TiO_2反蛋白石光子晶体最新研究进展

TiO_2反蛋白石光子晶体的研究近年来受到广大科技工作者的关注。它具有TiO_2的无毒、高折射率、良好的生物相容性,并且在电化学、光催化等方面有着优良的特性,而且具有光子晶体的光子带隙、光子局域、慢光效应、超棱镜效应、负折射效应等光学特性,使其在化学传感器、太阳能电池、光催化、高效率微波电线以及光子晶体纤维等方面具有广阔的应用前景。本文总结了TiO_2反蛋白石光子晶体的制备方法、改性方法,同时介绍了其近年来在各领域的应用研究进展。     

凝胶光子晶体

光子晶体是一种介电常数（或折射率）可以周期性调制的结构,其自激辐射抑制和光子局域化性质使其可以简便而有力的限制、控制和调控光子。近年来,利用胶体晶体自组装性质与水凝胶的传统应用相结合制成的凝胶光子晶体在药物释放、光学开关、金属探针、生物传感器等的新应用方面的研究蓬勃发展,在新材料开发及临床应用等方面取得巨大进展。本文概述了胶体晶体自组装并对该类凝胶光子晶体进行了分类介绍并对其发展趋势进行了评述和展望。     

二维光子晶体

光子晶体是一种介电常数周期变化的功能材料,其基本特征是具有光子带隙。光子晶体理论诞生已三十年,基于理论及实验的研究取得了许多成绩。当所制备的光子带隙与光波的波长相当时,光子晶体材料抑制光子在一定频段内的传播。由于在光学、电学、热学、磁学等方面均有优良特性和潜在应用,光子晶体作为一种新型材料也越来越受到科研人员的青睐。不论在可加工性方面还是在传播特性方面,二维光子晶体的优势正逐渐体现出来。本文重点阐述二维光子晶体的研究进展,分别介绍了二维光子晶体的结构与性能特点以及近年来发展出的新型制备方法,如自组装法、刻蚀法、多光束干涉法等,并着重列举其在传感器、波导、光纤、太赫兹技术等领域的发展现状,表明二维光子晶体作为超材料具有巨大的发展空间和潜力。最后,本文对二维光子晶体今后的研究方向和发展前景作了展望。     

生物传感型核壳纳米颗粒的制备与应用

近年来纳米材料在各领域已受到人们越来越广泛的关注,尤其是核壳型纳米颗粒的制备技术在不断更新发展,在生物传感器方面有着巨大的应用前景.本文重点介绍了生物传感型核壳颗粒的工作原理、制备方法及其在电化学生物传感器、光学生物传感器以及压电晶体生物传感器上的最新应用进展.     

有机智能传感材料与器件研究进展

有机光电子材料具有柔性、低成本、可大面积加工以及分子结构可调等特点,在可穿戴智能器件领域具有巨大的应用潜力.有机分子可以通过结构的设计调节其光学、电学、机械和化学等特性,从而实现丰富的传感功能.有机智能传感器具有快速响应、高选择性、高灵敏和机械柔性等优势,被广泛应用于环境监测、电子皮肤、医疗监测、人机交互等智能感知领域.本文综述了近年来有机智能传感材料与器件的研究进展,包括小分子半导体、聚合物半导体和导电聚合物等有机传感材料,以及化学传感器、温度传感器、光学传感器和机械传感器等有机智能传感器件的前沿应用,重点介绍了目前生物传感器、仿生传感器等智能感知器件和系统的发展现状,并对其未来发展过程中面临的挑战进行了分析.     

金属基光子晶体的研究进展

以具有独特功能的金属基材料（或其氧化物）及复合材料作为构筑单元制备的金属基光子晶体展现出优良的光学性能及光电转化性能,这对于拓展光子晶体在未来新型能源开发领域的应用前景具有重要意义. 综述了金属基光子晶体的制备方法、性能研究及其应用进展,并对金属基光子晶体在未来新型能源开发等方面的应用前景进行了展望.     

生物结构刺激响应光子晶体的研究进展

自然物种演化形成了多种复杂而精细的光子结构,这类结构兼具功能的特点,将具有刺激响应特性的材料与天然生物光子结构相结合,能够制备得到响应性光子晶体材料,在生物医疗检测、传感器件、装饰和防伪等方面具有巨大的应用前景.本文在前期研究工作的基础上,综述了近年来,具有生物结构的响应性光子晶体的研究进展,总结了自然界的天然分级光子结构种类及显色机理,重点阐述了基于刺激响应聚合物的响应性光子晶体的构筑及应用、以及响应机理,最后对具有生物结构的响应性光子晶体材料的问题进行了总结,对未来的研究进行了展望.     

三维光子晶体的制备

三维光子晶体作为一种光子带隙材料在光学器件、化学生物传感以及信息传输和存储等方面具有广泛的潜在应用价值。自1987年三维光子晶体的概念被提出以来,科学家们一直致力于在实验室用不同的手段合成不同材料和不同结构的光子晶体。本文综述了近年来出现的一些三维光子晶体制备方法,大致分为3类：“自上而下法”（top-down method）、“自下而上法”（bottom-up method）和模板辅助法（template-assisted method）,并详细阐述了每种方法的代表性工作、适用范围以及各自的优缺点。     

化学响应性光子晶体

光子晶体是一种具有光子带隙结构的周期性电介质材料,如果将响应性材料组装到光子晶体结构中,所形成的光子晶体的带隙结构则对外界环境的变化具有响应性,而被称为响应性光子晶体。响应性光子晶体作为光子晶体的一个新领域,由于其在传感器,生物医学,临床检测等方面的潜在应用,近几年受到广泛关注。根据外界环境的不同,响应性光子晶体可简单分为化学响应性光子晶体、物理响应性光子晶体和生物响应性光子晶体等。本文将对化学响应性光子晶体的国内外研究动态做一简要介绍,重点介绍以下五种化学响应性光子晶体:金属离子响应光子晶体、pH响应光子晶体、氧化还原响应光子晶体、葡萄糖响应光子晶体和光化学响应光子晶体。     

光子晶体传感器研究进展

光子晶体因其独特的光学性质,在传感器方面具有重要的应用价值.光子晶体构筑的传感器可以实现高灵敏的荧光检测和色度检测.本文综述了光子晶体传感器在荧光检测和色度检测中的相关工作,阐述其工作原理,并总结了光子晶体传感器的最新研究趋势.     

光子晶体的分析化学应用研究新进展

光子晶体具有规则的堆积结构、纳米级别的孔径和新颖的光学性质,在工程、物理、化学以及生物学等研究中均有重要的研究与开发价值。本文从分析化学应用研究角度对其进行了审视,综述了最近5年多以来光子晶体在传感与分离分析方法发展中应用的最新进展。     

蛋白石及反蛋白石結構光子晶體

光子晶体是由不同介电常数的材料构成的一种空间周期性结构，它能够在特定方向上禁阻、控制和操纵光子的运动。目前，已制备的光子晶体具有几种不同的结构类型，本文主要综述了蛋白石、反蛋白石结构光子晶体的制备方法及其光子带隙的影响因素。     

Automated preparation method for colloidal crystal arrays of monodisperse and binary colloid mixtures by contact printing with a pintool plotter

Photonic crystals and photonic band gap materials with periodic variation of the dielectric constant in the submicrometer range exhibit unique optical properties such as opalescence, optical stop bands, and photonic band gaps. As such, they represent attractive materials for the active elements in sensor arrays. Colloidal crystals, which are 3D gratings leading to Bragg diffraction, are one potential precursor of such optical materials. They have gained particular interest in many technological areas as a result of their specific properties and ease of fabrication. Although basic techniques for the preparation of regular patterns of colloidal crystals on structured substrates by self-assembly of mesoscopic particles are known, the efficient fabrication of colloidal crystal arrays by simple contact printing has not yet been reported. In this article, we present a spotting technique used to produce a microarray comprising up to 9600 single addressable sensor fields of colloidal crystal structures with dimensions down to 100 mum on a microfabricated substrate in different formats. Both monodisperse colloidal crystals and binary colloidal crystal systems were prepared by contact printing of polystyrene particles in aqueous suspension. The array morphology was characterized by optical light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, which revealed regularly ordered crystalline structures for both systems. In the case of binary crystals, the influence of the concentration ratio of the large and small particles in the printing suspension on the obtained crystal structure was investigated. The optical properties of the colloidal crystal arrays were characterized by reflection spectroscopy. To examine the stop bands of the colloidal crystal arrays in a high-throughput fashion, an optical setup based on a CCD camera was realized that allowed the simultaneous readout of all of the reflection spectra of several thousand sensor fields per array in parallel. In agreement with Bragg's relation, the investigated arrays exhibited strong opalescence and stop bands in the expected wavelength range, confirming the successful formation of highly ordered colloidal crystals. Furthermore, a narrow distribution of wavelength-dependent stop bands across the sensor array was achieved, demonstrating the capability of producing highly reproducible crystal spots by the contact printing method with a pintool plotter.     

Engineering Donor–Acceptor Heterostructure Metal–Organic Framework Crystals for Photonic Logic Computation

Photonic materials use photons as information carriers and offer the potential for unprecedented applications in optical and optoelectronic devices. In this study, we introduce a new strategy for photonic materials using metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as the host for the rational construction of donor–acceptor (D–A) heterostructure crystals. We have engineered a rich library of heterostructure crystals using the MOF NKU‐111 as a host. NKU‐111 is based upon an electron‐deficient tridentate ligand (acceptor) that can bind to various electron‐rich guests (donors). The resulting heterocrystals exhibit spatially segregated multi‐color emission resulting from the guest‐dependent charge‐transfer (CT) emission. Spatially effective mono‐directional energy transfer results from tuning the energy gradient between adjacent domains through the selection of donor guest molecules, which suggests potential applications in integrated optical circuit devices, for example, photonic diodes, on‐chip signal processing, optical logic gates.     

胶体自组装法形成光子带隙材料

光子带隙晶体使人们可以有效地控制和操纵光子,但是构建光子晶体,尤其是近红外及可见光区域的光子晶体是一个困难的工作,它对材料提出了很高的要求.本文从化学的角度,利用自组装方法,对胶体晶体和反蛋白石等类光子带隙材料包括半导体、金属、金属氧化物、聚合物、染料等进行较全面的介绍,同时介绍了如何从这些材料获得光子带隙.     

Optically switchable liquid crystal photonic structures

Photo-optic materials offer the possibility of light controlled photonic devices, intelligent and environmentally adaptive optical materials. One strategy for creating these materials is the combination of structure formation through holographic photopolymerization and the variable optical properties of liquid crystals. Holographically patterned, polymer stabilized liquid crystals (HPSLCs) have proven to be useful optical materials. By incorporating photo-optic, azobenzene-derived liquid crystal blends into such material systems, we have generated practical photoresponsive optical materials.     

High effective sensors based on photonic crystals

Photonic crystals have been extensively studied as high effective sensors for environmental monitoring and chemical and biological detections. This paper reviews recent achievements on photonic crystal sensors. Especially, the band gap responsiveness and the ability in amplifying spontaneous emission are demonstrated in the reported photonic crystal monitors/sensors. They are of great importance for optical monitors/sensors visualized by the naked eye and sensors based on fluorescence applications. The photonic crystal sensors are promising for low-cost and high effective sensors and detection methods, although challenges still exist in practical applications.     

Three-dimensional structure and defects in colloidal photonic crystals revealed by tomographic scanning transmission X-ray microscopy

Self-assembled colloidal crystals have attracted major attention because of their potential as low-cost three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals. Although a high degree of perfection is crucial for the properties of these materials, little is known about their exact structure and internal defects. In this study, we use tomographic scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) to access the internal structure of self-assembled colloidal photonic crystals with high spatial resolution in three dimensions for the first time. The positions of individual particles of 236 nm in diameter are identified in three dimensions, and the local crystal structure is revealed. Through image analysis, structural defects, such as vacancies and stacking faults, are identified. Tomographic STXM is shown to be an attractive and complementary imaging tool for photonic materials and other strongly absorbing or scattering materials that cannot be characterized by either transmission or scanning electron microscopy or optical nanoscopy.     

光子晶体的制备及应用

光子晶体（PC）是具有光子带隙的周期性电介质结构，频率落在光子带隙中的光将被禁止传播。本文对光子晶体的能带结构、带隙的产生、制备方法及应用作了简要的介绍，重点介绍了光子晶体的制备技术及其在光电领域中的应用前景。