共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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采用嵌入原子方法的原子间相互作用势,通过分子动力学方法研究了过渡族金属Cu,Ag,Au,Ni,Pd,Pt(111)表面的相互替位掺杂对表面稳定性的影响,计算了替位掺杂体系的表面能与表面空位形成能,探讨了影响表面稳定性的因素及其变化规律. 计算表明:替位杂质对表面能变化的影响主要是替位杂质的凝聚能和原子半径,而影响空位形成能变化的原因除凝聚能和原子半径外,合金溶解热具有重要的作用. 此外,通过替位杂质导致的体系表面能变化对合金体系的偏析行为进行了预测,理论预测与实验结果符合很好.
关键词:
替位杂质
贵金属
表面能
表面空位形成能 相似文献
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本文将元素变量(φ*和nWS)和MAEAM相结合,从原子尺度上对10种fcc金属Cu,Ag,Au,Ni,Pd,Pt,Rh,Al,Ir和Pb的38个不同晶面的表面能进行模拟计算及各向异性分析. 结果表明,fcc金属的密排面(111)的表面能最小,则该晶粒取向优先生长,与实验结果和第一原理的LMTO-ASA计算结果一致;各个晶面的表面能均随着其他晶面与(111)晶面的夹角cosθ(hkl)的增长而呈线性
关键词:
FCC金属
MAEAM
表面能
表面偏析 相似文献
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基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法研究了BiOCl{001}的三种不同终端面({001}-1Cl, {001}-BiO 和{001}-2Cl)的表面弛豫、能带结构、电子态密度和表面能. 计算结果表明: {001}-1Cl, {001}-BiO和{001}-2Cl表面均发生明显弛豫, 而在双Cl原子层处的层间距变化较大, 但未出现振荡弛豫现象, 其中{001}-1Cl表面弛豫较小. 与体相BiOCl电子结构相比, BiOCl{001}面具有较窄的带隙宽度, 并呈现较强局域性:对于{001}-BiO表面, 其导带与价带均往低能方向发生较大移动, 并且在导带底部出现表面态; 而{001}-2Cl表面的表面态主要出现在价带顶; {001}-1Cl表面的带隙中则无表面态产生; 表面态的出现导致{001}-BiO面和{001}-2Cl面带隙明显减小. BiOCl{001}三种终端表面的表面能分析结果表明, {001}-1Cl表面的表面能最小(0.09206 J·m-2), 结构最稳定, 而{001}-BiO表面和{001}-2Cl表面的表面能分别为2.392和2.461 J·m-2. 理论预测{001}-BiO表面和{001}-2Cl表面具有较高的活性, 但在BiOCl晶体生长过程中不易暴露. 本文计算结果为实验获得BiOCl高活性面{001}给予了基础理论解释, 进一步为BiOCl新型光催化材料的应用研究提供理论指导.
关键词:
BiOCl{001}表面
表面弛豫
表面能
第一性原理 相似文献
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采用第一性原理赝势平面波方法, 计算并详细分析了面心立方Cu晶体及其 (100), (110) 和 (111) 这3个低指数表面的原子结构、 表面能量及表面电子态密度. 表面能的计算结果表明, Cu (111) 表面的结构稳定性最好, Cu (100) 表面次之, Cu (110)表面的结构稳定性最差. 3个表面的表面原子弛豫量随着层数的增加而逐渐减弱. Cu (110) 表面的最表层原子相对收缩最大, Cu (100)表面次之, Cu (111) 表面的最表层原子相对收缩最小. 表面原子弛豫不仅引起表面几何结构的变化, 而且使表面层原子的电子态密度峰形相对晶体内部发生变化, 这是表面能产生的主要原因, 而Cu (110)表面相对于Cu (100)与Cu (111)表面具有高表面活性的主要原因则源于其表面层原子电子态密度在高能级处的波峰相对晶体内部显著的升高.
关键词:
Cu 晶体
表面结构
表面能
态密度 相似文献
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采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理系统研究了B2-和B19'-NiTi合金所有低指数表面的表面能、表面结构稳定性、表面电子结构等性质.计算结果表明两种NiTi合金所有低指数表面的原子弛豫主要集中在表面2-3个原子层,且以Ti原子为终止原子表面构型的原子振荡最为剧烈,Ni和Ti原子共同终止表面构型的原子振荡最小;价电荷密度沿着表面构型向真空层方向快速衰减;表面能计算结果显示其与配位数成反相关.B2-和B19'-NiTi合金的非密排且非化学计量比表面的表面能取决于Ti的化学势,表面能数值较高;而密排面的表面构型符合化学计量比,其表面能较低,表现出卓越的化学稳定性;其中以B2-NiTi(101)密排面的表面稳定性最优. 相似文献
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Calculation of the surface energy of fcc metals with modified embedded-atom method 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
The surface energies for 38 surfaces of fcc metals Cu, Ag, Au, Ni, Pd, Pt, A1, Pb, Rh and Ir have been calculated by using the modified embedded-atom method. The results show that, for Cu, Ag, Ni, A1, Pb and Ir, the average values of the surface energies are very close to the polycrystalline experimental data. For all fcc metals, as predicted, the close-packed (111) surface has the lowest surface energy. The surface energies for the other surfaces increase linearly with increasing angle between the surfaces (hkl) and (111). This can be used to estimate the relative values of the surface energy. 相似文献
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Study of surface cell Madelung constant and surface free energy of nanosized crystal grain 下载免费PDF全文
Surface cell Madelung constant is firstly defined for calculating the
surface free energy of nanosized crystal grains, which explains the physical
performance of small crystals and may be greatly beneficial to the analysis
of surface states and the study of the dynamics of crystal nucleation and
growth. A new approximative expression of the surface energy and relevant
thermodynamic data are used in this calculation. New formula and computing
method for calculating the Madelung constant α of any complex
crystals are proposed, and the surface free energies and surface
electrostatic energies of nanosized crystal grains and the Madelung constant
of some complex crystals are theoretically calculated in this paper. The
surface free energy of nanosized-crystal-grain TiO2 and the surface
electrostatic energy(absolute value) of nanosized-crystal-grain α
-Al2O3 are found to be the biggest among all the crystal grains
including those of other species. 相似文献
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Accurate double many-body expansion potential energy surface of HS_2(A~2A') by scaling the external correlation 下载免费PDF全文
A globally accurate single-sheeted double many-body expansion potential energy surface is reported for the first excited state of HS_2 by fitting the accurate ab initio energies, which are calculated at the multireference configuration interaction level with the aug-cc-pVQZ basis set. By using the double many-body expansion-scaled external correlation method,such calculated ab initio energies are then slightly corrected by scaling their dynamical correlation. A grid of 2767 ab initio energies is used in the least-square fitting procedure with the total root-mean square deviation being 1.406 kcal · mol~(-1).The topographical features of the HS_2(A_2A') global potential energy surface are examined in detail. The attributes of the stationary points are presented and compared with the corresponding ab initio results as well as experimental and other theoretical data, showing good agreement. The resulting potential energy surface of HS_2(A_2A') can be used as a building block for constructing the global potential energy surfaces of larger S/H molecular systems and recommended for dynamic studies on the title molecular system. 相似文献
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Caroline Antion 《Surface science》2007,601(10):2232-2244
Energetics and chemistry of liquid surfaces and liquid/liquid interfaces of binary A-B alloys are calculated using a subregular solution model. In this model, two macroscopic energetic parameters are used to produce an asymmetric miscibility gap. They are related to two microscopic parameters which describe the interaction energy between two atoms as a function of the composition of the first coordination shell of each atom. The impact of the asymmetry of the A-B interactions on the surface and interfacial energies and adsorption are analyzed by comparing the results obtained with this subregular model to those calculated for a regular solution. The role of the asymmetry on the prewetting and wetting transitions are also discussed. Calculations performed in the Co-Cu system are in good agreement with experimental data of surface energy. 相似文献
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The thermal evolution of the energies and free energies of a set of spherical and near-spherical nuclei spanning the whole periodic table are calculated in the subtracted finite-temperature Thomas–Fermi framework with the zero-range Skyrme-type KDE0 and the finite-range modified Seyler–Blanchard interaction. The calculated energies are subjected to a global fit in the spirit of the liquid-drop model. The extracted parameters in this model reflect the temperature dependence of the volume symmetry and surface symmetry coefficients of finite nuclei, in addition to that of the volume and surface energy coefficients. The temperature dependence of the surface symmetry energy is found to be very substantial whereas that of the volume symmetry energy turns out to be comparatively mild. 相似文献
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The ground state properties of superheavy nuclei are systematically
calculated by the macroscopic-microscopic (MM) model with the
Nilsson potential. The calculations well produced the ground state
binding energies, α-decay energies, and half lives of superheavy nuclei. The calculated results are systematically compared with available experimental data. The calculated results are also compared with theoretical results from other MM models and from relativistic mean-field model. The calculations and comparisons
show that the MM model is reliable in superheavy region and that the
MM model results are not very sensitive to the choice of microscopic
single-particle potential. 相似文献
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S. Dhara P. Magudapathy K. G. M. Nair Baldev Raj 《Journal of Raman spectroscopy : JRS》2010,41(6):628-631
Embedded semiconductor nanoclusters (nc‐) of GaN, Si and InN were grown using the ion‐implantation technique and subsequent annealing. Detailed phonon properties were studied for the identification of the grown phases as well as to estimate the stress developed in these embedded structures. The surface energies of the embedded nanoclusters were calculated in analogy with the stressed spherical nanoclusters and excess pressure in a liquid drop. The estimated surface energies for nc‐GaN ∼4 Nm−1, nc‐InN ∼2.7 Nm−1 and nc‐Si ∼1.4 Nm−1 are discussed in the light of possible phase transition in the nanocrystalline systems. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献