On Parameter Depending Differential Systems Under Carathéodory Conditions

For every λ in a complex domain G, consider on some interval I the initial value problem y′(λ,x) = A(λ,x)y(λ,x) + b(λ,x), y(λ,x₀) - y₀. If this problem satisfies the Carathéodory conditions for every A, then there exist locally absolutely continuous and almost everywhere differentiable solutions y(λ,· ) of the initial value problem. In general, the union N of the exceptional sets N _λ ? I where y(λ, ·) is not differentiate or does not fulfill the differential equation, is not of Lebesgue measure zero. It will be shown that N is of Lebesgue measure zero provided that A and b are holomorphic with respect to λ and their integrals with respect to x are locally bounded on G × I.     

Deflating quadratic matrix polynomials with structure preserving transformations

Given a pair of distinct eigenvalues (λ₁,λ₂) of an n×n quadratic matrix polynomial Q(λ) with nonsingular leading coefficient and their corresponding eigenvectors, we show how to transform Q(λ) into a quadratic of the form having the same eigenvalue s as Q(λ), with Q_d(λ) an (n-1)×(n-1) quadratic matrix polynomial and q(λ) a scalar quadratic polynomial with roots λ₁ and λ₂. This block diagonalization cannot be achieved by a similarity transformation applied directly to Q(λ) unless the eigenvectors corresponding to λ₁ and λ₂ are parallel. We identify conditions under which we can construct a family of 2n×2n elementary similarity transformations that (a) are rank-two modifications of the identity matrix, (b) act on linearizations of Q(λ), (c) preserve the block structure of a large class of block symmetric linearizations of Q(λ), thereby defining new quadratic matrix polynomials Q₁(λ) that have the same eigenvalue s as Q(λ), (d) yield quadratics Q₁(λ) with the property that their eigenvectors associated with λ₁ and λ₂ are parallel and hence can subsequently be deflated by a similarity applied directly to Q₁(λ). This is the first attempt at building elementary transformations that preserve the block structure of widely used linearizations and which have a specific action.     

First order spectral perturbation theory of square singular matrix polynomials

We develop first order eigenvalue expansions of one-parametric perturbations of square singular matrix polynomials. Although the eigenvalues of a singular matrix polynomial P(λ) are not continuous functions of the entries of the coefficients of the polynomial, we show that for most perturbations they are indeed continuous. Given an eigenvalue λ₀ of P(λ) we prove that, for generic perturbations M(λ) of degree at most the degree of P(λ), the eigenvalues of P(λ)+?M(λ) admit covergent series expansions near λ₀ and we describe the first order term of these expansions in terms of M(λ₀) and certain particular bases of the left and right null spaces of P(λ₀). In the important case of λ₀ being a semisimple eigenvalue of P(λ) any bases of the left and right null spaces of P(λ₀) can be used, and the first order term of the eigenvalue expansions takes a simple form. In this situation we also obtain the limit vector of the associated eigenvector expansions.     

L∞ bounds for solutions of parametrized elliptic equations

This generalizes earlier results (T. I. Seidman, Indiana Univ. Math. J.30 (1981), 305–311) for ?Δu = λf(u). For the family of equations (su1) Au = g(u, λ) with appropriate boundary conditions the object is to construct from g and the boundary conditions a function η(λ, r) such that a bound y(λ) on ∥u∥_∞ can be obtained by solving the ODE: y′(λ) = η(λ, y) with y(λ₀) = B(λ₀) = bound at λ = λ₀.     

Indecomposable large sets of Steiner triple systems with indices 5, 6

A family ( X, B1 ), (X, B2 ), . . . , (X, Bq ) of q STS(v)s is a λ-fold large set of STS(v) and denoted by LSTS λ (v) if every 3-subset of X is contained in exactly λ STS(v)s of the collection. It is indecomposable and denoted by IDLSTS λ (v) if there does not exist an LSTS λ'(v) contained in the collection for any λ' λ. In this paper, we show that for λ = 5, 6, there is an IDLSTS λ (v) for v ≡ 1 or 3 (mod 6) with the exception IDLSTS6 (7).     

λ-fold indecomposable large sets of Steiner triple systems

A family (X, B1), (X, B2), . . . , (X, Bq) of q STS(v)s is a λ-fold large set of STS(v) and denoted by LSTSλ(v) if every 3-subset of X is contained in exactly λ STS(v)s of the collection. It is indecomposable and denoted by IDLSTSλ(v) if there exists no LSTSλ (v) contained in the collection for any λ λ. In 1995, Griggs and Rosa posed a problem: For which values of λ 1 and orders v ≡ 1, 3 (mod 6) do there exist IDLSTSλ(v)? In this paper, we use partitionable candelabra systems (PCSs) and holey λ-fold large set of STS(v) (HLSTSλ(v)) as auxiliary designs to establish a recursive construction for IDLSTSλ(v) and show that there exists an IDLSTSλ(v) for λ = 2, 3, 4 and v ≡ 1, 3 (mod 6).     

The parabolic map f1/e(z)=(1/e)e

We consider the exponential maps ?_λ : ? → ? defined by the formula ?_λ (z) = λe^z, λ(0,1/e]. Let J_r(?_λ) be the subset of the Julia set consisting of points that do not escape to infinity under forward iterates of ?. Our main result is that the function λh_λ :=HD(J_r(?_λ),)), λ(0, 1/e], is continuons at the point 1/e. As a preparation for this result we deal with the map ?₁/e itself. We prove that the h₁/e-dimensional Hausdorff measure of J_r(?₁/e) is positive and finite on each horizontal strip, and that the h₁/e-dimensional packing measure of J_r(?_λ) is locally infinite at each point of J_r(?_λ). Our main technical devices are formed by the, associated with ?_λ, maps F_λ defined on some strip P of height 2π and also associated with them tonformal measures.     

Mean matrices and infinite divisibility

We consider matrices M with entries m_ij = m(λ_i, λ_j) where λ₁, … ,λ_n are positive numbers and m is a binary mean dominated by the geometric mean, and matrices W with entries w_ij = 1/m (λ_i, λ_j) where m is a binary mean that dominates the geometric mean. We show that these matrices are infinitely divisible for several much-studied classes of means.     

Diophantine inequalities with mixed powers

It is shown that if λ₁,…, λ₆ are nonzero real numbers, not all of the same sign, such that $\text{λ}{}_1\text{λ}{}_2$ is irrational, then the values taken by λ₁x₁² + λ₂x₂² + λ₃x₃³ + λ₄x₄³ + λ₅x₅⁵ + λ₆x₆⁵ for integral x₁,…, x₆ are everywhere dense on the real line. Similar results are proved with other combinations in place of the two fifth powers.     

On a class of critical singular quasilinear elliptic problem with indefinite weights

In this paper, the eigenvalue problem for a class of quasilinear elliptic equations involving critical potential and indefinite weights is investigated. We obtain the simplicity, strict monotonicity and isolation of the first eigenvalue λ₁. Furthermore, because of the isolation of λ₁, we prove the existence of the second eigenvalue λ₂. Then, using the Trudinger-Moser inequality, we obtain the existence of a nontrivial weak solution for a class of quasilinear elliptic equations involving critical singularity and indefinite weights in the case of 0<λ<λ₁ by the Mountain Pass Lemma, and in the case of λ₁≤λ<λ₂ by the Linking Argument Theorem.     

The Ostaszewski square and homogeneous Souslin trees

Assume GCH and let λ denote an uncountable cardinal. We prove that if □_λ holds, then this may be witnessed by a coherent sequence 〈C _α|α < λ⁺〉 with the following remarkable guessing property For every sequence 〈A _i | i < λ〉 of unbounded subsets of λ ⁺, and every limit θ < λ, there exists some α < λ ⁺ such that otp(C _α)=θ and the (i + 1) _th -element of C _α is a member of A _i , for all i < θ. As an application, we construct a homogeneous λ ⁺-Souslin tree from □_λ + CH_λ, for every singular cardinal λ. In addition, as a by-product, a theorem of Farah and Veli?kovi?, and a theorem of Abraham, Shelah and Solovay are generalized to cover the case of successors of regulars.     

Computational aspect to the nearest matrix with two prescribed eigenvalues

Given a complex square matrix A and two complex numbers λ₁ and λ₂, we present a method to calculate the distance from A to the set of matrices X that have λ₁ and λ₂ as some of their eigenvalues. We also find the nearest matrix X.     

Continuum Percolation at and above the Uniqueness Threshold on Homogeneous Spaces

We consider the Poisson Boolean model of continuum percolation on a homogeneous space M. Let λ be the intensity of the underlying Poisson process. Let λ _u be the infimum of the set of intensities that a.s. produce a unique unbounded component. First we show that if λ>λ _u , then there is a.s. a unique unbounded component at λ. Then we let M=?²×? and show that at λ _u there is a.s. not a unique unbounded component. These results are continuum analogs of theorems by Häggström, Peres and Schonmann.     

Longest path partitions in generalizations of tournaments

We consider the so-called Path Partition Conjecture for digraphs which states that for every digraph, D, and every choice of positive integers, λ₁,λ₂, such that λ₁+λ₂ equals the order of a longest directed path in D, there exists a partition of D into two digraphs, D₁ and D₂, such that the order of a longest path in D_i is at most λ_i, for i=1,2.We prove that certain classes of digraphs, which are generalizations of tournaments, satisfy the Path Partition Conjecture and that some of the classes even satisfy the conjecture with equality.     

On the spread of the spectrum of a graph

Some new upper bounds and lower bounds are obtained for the spread λ₁−λ_n of the eigenvalues λ₁≥λ₂≥?≥λ_n of the adjacency matrix of a simple graph.     

Decay properties of Markovian bulk-arrival and bulk-service queues with state-independent control

We consider decay properties regarding decay parameter and invariant measures of Markovian bulk-arrival and bulk-service queues with state-independent control. The exact value of the decay parameter, denoted by λz, is firstly revealed. A criterion regarding ）λz-recurrence and λz-positive is obtained. The corresponding λz-subinvariant/invariant measures and λz-subinvariant/invariant vectors are then presented.     

Uniform boundedness inL p (p=p(x)) of some families of convolution operators

Suppose that a measurable 2π-periodic essentially bounded function (the kernel) κ_λ =κ_λ(x) is given for any realλ≥1. We consider the following linear convolution operator inL ^p: $$\kappa _\lambda = \kappa _\lambda f = (\kappa _\lambda f)(x) = \int_{ - \pi }^\pi {f(t)} k_\lambda (t - x) dt.$$ Uniform boundedness of the family of operators {Κ_λ}_λ≥1 is studied. Conditions on the variable exponentp=p(x) and on the kernel κ_λ that ensure the uniform boundedness of the operator family {Κ_λ}_λ≥1 inL ^p are obtained. The condition on the exponentp=p(x) is given in its final form.     

A theorem on the factorization of matrix polynomials

A similarity condition is developed for the factorization of monic matrix polynomials L(λ) into the forms L(λ) = L_k(λ) … L₁(λ), wihtout any restriction on the spectrum of factors L_j(λ).