17β-雌二醇-6-(O-羧甲基)肟-牛血清白蛋白结合物的合成

Lindner等早就提出了甾体分子的功能团和牛血清白蛋白(BSA)连接有获得高度专一性的免疫血清的可能性。后来的实践完全证明了这点。用放射免疫测量血相中的甾体化合物的含量就不必像以前那样要对血相提取物进行层析分离而可以直接测定。因此近十年以来,甾体化合物的放射免疫测定(radioimmunoassay,RIA)得到了迅速的发展。一般来说,甾体分子结构不同,与血清蛋白结合后对其有关活性具有最大的影响,所有动物注射了17β-雌二醇的免疫血清后产生了合适的高浓度和高度专一性的免疫血清。17β-雌二醇的免疫血清是从注射了17β-雌二醇-6-(O-羧甲基)肟牛血清白蛋白(Ⅰ)*的兔中获得的。我们制备了化合物(Ⅰ),以17β-雌二醇(Ⅱ)为原料,用醋酐吡啶乙酰化得17β-雌     

7α-甲基-19-羟基-睾丸素-17β-乙酸酯用节杆菌芳构化: 7α-甲基-雌甾酚醇-17β-乙酸酯和7α-甲基-雌甾酚酮的合成

雌甾酚酮(la)和雌甾酚醇(lb)是治疗妇科病的要药。其17位的乙炔衍生物乙炔雌二醇(lc)及其3-甲醚化合物ld是甾体口服避孕药的组分。7α-甲基-雌甾酚酮(le)的生理活性比la大2～3倍,7α-甲基-乙炔雌二醇(lf)的生理活性比lb大20倍。文献报道le或7α-甲基-雌甾酚醇(lg)是由7α-甲基-△~(1,4)-3-酮或7α-甲基-△~4,6-3-酮及其相应的19-失碳甾体化合物经高温或经酸重排等方法制得;也有用节杆菌转化7α-甲基-19-失碳睾丸素而制得。所有这些合成方法不仅步骤多,而且得率往往不佳。本文报道     

尿甾类物的气相色谱分析

利用气相色谱研究人尿中甾体激素的代谢产物已有不少报导,一般利用硅烷化试剂与甾体分子中所含羟基反应,制备成三甲基硅醚(TMS)衍生物后再进行气相色谱分析。在室温下,除了17-α的叔羟基和11-β立体位阻较大的羟基外,其余位置的羟基均可顺利反应,重现性好。对于同时含有酮基和羟基的分子可先使酮基反应生成甲肟(MO)衍生物,然后再进行三甲基硅烷化。 Stillwell等曾应用色谱-质谱联用技术研究了甾体避孕药的代谢产物。我们在研究长效口服避孕药-环戊醚乙炔雌二醇(CEE)对尿中中性激素代谢产物影响的工作中,着重试验了雄激素和孕激素代     

液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定饮用水中6种雌激素

建立了液相色谱-质谱法测定饮用水中17-β-雌二醇、17-α-雌二醇、17-α-乙炔雌二醇、己烷雌酚(HEX)、己烯雌酚(DES)和双烯雌酚(DE)6种雌激素的分析方法.样品经乙腈萃取,Oasis HLB柱富集净化后,采用液相色谱-质谱法测定.方法在5～100 μg/L范围内呈良好线性,相关系数为0.994～1.000...     

(3E)-胆甾-4-烯-3,6-二酮-3-肟和(6E)-胆甾-4-烯-3,6-二酮-6-肟的1D-NMR谱学特征及构象分析

采用1H和13C NMR对海绵中存在的同分异构体(6E)-胆甾-4-烯-3,6-二酮-6-肟(1)和(3E)-胆甾-4-烯-3,6-二酮-3-肟(2)进行结构分析,表征了它们在1H和13C NMR波谱中H2～H7及C2～C7之问的谱学差别,并对造成这种差别的原因进行了分析,同时对这两种位置异构体进行了构象分析和结构区分.     

(3E)-胆甾-4-烯-3,6-二酮-3-肟及其类似物的合成

以胆甾醇为原料,经氯铬酸吡啶氧化生成胆甾-4-烯-3,6-二酮(2),2与盐酸羟胺反应合成了(3E)-胆甾-4-烯-3,6-二酮-3-肟(3),总收率66%。利用合成3的反应条件合成了两个3的类似物——(3E)豆甾-4-烯-3,6-二酮-3-肟(6)和(3E)-谷甾-4-烯-3,6-二酮-3-肟(7)。2,3,6和7的结构经NMR和IR表征。     

19-失碳-16-次甲基-17α-乙酰氧基黄体酮及其⊿6-脱氢物的合成

具有激素活性的19-失碳-16-次甲基-17α-乙酰氧基黄体酮(10)可从3β-乙酰氧基-16β-甲基-16α,17α-环氧孕甾-5-烯-20-酮(1)经九步反应合成。1先与HOCl加成得5α-氯-6β-羟基衍生物(2),后者再与四醋酸铅及碘在苯中反应而成6β,19-环氧化物3;16α,17α-环氧结构破环后生成16-次甲基衍生物5,在碳酸氢钾-甲醇溶液中3β-乙酰氧基被选择性水解为3β-羟基衍生物6,6经Jones氧化并除去HCl成7,后者用锌及醋酸还原成19-羟基化合物8α;8α经Jones氧化成19-羧酸衍生物9,最后脱羧便得目的物10。8α用四氯苯醌脱氢成Δ⁶衍生物11α,再经氧化、脱羧便得Δ⁶-19-失碳-16-次甲基-17α-乙酰氧基黄体酮(13)。     

屈螺酮分子中6β,7β-亚甲基结构的简便构建及屈螺酮的合成

设计了简便构建屈螺酮分子中6β,7β-亚甲基结构的合成路线,并合成了屈螺酮.以16β,16β-亚甲基-3-氧代-17α-孕甾-4,6-二烯-21,17-羰内酯为起始原料,依次经硼氢化钠还原、间氯过氧苯甲酸环氧化、氢化铝锂还原性开环、Simmons-Smith加成以及铬酐氧化等5步反应得到目标化合物屈螺酮.中间体4β,5...     

Δ^4-3, 6-二酮甾体结构单元合成的改进

本文以吡啶铬酐盐酸盐(PCC)氧化剂,无水乙酸钠为缓冲试剂,在二氯甲烷中,室温,氧化两种甾-5-烯-3-醇,胆固醇(1a)和16,17α-环氧-孕甾-5-烯-3-醇(1b),经较长时间的反应,分别以84%和82%的收率制备了胆甾-4-烯-3,6-二酮和16,17α-环氧-孕甾-4-烯-3,6-二酮。这种方法简便易行,后处理方便,试剂易得,而且产品纯度较好,因此是一种具有一定实际价值的方法。     

两种卤代甾体肟类化合物的合成(英文)

从胆固醇出发,经卤代反应、布朗反应、琼斯试剂氧化、肟化四步反应,合成了两种卤代甾体肟类化合物:3-氯胆甾-6-肟和3-氟胆甾-6-肟。通过红外光谱和核磁共振谱表征了它们的结构。     

Synthesis of D-(6R) - and D-(6S) -(6-2H1) glucose

Chemical synthesis ofD-(6R)- and D(6S)-(6-²H₁) glucose is described comprising (i) formation of 6-²H₁)-3-o-benzyl-5,6-dideoxy-l, 2-0-isopropylidene-α-D-xylo-hex-5-ynofuranose from D-glucose; (ii) stereospecific reduction of the deuterated acetylene functionality to (E)- or (Z)-deuterated olefin; (iii) stereospecific cis-dihydroxylation of the deuterated olefin; and (iv) separation of stereoisomers based on the intrinsic chirality of D-glucose and subsequent deprotection.     

Novel 6-(trifiuoromethyl)cytosines and 6-(trifluoromethyl)uracils

Ethyl 3-amino-4,4,4-trifluorocrotonate ( 3 ) has been converted by a one step reaction with alkyl and aryl isocyanates to novel 3-substituted-6-(trifluoromethyI)uracils. Also several 3-amino-4,4,4-trifluorocrotonitriles ( 11a-c ) have been cyclized to novel 6-(trifluoromethyI)cytosines ( 13a-c ) and then hydrolyzed to the corresponding uracils ( 4, 14b-c ). Alkylation studies with isopropyl bromide of three 6-(trifluoromethyl)uracils ( 1, 4, 5 ) are described.     

Al(CN)6(3-) and Al(NC)6(3-) trianions

At this time the smallest trianions observed in the gas phase are fluorinated fullerenes and large organic ring systems with attached sulfonic acid groups. Considerably smaller trianions have been predicted to be sufficiently stable for observation in mass spectrometers, but have not yet been detected. Here two isomers of the aluminium cyanide trianion, Al(CN)(6)(3-) and Al(NC)(6)(3-), are studied using ab initio methods. These two isomers are predicted to be electronically stable and to show substantial barriers with respect to dissociation of CN(-) units. Thus, the investigated trianions hit a sweat-spot regarding the possibility of detection, as they are by far more robust with respect to dissociation than alkali halide trianions, while at the same time materials from which these trianions can at least in principle be formed are much more readily available than those needed for producing small covalently bound trianions.     

Facile Syntheses of (6S)-6-Fluoroshikimic Acid and (6R)-6-Hydroxyshikimic Acid

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｓｈｉｋｉｍａｔｅｐａｔｈｗａｙｉｓａｎｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｂｉｏｓｙｎ ｔｈｅｔｉｃｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｅｉｎ ｐｌａｎｔｓ ,ｆｕｎｇｉａｎｄｍｉｃｒｏｏｒｇａｎｉｓｍｓｆｏｒｔｈｅｃｏｎｖｅｒｓｉｏｎｏｆｃａｒｂｏｈｙｄｒａｔｅｓｔｏｔｈｅａｒｏｍａｔｉｃａｍｉｎｏａｃｉｄｓ (Ｌ ｐｈｅｎｙｌａｌａｎｉｎｅ ,Ｌ ｔｙｒｏｓｉｎｅａｎｄＬ ｔｒｙｐｔｏｐｈａｎ)ａｎｄｐｒｅｃｕｒｓｏｒｓｔｏｔｈｅｆｏｌａｔｅｃｏｅｎｚｙｍｅｓ ,ａｌｋａｌｏｉｄｓａｎｄｖｉｔａｍｉｎｓ[1] .Ａｓ…     

Synthesis of (E)-2-methoxy-6-(R-imino)methylphenols and 2-methoxy-6-(R-amino)methylphenols

(E)-2-Methoxy-6-(R-imino)methylphenols were synthesized by the condensation of 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde with primary amines. By reduction of the iminophenols with sodium triacetoxyborohydride 2-methoxy-6-(R-amino)methylphenols were obtained.     

Conformational Analysis of Hydroxymethyl Group of D-Mannose Derivatives Using (6S)- and (6R)-(6-2H1)-D-Mannose

ABSTRACT

D-Mannose derivatives stereospecifically deuterated at C-6 were synthesized and the unequivocal ¹H NMR assignments of H-6proS and H-6pro R were made. The preferred conformation of the hydroxymethyl groups of these compounds are discussed.     

Preparation of 6-(nitron-c-yl)- and 6-(1,3-butadienyl)-2-pyrones and their cycloaddition reactions

6-(N-Substituted nitron-C-yl)-2-pyrones 1 and 6-(4-substituted 1,3-butadienyl)-2-pyrone 2 were prepared and their cycloaddition reactions with three kinds of diene systems were investigated. Namely, the reactions of 1 with methyl acrylate, vinyl crotonate and divinylsulfone took place at the nitrone moiety to afford 3-substituted isoxazolidines 9–14 , and that of 2 with maleimide took place at the 2-pyrone moiety to give a bis-adduct 17 via elimination of carbon dioxide.