂为丙酮,并对柱性能进行了考察。实验表明这种色谱固定相对有机羧酸有独特的分离能力,出峰快,峰形窄而对称,即使对痕量的羧酸也可不经衍生直接进样定量分析。     

液晶用作气液色谱固定液的研究(Ⅰ)——硅藻土薄层玻璃毛细管柱色谱分离甲基苯甲酸异构体

本文以甲基苯甲酸(甲酯)异构体为例,用五种芳羧酸双酯液晶作气液色谱固定液在填充柱上进行了分离,讨论了液晶分子结构对分离效能的影响;并考核了在液晶毛细管色谱柱上的分离效能和柱温,载气流速的影响等。     

离子液体改性的气相色谱固定相研究

合成了哑铃型离子液体, 并将FFAP与其按2∶1的质量比混合涂渍交联在石英管内壁, 柱效为3500 p/m, 极性为435.2, 比FFAP柱的极性明显降低. 但由混配的固定相制成的色谱柱对极性和弱极性物质的选择性都优于FFAP柱. 此外, 该固定相对芳香位置异构体、羧酸、烷烃、醇类、酯类及多环芳烃混合物等均具有较好的分离选择性.     

直接电导检测-离子排斥色谱法测定芳香族羧酸

研究了直接电导检测-离子排斥色谱法分离测定芳香族羧酸(邻苯二甲酸、水杨酸、苯乙酸、对羟基苯甲酸、苯甲酸和邻甲苯甲酸)。以Shim-packSCR-102H色谱柱为分离柱,H2SO4为流动相,考察了流动相浓度、色谱柱温度、流速对分离和测定芳香族羧酸的影响,确定最佳色谱条件为:0.08mmol/LH2SO4作为流动相,柱温45℃,流速1.2mL/min。所测芳香族羧酸的检出限为0.07～0.98mg/L;相对标准偏差在2.6%以下(n=5);回收率为95.8%～100.1%。本方法用于酱油样品的分析,得到满意结果。     

二氢麦角碱在极性嵌入反相色谱固定相上的分离行为

二氢麦角碱的4种组分具有不同的药效特性,需适当的分析方法对其在不同剂型药品中的含量进行分析.传统液相色谱方法使用强碱性流动相,严重腐蚀硅胶基质色谱填料,影响色谱柱寿命.合成了极性嵌入反相固定相--C18酰胺固定相,并在中性流动相条件下分离4种组分.考察了流动相组成和pH对二氢麦角碱在C18酰胺固定相上保留行为的影响.在150 mm×4.6 mm I.D.的C18酰胺色谱柱上,流动相为乙腈-20 mmol/L Na2HPO4(30:70,V/V,pH 7.0)的条件下实现了4种组分的基线分离.与传统方法相比,极性嵌入反相固定相可以有效的改善碱性化合物的分离特性和大幅度地延长色谱柱的使用寿命.     

氨基己酸为配基的新型弱阳离子交换/疏水双功能色谱固定相对蛋白质的分离纯化

以硅胶为基质、氨基己酸为配基制备了一种新型弱阳离子交换/疏水（WCX/HIC）双功能混合模式色谱固定相。该固定相配基具有一定的疏水性且含有羧基,在高盐浓度下表现为HIC的性质,可作为HIC固定相使用;在低盐浓度条件下表现为离子交换的性质,可作为WCX固定相使用。分别考察了该介质在WCX和HIC两种模式下对标准蛋白质的分离性能,并与商品柱进行比较。结果表明,所合成的WCX/HIC双功能固定相在WCX和HIC两种模式下对蛋白质均有较高的分离度和选择性,且分离能力与商品柱相当,两种模式下标准蛋白质的质量和活性回收率均大于93%,表明该柱具有“一柱二用”的功能,适于生物大分子的分离纯化。基于此双功能色谱柱构建的在线单柱二维液相色谱（2DLC-1C）可在60 min内实现8种蛋白质的快速分离。在70 min内完成了对蛋清中溶菌酶的二维纯化,纯度可达到98.3%。该技术中一根色谱柱可当作两根色谱柱使用,对蛋白质组学研究和重组蛋白药物的生产具有重要的应用价值。     

聚合物基质高效液相色谱填料在白细胞介素-2分离中的应用

聚合物型苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯(PS-DVB)微球装填的麦科菲反相高效液相色谱柱(MKF-RP-HPLC),用于白细胞介素-2(IL-2)分离的最佳色谱条件:流动相A:0.1%三氟乙酸,流动相B:80%乙腈 0.1%三氟乙酸.B液在30 min内从0%线性增大至100%,流速1.0 mL/min;检测波长:280 nm.在该色谱条件下进行系统性实验,结果表明:MKF-RP色谱柱分离IL-2的柱效、分离度、重复性和拖尾因子均能达到药典要求,且柱效和分离度与SOURCE色谱柱相当;MKF-RP色谱柱的pH适用范围为1～14;柱压与SOURCE色谱柱相当,且低于Hypersil C8色谱柱和Polaris C18色谱柱的柱压,可在更高流速下操作;MKF-RP色谱柱的非极性与SOURCE色谱柱相当;MKF-RP色谱柱的超载性能优于SOURCE色谱柱,其对IL-2进样液的最大载样量为300 μg.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.