广州员村地区0—6岁健康儿童头发微量元素分析

为观察不同年龄、性别健康儿童微量元素之间的关系，对广州员村地区７５４名０￣６岁儿童进行了头发微量元素锌、铁、铜以及宏量元素钙测定。结果表明：新生儿发锌明显高于其他年龄组；６个月￣１岁儿童发锌、铁、钙均低于其他年龄组，与各年龄组比较有显著差异；５￣６头儿童发铜低于其他年龄组，且女童发铜、钙高于男童（Ｐ〈０．０５），提示在不同年龄、性别儿童之间头发微量元素含量存在一定差异。     

644例儿童头发微量元素检测结果分析

对肇庆市城区６４４例五岁以下儿童头发锌、铁、铜、钙进行了检测，结果显示：缺锌、缺铜是该区儿童生长发育阶段普遍存在的营养缺乏症，患病率与性别无关，但与年龄有关，３￣４岁组为高发年龄段，与其它年龄组比较，Ｐ〈０．０５，有显著性差异。认为本区儿童微量元素缺乏症患病率偏高，值得儿保工作者和家长关注。     

佝偻病与微量元素营养关系临床研究

通过５０例佝偻病儿头发中微量元素锌、铜、铁的检测，并与健康儿童对照研究，发现患儿有明显的缺锌（Ｐ〈０．００１），结果提示，缺锌对佝偻病的发生，发展起重要作用，佝偻病与缺锌密切相关。     

东乡族3～14岁儿童血钙、镁、铁、铜、锌含量分析

为调查东乡族儿童指端元素水平,用火焰原子吸收法测定了该地区272名3~14岁儿童指端血的钙、镁、铁、铜、锌5种元素含量。结果表明,东乡族儿童普遍缺乏铁和锌,钙、镁、铁、铜、锌缺乏率男生依次为8.11%、2.70%、10.13%、8.78%、10.81%;女生依次为7.50%、2.50%、7.50%、8.33%、9.17%,各年龄段男女生缺锌均占第一位,钙、铁次之,铜和镁在各年龄组基本正常。提示儿童矿物质元素缺乏问题应引为重视,需要进一步改善儿童饮食结构,及时给予儿童生长发育必要的营养补充。     

深圳市宝安区儿童头发中微量元素含量与儿童眼病关系的研究

通过对2001～2003年深圳市宝安区独生子女(0～14岁)近20000例体检情况统计，结合测定头发中微量元素锌、铁、铜、钙、锰、硒六种元素含量，对照健康人微量元素测定，发现缺锌、缺铜、缺硒儿童较健康儿童更易患近视，这一结论与相关报道一致。     

中山市火炬开发区1078例儿童头发微量元素临床研究

为了探讨微量元素对儿童健康的影响,检测了中山市火炬开发区1078名2个月－14岁儿童头发锌,锌,铜,钙,锰,铅,结果发现,不同年龄儿童同一元素的含量不同,婴,幼儿组发锌,铁,钙明显低于其他年龄组,同时缺锌,缺铁,铁钙,高铅是引起儿童厌食,佝偻病, 呼吸道感染的主要原因,建议针对病因开展儿童微量元素缺乏的防治工作。     

南昌市某地区学龄前儿童血液中微量元素含量探讨

目的通过对南昌市某地区950名学龄前儿童血样分析,探讨该地区婴幼儿血中铜、锌、钙、镁、铁含量的正常水平及其与年龄、性别的关系。方法采用原子吸收分光光度法测定南昌某地区0~7岁学龄前儿童血液中微量元素铜、锌、钙、镁、铁的含量,对其结果进行统计学分析。结果血铁、锌在各年龄组间有显著性差异(P0.05),血铜、钙、镁在各年龄组间差异不显著(P0.05),铁、钙、镁的含量随年龄的增加呈下降趋势,但均在正常水平。结论既往儿童普遍存在的钙缺乏现象已得到纠正,各年龄组儿童锌、铁缺乏常见,儿童膳食中锌、铁的补充亦应得到进一步重视。     

826例儿童发铅、锌、铜、铁、钙含量分析

探讨了东乡县儿童体内微量元素情况。对826例儿童发铅、锌、铜、铁、钙检测结果分各年龄组进行了分析。结果表明,826例儿童中发铅含量超标512例,占61．99％;发锌含量低标604例,占73．1％;发铜含量低标46例,占5．6％;发铁含量低标95例,占11．5％;发钙含量低标116例,占19．6％,占19．6％。5种元素含量与年龄有关,随着年龄增大,发铅、锌、铜、钙含量下降,发铁含量上升。分析表明,儿童铅污染、锌、钙缺乏程度相当普遍且严重。在儿童生长发育期进行常规的微量元素检测非常必要。     

微量元素的增龄变化

人体内有害元素含量随增龄而升高,而必需微量元素含量大多随增龄而降低。例如:美国的调查表明,老年人缺锌,发锰含量随年龄增长而下降,老年人下降特别明显。SANER发现,尿铬随增龄而减少。据上海测定,老年人发硒低于成年人。THIMAYAS等发现,青春期发硒明显高于老年期。人发硒含量一般于16~40岁开始下降,61~70岁年龄组最低。THOMSON等发现老年人血硒水平降低,关于铜的增龄变化,各测量结果很不一致。某些结果显示,血清铜的含量有随增龄而下降的趋势。据上海测定,老年人发铜明显升高。铁的增龄变化特点是,血清铁蛋白增多,铁贮量增多,骨髓利用铁下降。上海测定结果显示,老年人发铁比年轻人明显升高。微量元素的增龄变化@颜世铭     

兰州市城关区313名儿童血铅水平及其钙、铁、铜和锌的调查研究

为了解兰州市城关区儿童血铅水平及其钙、锌、铁、铜等微量元素分布状况,对兰州市城关区某幼儿园及同时期来我院儿保体检的正常儿童采耳用微量血无火焰原子吸收光谱法进行铅、钙、锌、铜、铁元素的测定。结果表明,本次调查儿童血铅≥10μg/dL者占93．9％,各年龄组间钙、锌、铜、铁有显著性差异。提示血铅水平与锌、钙存在相关关系。     

普宁市60例危重住院儿童铁磷镁锌的测定及临床分析

为探讨危重症住院儿童体内微量元素含量与健康的关系 ,用电感耦合高频等离子体发射光谱法 ,对住院的 60例危重症儿童进行了全血铁磷镁锌测定 ,并分性别与正常值和对治疗前后健康情况进行了比较。结果表明 ,与正常值比较危重儿童的铁锌明显缺乏 (P <0 0 1 ) ,镁磷缺乏不显著 (P >0 0 5 ) ,与性别关系不大 (P >0 0 5 ) ,药物及膳食治疗前后有显著性差异 (P <0 0 1 ) ,与健康有明显关系。提示危重症住院儿童铁锌普通缺乏 ,与健康有明显关系 ,合理营养及药物治疗 ,能缩短疗程提高治愈率。     

350例儿童血液中微量元素铁、锌、钙、硒临床分析

临床观察了350例儿童血液微量元素铁、锌、钙、硒缺乏对儿童生长发育的影响。观察结果表明，此350例患儿存在不同程度的微量元素缺乏。其中硒的缺乏最为严重，达91．7％；钙缺乏达85，7％；锌缺乏达25．4％。350例儿童均存在不同程度的生长发育迟缓和多汗、厌食、头发稀少和反复呼吸道感染、贫血、佝偻病等。     

Serum sample levels of bromine, iron, scandium and zinc in preschool children of Atayal and Bunun aborigines living in central Taiwan

Summary This study determined bromine, iron, scandium and zinc serum levels in Taiwanese aboriginal preschool children living in remote mountainous areas to increase the understanding of the social, cultural, nutrient and ethnic background of the Taiwanese children. Seventy-three serum samples were taken from two ethnic groups of preschool children, Atayal aborigines (AAPC) and Bunun aborigines (BAPC). Sera of these children were freeze dried. Trace elements in sera were identified by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). The accuracy and precision of INAA was evaluated using certified reference materials: Tomato Leaves (NIST-SRM 1570a) and Lichen (IAEA-336). Statistical analysis identified several different patterns for ethnic groups, gender and age via the two-tailed Student's t-test. Analytical results showed that the ranges of Br, Fe, Sc and Zn in sera were somewhat wide. The Zn serum levels (p<0.05) and Br serum levels (p<0.01) in the AAPC were significantly lower than those in the BAPC. However, there were no significant differences in Fe or Sc serum levels between the two groups. Analytical results were compared to published data for different counties. This study is the first investigating trace elements in Taiwanese aborigines and can be used to establish a much-needed serum element database.     

单纯性肥胖症儿童血清锌铜铁钙的变化及意义

测定了福州地区88例单纯性肥胖症儿童及50例健康儿血清锌、铜、铁、钙含量。结果显示,肥胖组血清Zn水平显著升高,Fe、Cu、Ca水平无变化,Cu/Zn比值降低。说明体内微量元素变化以锌明显,铜相对缺少。对于疾病的治疗和控制有指导性价值。     

肝炎患儿发锌,铜,铅,镉含量的分析

采用闰溶出法测定８２例肝炎患儿的头发中锌,铜,铅,镉含量。结果显示,大多数急,慢性肝炎患儿发锌含量降低;发铜增高者仅占１／４和１／８,肝慢性肝炎中发铜降低者红占１／３,为急性肝炎的３倍;     

Heavy metals assessment in the hair of street children by INAA method,Isfahan

The street children phenomenon is an increasing problem in most cities of the world including Isfahan, which is a fast growing town. The number of street children with the growth of the town is increased. It is therefore important to have baseline data on their health problems. Hair element analysis remains an important tool in the nutritional and environmental assessment of them. A measurement of the elemental concentration in recently-grown hair provides an integrated view of the element status in the follicular cells and their blood supply, unaffected by short term fluctuations in the nutrient intake of the subject. This study aimed to assess heavy metals concentrations in the hair of street children in Isfahan using neutron activation analysis method. The concentration of heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Fe, Hg, Mn, and Zn) of 17 Iranian street children (Isfahan) was examined. Data analysis found that different profiles of the concentrations of Cr, Hg, Mn, and Zn were seen in each sample. These results were discussed with reference to show of environmental effects.     

Analysis of calcium, oxalate, and citrate interaction in idiopathic calcium urolithiasis in children

The majority of urinary stones in children are composed of calcium oxalate. To investigate the interaction between urinary calcium, oxalate, and citrate as major risk factors for calcium stones formation, their 24-h urinary excretion was determined in 30 children with urolithiasis and 15 normal healthy children. The cutoff points between children with urolithiasis and healthy children, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for each risk factor alone as well as for all three taken together were determined. OneR and J4.8 classifiers as parts of the larger data mining software Weka, based on machine learning algorithms, were used for the determination of the cutoff points for differentiation of the children. The decision tree based on J4.8 classifier analysis of all three risk factors together proved to be the best for differentiating stone formers from normal children. In comparison to the accuracy of the differentiation after calcium and oxalate of 80% and 75.6%, respectively, the decision tree showed an accuracy of 97.8%. Even when its stability was tested by the leave-one-out cross-validation procedure, the accuracy remained at a very acceptable percentage of 93.2% correctly classified patients. J4.8 classifier analysis gave a look inside urinary calcium, oxalate, and citrate interaction. Urinary calcium excretion was shown as the most informative in discrimination of the children with urolithiasis from healthy children. However, it was shown that oxalate and citrate excretions might influence the stone formation in a subpopulation of the stone formers. In patients with low urinary calcium, a major role in lithogenesis belongs to oxalate, in some of them alone and in others in conjunction with citrate. Decreased urinary citrate excretion in the presence of increased oxalate excretion may lead to stone formation.     

反复上呼吸道感染患儿发样微量元素锌,铜,铁检测结果分析

采用示波极谱法对１８３名反复上呼吸道感染患儿及１１８名健康体检儿同时进行发样锌，铁，铜测定，结果表明，反复上呼吸道感染儿发锌，铁均低于健康体检儿，有高度显著性差异，铜只在婴儿组反复感儿高于健康体检儿，其它各年龄组反复上感儿低于健康栓检儿或无显著性差异，说明以２儿童进行常规发样微量元素普查，发现低锌，低铁者及时给予补充，可减少感染性疾病的发生率。铜与免疫功能的关系尚待研究。     

小儿肾病综合征患儿血中锌,铜,铁,钙,铅的研究

为探讨小儿肾病综合征患儿血中锌,铜,铁钙,铅的变化规律,对６０例小儿肾病综合征和６０例正常儿童全血中锌,铜,铁、钙,铅含量进行了对比观察。结果表明,小儿肾病综合征患儿以上５种元素均比正常儿童降低,