共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Mamedov E. S. Babaeva B. A. Mamedov S. E. Akhmedova N. F. Kerimli F. S. 《Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin》2022,77(4):222-229
Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin - The influence of the concentration of zinc introduced into HZSM-5 on its acidic and catalytic properties in the conversion of ethanol into high-octane... 相似文献
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Effects of various additives, including electrolytes, alcohols and organic acids, polymers, and ionic and nonionic surfactants, on the cloud point of dodecyl polyoxyethylene (5) polyoxypropylene (4) ether nonionic surfactant aqueous solutions are investigated. The salting-out electrolytes decrease the cloud point while salting-in electrolytes increase it. Most alcohols and organic acids can lower the cloud point except for methanol and ethanol. The polymers form complexes with the surfactant and decrease the cloud point. The added surfactants can be inserted into the micelles of the nonionic surfactant and form mixed micelles, thus raising the cloud point. 相似文献
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Bochek A. M. Yusupova L. D. Zabivalova N. M. Petropavlovskii G. A. 《Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry》2002,75(4):645-648
Rheological properties of moderately concentrated aqueous solutions of carboxymethyl cellulose in the H form with various additives were studied. 相似文献
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V. E. Tarabanko M. Yu. Chernyak I. L. Simakova K. L. Kaigorodov Yu. N. Bezborodov N. F. Orlovskaya 《Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry》2015,88(11):1778-1782
Preparative amounts of furfuryl alcohol ethers and furfural acetals were prepared from renewable vegetable raw materials. The blending reseach octane numbers of mixing of furan derivatives in straight-run gasoline were estimated: butyl furfuryl ether, 97.8 ± 7; propyl furfuryl ether, 112 ± 6; furfural diethyl acetal, 105 ± 6, furfural ethylene glycol acetal, 108 ± 7; furfurylamine, 194 ± 4. These results demonstrate prospects for using furan derivatives as available biofuels. 相似文献
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添加剂对化学沉积速率的影响 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
基于化学镀Ni-W-P和Ni-P体系中,添加剂LaCl3、乳酸、Fe2(SO4)3、硫脲和2,2’-联吡啶的浓度对沉积速率的影响表现出较为一致的变化规律,即随添加剂浓度的增加,出现最大沉积速率的实验事实,建立了一种吸附模型并导出添加剂加速化学沉积的公式.根据该公式和实验结果进行曲线拟合,得到相当吻合的结果.由拟合结果可得到一些参数值,如吸附平衡常数等.添加剂在基体上的吸附平衡常数(K1)大于已吸附了还原剂的表面上的吸附平衡常数(K2). K1值大表明添加剂在基体表面吸附能力更强. LaCl3、硫脲和2,2’-联吡啶的K1、K2值远大于乳酸、Fe2(SO4)3的K1、K2值,这表明LaCl3、硫脲和2,2’-联吡啶的吸附能力远强于乳酸、Fe2(SO4)3的, 因此,LaCl3、硫脲和2,2’-联吡啶所引起的沉积速率峰值的浓度远小于乳酸、Fe2(SO4)3的. 相似文献
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高效液相色谱法同时测定多种食品添加剂 总被引:27,自引:5,他引:27
采用反相高效液相色谱法 ,一次进样、同时测定食品中的人工合成甜味剂 (糖精钠、安赛蜜、甜味素 )、防腐剂(苯甲酸、山梨酸 )、咖啡因、可可碱和茶碱。以AlltechEconosphereC18柱 (15 0mm× 4 6mmi.d .,3μm)为分离柱 ,10mmol/LNaH2 PO4 (pH 4 0 0 ) 乙腈 (体积比为 90∶10 )为流动相 ,采用二极管阵列检测器进行检测。整个分离过程在 2 3min内完成。样品平均加标回收率为 78 5 %~ 10 7 2 %。 相似文献
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通过电解实验分别考察了5个阴极电还原反应和1个阳极电氧化反应在加入添加剂前后电流效率和转化率的变化。所选择的6个反应可以分为2类,一类是原料以分子形式存在于电解液中的反应,另一类是原料以离子形式存在于电解液中的反应。实验间二硝基苯电还原制间苯二胺,3-甲基吡啶氧化制烟酸和邻硝基酚电还原制邻氨基酚(酸性条件下)属于前一类反应,加入添加剂后,它们的电流效率分别由原来的65.69%、28.00%和45.09%变为66.15%、28.45%和37.07%,说明添加剂对原料以分子形式存在的反应没有作用或有抑制作用。实验邻硝基酚电还原制邻氨基酚(碱性条件下),丁二酸的电解全盛和水杨酸电还原制水杨醛属于后一类反应,加入添加剂后,它们的电流效率分别从原来的49.37%、65.06%和24.55%提高到75.80%、78.60%和30.06%,说明添加剂能够提高原料以离子形态存在的反应的电流效率。 相似文献
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无铅汽油样品中甲基-叔丁基醚的定量测定 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
1 引 言由于含铅汽油给环境带来的不利影响 ,近几年来 ,无铅汽油已开始在我国大范围使用。甲基叔丁基醚 (methyltert butylether,MTBE)是无铅汽油中的一种常用添加剂 ,可提高辛烷值使汽油燃烧更完全 ,从而减少环境污染。但是 ,MTBE的使用在许多发达国家特别是美国引起了很大争议。这是因为MTBE在自然条件下很难降解 ,在水中的溶解度较高(42 0 0 0mg/L) ,由于地下储油罐泄露和汽车尾气的排放 ,环境中尤其是地下水中MTBE的含量正在迅速增加。同时 ,研究发现MTBE存在潜在的致瘤性 ,可破坏小鼠… 相似文献
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K. Gharanjig F. Sadr Dadras M. Sadeghi-Kiakhani S. Tafaghodi 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(3):381-388
Disperse dyes are hardly soluble in water. They are usually milled in the presence of large amounts of dispersing agents in the dye industry. The type and amount of these materials can affect the disperse ability of dyes in aqueous media. In this article, stability of prepared dye dispersions in the presence of various surface active agents and additives were investigated. In this respect, various dispersing agents such as Irgasol DAM, Asutol 644, Dispertane MF, and Irgasol P800 were used to prepare dye dispersions in milling stage. Furthermore, the formulations of dye dispersions were obtained by adding β-cyclodextrin, urea, and wetting agent. The dye dispersion quality was determined by its filtering property, turbidity, and centrifuging method. The obtained results proved the stability of dispersion containing of Irgasol DAM, wetting agent, and β-cyclodextrin as dispersing auxiliaries in dyeing process of disperse dye on polyester fabrics in high temperature method was the highest as compared to other dispersions. From the experimental results, it was found out that stability of prepared dispersions was improved by the presence of β-cyclodextrin. Also, utilization of β-cyclodextrin in formulations of dye dispersions caused to increasing of stability of dispersion in the dyeing of polyester fabrics. 相似文献
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The dehydration and decomposition bauxite mixed with alkaline compounds were investigated under dynamic and isothermal conditions.
Alkaline compounds (CaO or/and Na2CO3) were added to bauxite samples in various mole fractions (0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and
1.0 of CaO). To determine the effect of alkaline additives on the thermal properties of bauxite, TG, DTG and DTA techniques
were used simultaneously under atmospheric conditions.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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高分子添加剂对纤维素酶糖化力的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了几种高分子材料对纤维素酶水解作用的影响,强聚阳离子(PⅠ、PⅡ)、中强聚阴离子(PⅢ)高分子材料能促进酶的糖化作用,而强聚阴离子(PⅣ)高分子材料则不能,添加PⅠ(1.3×10~(-1)mol/L)、PⅡ(1.3×10~3mol/L)、PⅢ(1.3×10~2mol/L)分别使纤维素酶棉花糖化力提高190%、45%、75%,初步探讨了高分子材料促进纤维素酶糖化力的机理。 相似文献
15.
Szymon Kosiski Marcin Gonsior Piotr Krzyanowski Iwona Rykowska 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(19)
Polyurea is a synthetic high-strength elastomeric material that can be sprayed as a coating over existing structures in order to protect against weathering effects. It is ideal for anti-corrosion protection and is characterized by excellent mechanical properties and adhesion to various surfaces. Further development of this technology may allow obtaining new coatings with improved antistatic properties, which would be an excellent alternative compared to used antistatic epoxy paints. This paper will examine the influence of tetraalkylammonium salt (1), potassium hexafluorophosphate solution (2) and imidazolium-based ionic liquid (3) on the improvement of antistatic properties of the polyurea-polyurethane coatings. In addition, the modified samples were also verified in terms of changes in mechanical properties and the appearance of functional groups other than in the reference sample, as well as surface defects that may arise due to incompatibility of the antistatic additive with the polymer matrix. In order to obtain information about the properties mentioned above, the electrical resistance was determined, the tensile strength and elongation were measured, FT-IR spectra were made, and images were taken with the use of scanning electron microscopy. The conducted research showed that the antistatic properties of the tested hybrid coatings could be improved, but their use may be associated with certain limitations that should be taken into account when designing such materials. 相似文献
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Dr. Amey Nimkar Dr. Sandeepan Maity Prof. Robert A Flowers II Prof. Shmaryahu Hoz 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,25(44):10499-10504
The work described herein compares the effect of additives (HMPA, methanol, ethylene glycol, pinacol, N-methylethanolamine) on thermal and photochemical reactions of samarium diiodide (SmI2). In thermal reactions, additives that coordinate to SmI2 induce a significant increase in reaction rate. In photochemical reactions, the presence of an electronegative atom with a highly localized negative charge on the substrate leads to a rate deceleration. In order to benefit from the columbic interaction with the positively charged samarium cation, these substrates react preferentially by an inner sphere reduction mechanism. The addition of ligands prevents this close interaction causing rate retardation. Furthermore, studies demonstrate that excited state quenching of SmII by ethylene glycol and other additives indicate that it is unlikely to be the major cause for the observed rate retardation. This effect provides a simple diagnostic tool to distinguish between an inner and an outer sphere reduction mechanism. 相似文献
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Dergacheva M. B. Puzikova D. S. Khussurova G. M. 《Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry》2019,92(6):829-834
Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry - Thin CdSe films were produced by electrodeposition at a constant potential onto glass/FTO conducting substrates from sulfuric acid electrolytes (pH 2.2)... 相似文献
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Enzymes have been widely used as efficient, eco‐friendly, and biodegradable catalysts in organic chemistry due to their mild reaction conditions and high selectivity and efficiency. In recent years, the catalytic promiscuity of many enzymes in unnatural reactions has been revealed and studied by chemists and biochemists, which has expanded the application potential of enzymes. To enhance the selectivity and activity of enzymes in their natural or promiscuous reactions, many methods have been recommended, such as protein engineering, process engineering, and media engineering. Among them, the additive approach is very attractive because of its simplicity to use and high efficiency. In this paper, we will review the recent developments about the applications of additives to improve the catalytic performances of enzymes in their natural and promiscuous reactions. These additives include water, organic bases, water mimics, cosolvents, crown ethers, salts, surfactants, and some particular molecular additives. 相似文献
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