共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Alessio Alesci Andrea Salvo Eugenia Rita Lauriano Teresa Gervasi Deborah Palombieri Maurizio Bruno 《Natural product research》2015,29(12):1122-1126
The effect of astaxanthin (3,3′-dihydroxy-s-carotene-4,4′-dione) on alcohol-induced morphological changes in Carassius auratus, as an experimental model, was determined. The yeast Phaffia rhodozyma was used as a source of astaxanthin. The animals were divided into three groups for 30 days: one group was treated with ethanol at a dose of 1.5% mixed in water, the second one with EtOH 1.5% and food enriched with astaxanthin from P. rhodozyma, and the third was a control group. After a sufficient experimental period, the samples were processed using light microscopy and evaluated by histomorphological and histochemical staining, and the data were supported by immunohistochemical analysis, using a wide range of antibodies, such as calbindin, vimentin and alpha-smooth muscle actin. The results show that the alcoholic damage in the kidney led to hypoxia. In contrast, the group fed with astaxanthin from P. rhodozyma showed a normal morphological picture, with better glomeruli organisation and the presence of the area of filtration. Furthermore, the immunohistochemistry has confirmed these results. 相似文献
2.
Photosensitization of the yeast phaffia rhodozyma at a low temperature for screening carotenoid hyperproducing mutants 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gil-Hwan An 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》1997,66(3):263-268
Phaffia rhodozyma strain Ant-1 produces more carotenoids, known as antioxidants, but it was more sensitive to light plus toluidine blue O (TBO),
a superoxide producer, than wild strain 67-385 at 20°C. Carotenoid hyper-producing mutants (CHMs), Ant-1 and 2A2N, exhibited
decreased activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) compared to 67-385, and this is in part responsible for hypersensitivity
of the mutants to photosensitization. Light plus TBO at 2°C allowed carotenoid hyperproducing mutants to produce higher colony-forming
units than the wild-type. Photosensitization with limited cell metabolism by a low temperature, provides an idea of selective
conditions for carotenoid hyperproducers ofP. rhodozyma. 相似文献
3.
Xiping Du Chun Wang Ling Wu Zhipeng Li Faizan Ahmed Sadiq Zedong Jiang Feng Chen Hui Ni Qingbiao Li 《Journal of separation science》2020,43(16):3206-3215
An effective two‐dimensional liquid chromatography method has been established for the analysis of all‐trans‐astaxanthin and its geometric isomers from Phaffia rhodozyma employing a C18 column at the first dimension and a C30 column in the second dimension, connected by a 10‐port valve using the photo‐diode array detector. The regression equation of astaxanthin calibration curve was established, and the precision and accuracy values were found to be in the range of 0.32–1.14% and 98.21–106.13%, respectively. By using two‐dimensional liquid chromatography, it was found that day light, ultrasonic treatment, and heat treatment have significant influence on the content of all‐trans‐astaxanthin in the extract from P. rhodozyma due to the transformation of all‐trans‐astaxanthin to cis‐astaxanthin. The day light and ultrasonic treatments more likely transform all‐trans‐astaxanthin to 9‐cis‐astaxanthin, and the thermal treatment transforms all‐trans‐astaxanthin to 13‐cis‐astaxanthin. These results indicate that the two‐dimensional liquid chromatography method can facilitate monitoring astaxanthin isomerization in the raw extract from P. rhodozyma. In addition, the study will provide a general reference for monitoring other medicals and bioactive chemicals with geometric isomers. 相似文献
4.
Ali Osman Abdel-Rahaman M. Merwad Azza H. Mohamed Mahmoud Sitohy 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(9)
Papain and pepsin-hydrolyzed whey protein (PAH and PEH, respectively) were prepared and characterized for its degree of hydrolysis, chemical constituents (amino acid and peptides) and antioxidant activity. A field experiment was conducted at El Salheya El Gedida City, Sharqia, Egypt, during the seasons 2019 and 2020, to investigate the biological action of the foliar spray of PAH and PEH on the growth and yield of pea plants cultivated in a clay loam soil. Foliar application of the papain and pepsin-hydrolyzed whey protein (PAH and PEH, respectively) at 1000 and 2000 mg/L was applied three times after 25, 35 and 45 days from planting. All protein foliar spray treatments had significant positive effects on the uptake of N, P and K, simultaneously increasing the contents of all the photosynthetic pigments (Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b and Carotenoids) in a concentration-dependent manner. The most conspicuous increase was seen in Chlorophyll b (105% increase), followed by Carotenoids (91% increase). Generally, the favorable increases caused by the second level of application (2000 mg/L) were nearly 2–3 times that of the low level (1000 mg/L). Pod growth and formation indicators, e.g., no. of pod/plant, pod length and no. of seeds/pod, responded more evidently to the hydrolyzed than the intact form of whey protein treatments. Hydrolyzed whey protein foliar spray treatments achieved significantly higher increases in the global field yield components of Pisum sativum plants than the intact form, where peptic hydrolysates were significantly superior to papain hydrolysate. The treatment PEH (2000 mg/L) can be recommended as the most effective bio-stimulating foliar spray treatment for higher plant productivity when applied 25, 35 and 45 days after planting. 相似文献
5.
蛋白质变性机理与变性时的热力学参数研究进展 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
生物大分子是近年来生命科学的研究热点和难点之一,而对蛋白质变性的研究有助于深刻揭示生命现象的机理.利用光谱学和热力学可以分别从微观和宏观角度对蛋白质变性进行研究,并由此得到表征蛋白质变性的热力学参数.这对深入了解蛋白质的折叠与伸展、变性机理、结构稳定性及生命体的新陈代谢等问题具有很大意义.近年来,国内外学者在此方面做了大量的工作,主要涉及蛋白质在水溶液中的变性机理、在有变性剂存在下水溶液中的变性机理及在含有其它物质水溶液中的变性机理.用来表征蛋白质变性的热力学参数有热容、变性自由能、变性焓和变性熵等.本文对这些研究进行了概述. 相似文献
6.
Valduga E Valério A Treichel H Furigo Júnior A Di Luccio M 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2009,157(1):61-69
With the objective of determining the kinetic behavior (growth, substrate, pH, and carotenoid production) and obtain the stoichiometric
parameters of the fermentative process by Sporidiobolus salmonicolor in synthetic and agroindustrial media, fermentations were carried out in shaken flasks at 25°C, 180 rpm, and initial pH of
4.0 for 120 h in the dark, sampling every 6 h. The maximum concentrations of total carotenoids in synthetic (913 μg/L) and
agroindustrial (502 μg/L) media were attained approximately 100 h after the start of the fermentative process. Carotenoid
bioproduction is associated with cell growth and the ratio between carotenoid production and cell growth (Y
P/X) is 176 and 163 μg/g in the synthetic and agroindustrial media, respectively. The pH of the agroindustrial fermentation medium
varied from 4.2 to 8.5 during the fermentation. The specific growth rate (μ
X) for S. salmonicolor in synthetic and agroindustrial media was 0.07 and 0.04 h−1, respectively. The synthetic medium allowed for greater productivity, obtaining maximum cell productivity (P
x) of 0.08 g L−1 h−1 and maximum total carotenoid productivity (P
car) of 14.2 μg L−1 h−1. Knowledge of the kinetics of a fermentative process is of extreme importance when transposing a laboratory experiment to
an industrial scale, as well as making a quantitative comparison between different culture conditions. 相似文献
7.
超高效液相色谱法同时鉴定育发化妆品中17种植物提取物标识成分 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立了同时鉴定育发化妆品中芍药苷、羟基红花黄色素A、毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、阿魏酸等17种植物提取物标识成分的超高效液相分析方法。不同基质的样品经80%甲醇溶液涡旋振荡、超声提取及Na Cl法破乳后,提取液经高速离心处理。选用Waters ACUITY UPLC CSH C18反相色谱柱(50 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm),以甲醇/0.05%H3PO4为流动相,梯度洗脱,然后采用二极阵列管检测器(PDA)进行测定。考察了方法的灵敏度、线性范围、回收率、日内和日间精密度。在本方法条件下,17种标识功效成分在0.2~25 mg/L的浓度范围内呈良好线性关系,相关系数均大于0.999;方法检出限为0.3~1.5 mg/kg,方法定量限为1.0~4.0 mg/kg。样品的回收率为93.5%~105.0%,日内精密度(n=6)为0.4%~4.5%,日间精密度(n=6)为0.8%~4.6%。本方法简单、快速、准确,已成功用于实际样品中17种标识功效成分的鉴定检测。 相似文献
8.
R. H. Plumb JR. 《International journal of environmental analytical chemistry》2013,93(2-4):257-279
Abstract The passage of environmental legislation in the United States has dramatically increased ground-water monitoring in the vicinity of point sources such as abandoned waste disposal sites, operational waste disposal sites, and municipal landfills. Even though these programs require sufficient sampling to define background conditions as part of the site characterization process, there is still a general absence of quantitative information on the magnitude and periodicity of temporal fluctuations for inorganic constituents in ground water. This paper presents an approach that has been used to develop an initial characterization of these temporal trends. A search if on-going site investigation reports identified 18 facilities across the United States that had monthly monitoring data at a frequency of at least monthly for a period of one and a half years or longer (15 RCRA-C hazardous waste disposal facilities with monthly data for a period of 2–3 years, 2 research monitoring locations with biweekly monitoring data for a period of one and a half years, and a precious metal mining operation with daily monitoring data for a limited number of parameters for a period of one and a half years). The data from these site investigations were used to describe the temporal variability of several ground-water constituents including pH, specific conductance, sulfate, sodium, chloride, alkalinity, silica, iron, and manganese. An assessment of these data suggests that the magnitude of temporal ground-water fluctuations are on the order of 20 percent of the average concentration for chloride, 10 percent of the average concentration for sodium, manganese and specific conductance, 5 percent of the average concentration for alkalinity and pH, and essentially zero for silica. The apparent periodicities of these temporal fluctuations ranged from 40 weeks to approximately 2 years. The magnitude and periodicities in ground water are substantially smaller than those that have been reported and documented for the same constituents in surface waters. These differences are due to the fact that sunlight and wind, two energy factors that drive temporal cycles in surface water, do not exert a similar influence on the environmental chemistry of ground-water constituents. 相似文献
9.
Template-based sol electrophoretic deposition has been demonstrated as an attractive method for the synthesis of oxide nanorod
arrays, including simple and complex oxides in the forms of amorphous, polycrystalline, and single crystal. This paper systematically
studied a number of processing parameters to control nanorod growth by sol electrophoretic deposition. The influences of particle
and template zeta potentials, condensation rate, deposition rate (or externally applied electric field), the presence of organic
additives, and sol concentration on the growth of nanorod arrays were studied. It was found that higher zeta potential or
electric field resulted in higher growth rates but less dense packing. Templates with charge opposite to that of the sol particles
prevented formation of dense nanorods, sometimes resulting in nanotubes, depending on the field strength during electrophoresis.
In addition, the pH of the sol and chelating additives were also varied and likely affected the deposition process by affecting
the condensation reactions. 相似文献
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电导率是研究水溶液中离子型表面活性剂胶束化行为的重要方法,本文总结了这个灵敏测定技术,分别着重讨论了两个重要特征参数(临界胶束浓度(cmc)和胶束的反离子解离度(α))的提取方法、电导率曲线某些特殊情况的分析以及预胶束化行为的研究,这对运用电导率技术研究当前不断增多的具有强分子间相互作用的表面活性剂(例如Geminis)体系具有参考价值. 相似文献
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The study of the energetics of the accepted intradimer diamond growth mechanism over (100) diamond surface is presented. The calculations were made in a density functional approach with the DGauss code using a DZVP2 basis set and a BLYP interchange and correlation potential. A simple 9-carbon cluster modeling the (100) diamond surface was used; its validity is discussed in relation with other calculations that used larger model clusters. The mechanism, presented in six steps, is based in the Harris and Garrison's work that considers the methyl radical as the main growth precursor agent and the breaking of the dimer surface bond with the corresponding methylene radical formation as a prior step to the formation of a CH2-bridge structure, which is a feasible step; in contrast to these molecular dynamics results, Huang and Frenklach, using semiempirical methods, consider the breaking of the dimer surface bond and the formation of a CH2-bridge structure as one step and this step as the energetically determinant of the mechanism. They also found an activation energy barrier for the interaction between a radical surface center with a H and CH3. The present work tries to discern between these two ideas by calculating the activation barriers and the reaction energies for each step of the Harris and Garrison's mechanism in a density functional approach and comparing them to the results of Huang and Frenklach. The energy calculations point toward the scission of the dimer bond (step 4) as the determinant step; this step is endothermic, with an energy barrier of 50.43 kcal-mol–1. On the other hand, the formation of the CH2-bridge structure (step 5) is a feasible step with an energy barrier of 13.57 kcal-mol–1. The adsorption of CH3 (step 2) and H (step 6) species over radical surface sites did not involve any energy barriers, as it would be hoped. These steps were strongly exothermic and are close to the thermodynamic values for C—C and C—H bond energies. The removal of methylic hydrogen (step 3) did not show any problem because the activation barrier is only 3.68 kcal-mol–1 less than the removal of a surface hydrogen (step 1), which has an energy barrier of 19.59 kcal-mol–1. All steps, except number 4, were exothermic. 相似文献
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Controllable synthesis of MoS2 with desired number of layers via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) remains challenging. Hence, it is highly desirable to develop a theoretical model that can be used to predict the single- and multilayer growth of MoS2 quantitatively, and provide guidelines for experimental fabrication. Herein we have established a kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) model to predict the CVD growth of mono- and bilayer MoS2. First, we proposed that the growth rates of layer 1 and layer 2 were governed by the distribution of the adatom concentration, and the growth kinetics of compact triangular MoS2 followed the kink nucleation-propagation mechanism. The adatom concentration was formulated in terms of adatom flux, effective lifetime of adatoms, growth temperature, binding energies, edge energies, and nucleation criterion. The kink nucleation and propagation were determined by energy barriers of the adatom attachments to the zigzag and armchair edges. We then employed an analytic thermodynamic criterion to extract these parameters. Using the calibrated model, we found that the growth rate of layer 2 strongly depended on the size of layer 1 and decreased monotonically with increasing size of layer 1, and might even become prohibited at the maximum size of layer 1. Furthermore, we analyzed the size and morphology evolutions of bilayer MoS2 at different growth temperatures and adatom fluxes. Throughout the growth processes of bilayer MoS2, the morphologies of layers 1 and 2 maintained triangular shapes with compact edges, consistent with the kink nucleation-propagation growth mechanism. Our simulations revealed that the growth of bilayer MoS2 was promoted by increasing the growth temperature or decreasing the adatom flux, which corroborated the experimental observations. The increase in growth temperature led to reduced adatom concentration at the edge of layer 2 in accordance with the adatom concentration far from the edge of layer 2, resulting in a consistent difference in the adatom concentration to promote the growth of bilayer MoS2. Similarly, the decrease in adatom flux lowered the difference between the adatom concentrations far from the edge and at the edge of layer 1, decelerating the growth of layer 1. The decelerated growth of layer 1 reduced the difference between the adatom concentrations far from the edge and at the edge of layer 2 to zero, permitting the growth of bilayer MoS2. To guide the experimental synthesis, we constructed a phase diagram to delineate the permitted or prohibited growth of bilayer MoS2 at different growth temperatures and adatom fluxes. Hence, this work not only unveils the conditions for the growth of mono- and bi-layer MoS2, but also provides guidelines for controllable synthesis of MoS2 with the desired number of layers. 相似文献
17.
溶菌酶晶体生长前期溶液中聚集体研究 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
用动态光散射法研究了不同浓度NaCl对溶菌酶晶体生长前期溶液中聚集体状态的影响,并将这些溶液中的聚集体吸附到硅片表面,用原子力显微镜进行了观察.结果表明,在NaCl浓度为0~0.5 mol·L-1时,随着NaCl浓度的升高,溶液中大的聚集体逐渐消失,直至基本上只存在几纳米大小的聚集体.测量了相应条件下溶液的Zeta电势值以说明NaCl与溶菌酶之间的相互作用的变化情况.本文从溶液中无序聚集体的角度出发提出了判断晶体能否生长的一个可能的标准,并对动态光散射与原子力显微镜的结果进行了对比和分析. 相似文献
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血清微量元素与儿童少年身高生长的相关研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
报道了6-18岁在校学生身高生长突增的情况以及身高突增期前后血清中Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn、Se、Pb8种元素含量的变化。结果表明,女生身高生长突增开始、达到高峰及突增结束年龄均早于男生约2年。在身高生长的三个阶段,血清Ga、Mn、Cu、Se、Pb含量都有显著或极显著差异。血清Ca在身高突增期以后水平较低,血清Mn在身高突增期以前水平较低,血清Cu在身高突增期以前水平较高,血清Se、Pb则呈渐减趋势。而两性间除血清Cu女生高于男生外,其它各元素均无显著性羌异。 相似文献