一种基于极小化极大接触压力的交界面修形新方法

针对轴承和齿轮等零部件接触压力分布不均问题,提出了一种极小化极大接触压力的弹性交界面修形新方法,仅需要一次结构分析就可以实现理想的修形结果。基于弹性接触理论与有限元法,推导建立了接触节点修形量与接触压力之间的数学方程;以极小化各接触节点的最大接触压力为目标,建立了计算修形量的极小极大模型;并利用最优化方法将其转化为线性规划问题,有效提高了求解的全局收敛性和计算效率。通过两个弹性接触修形实例,验证了新方法对一般弹性接触修形问题的适用性和高效性。     

一种基于无梯度思想的弹性接触问题优化方法

基于无梯度思想,针对弹性接触问题中存在的应力集中问题提出了一种形状优化方法.研究发现:通过改变接触面和非接触面形状的方法,均能够有效地减轻弹性接触面上的接触应力集中.结合 ABAQUS 有限元分析软件,直接变动有限元模型中的接触面或非接触面单元节点的位置,进而改变优化边界的形状,最终达到减小接触面上应力集中的目的.通过两个优化算例分别展示了所提出的方法在处理二维和三维弹性接触问题中的可行性.算例结果表明:优化后,接触应力值分布在一个预定的区间内,接触面上的集中应力得到了显著的优化.本方法为处理工程接触优化问题提供了新的思路.     

Study of half-space elastic contact problems by caustics

The optical method of caustics has been successfully applied to several two dimensional problems of elasticity. Up to now, no complicated three dimensional problems of elasticity have ever been treated by this method. In this paper, the experimental technique of caustics is developed, the caustics are obtained by annealing the stress-frozen epoxy slices. In applying this technique to Boussinesq's problem of a normal force and Cerruti's problem of a tangential force on the plane surface of a half-space, the experimentally obtained caustics for these problems are seen to be in satisfactory agreement with the corresponding theoretical forms. The treatment of the rather complicated three dimensional elasticity problems, including crack problems, by the author's method is also possible.     

基于不连续场修正权的无网格断裂分析

论文采用不连续场修正权函数法来处理二维无网格断裂力学问题.相较于目前常用的无网格裂纹不连续性处理方案,采用修正权函数处理裂纹附近不连续场时只需要对原权函数进行修正,算法简便易实现.本文基于不连续场修正权函数的无单元Galerkin方法(EFGM),对在边界上施加Ⅰ-Ⅱ混合型裂纹位移场的斜裂纹板和带直裂纹受剪矩形板进行了数值分析,并与可视性准则、衍射法和透射法等不连续准则对比了裂尖位移场、应力场和应力强度因子解的数值精度,并分析了不同的M积分域尺寸、节点及背景网格等计算参数对裂尖奇异场数值解精度和形函数计算时间的影响.     

Frictional contact of two rotating elastic disks

We study the problem of constrained uniform rotation of two precompressed elastic disks made of different materials with friction forces in the contact region taken into account. The exact solution of the problem is obtained by the Wiener-Hopf method.An important stage in the study of rolling of elastic bodies is the Hertz theory [1] of contact interaction of elastic bodies with smoothly varying curvature in the contact region under normal compression. Friction in the contact region is assumed to be negligible. If there are tangential forces and the friction in the contact region is taken into account, then the picture of contact interaction of elastic bodies changes significantly. Although the normal contact stress distribution strictly follows the Hertz theory for bodies with identical elastic properties and apparently slightly differs from the Hertz diagram for bodies made of different materials, the presence of tangential stresses results in the splitting of the contact region into the adhesion region and the slip region. This phenomenon was first established by Reynolds [2], who experimentally discovered slip regions near points of material entry in and exit from the contact region under constrained rolling of an aluminum cylinder on a rubber base. The theoretical justification of the partial slip phenomenon in the contact region, discovered by Reynolds [2], can be found in Carter [3] and Fromm [4]. Moreover, Fromm presents a complete solution of the problem of constrained uniform rotation of two identical disks. Apparently, Fromm was the first to consider the so-called “clamped” strain and postulated that slip is absent at the point at which the disk materials enter the contact region.Ishlinskii [5, 6] gave an engineering solution of the problem on slip in the contact region under rolling friction. Considering the problem on a rigid disk rolling on an elastic half-plane, we model this problem by an infinite set of elastic vertical rods using Winkler-Zimmermann type hypotheses. Numerous papers of other authors are surveyed in Johnson’s monograph [7].The exact solution of the problem on the constrained uniform rotation of precompressed rigid and elastic disks under the assumptions of Fromm’s theory is contained in the papers [8, 9]. In the present paper, we generalize the solution obtained in [8, 9] to the case of two elastic disks made of different materials.     

Torsional contact of an elastic flat-ended cylinder

Torsion of a flat-ended elastic bar pressed onto an elastically similar half-space and subject to torsion, in the presence of friction, is used as a vehicle to study complete contact subject to in-plane and anti-plane shearing forces. It is shown that, below a critical coefficient of friction, slip starts at the edge and progress inwards as the torsion is increased, whereas above this critical value slip starts a little way in from the edge and progress both inwards and outwards. Care is taken to preserve frictional orthogonality, with slip modelled as a piecewise-linear distribution of edge and screw dislocations. The solutions may be applied to any complete contact edge, as the problem is solved within the context of a Williams eigenexpansion.     

Unbonded contact of a Mindlin plate on an elastic half-space

Summary In this paper a penalty formulation of the frictionless unilateral contact problem between an elastic rectangular plate and an elastic half-space is presented. In order to take into account the effects of the shear stress, the Mindlin plate model is analyzed. Some numerical results, obtained via finite elements, are given.

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Sommario In questo lavoro viene presentata una formulazione penalty del problema di contatto unilaterale senza attrito tra una piastra rettangolare elastica ed un semispazio elastico. Per la piastra si utilizza il modello di Mindlin, che consente di tener conto dell'effetto delle tensioni da taglio. Si forniscono alcuni risultati numerici ottenuti mediante discretizzazione agli elementi finiti.

     

Mechanics of adhesive contact on a power-law graded elastic half-space

We consider adhesive contact between a rigid sphere of radius R and a graded elastic half-space with Young's modulus varying with depth according to a power law E=E₀(z/c₀)^k (0<k<1) while Poisson's ratio ν remaining a constant. Closed-form analytical solutions are established for the critical force, the critical radius of contact area and the critical interfacial stress at pull-off. We highlight that the pull-off force has a simple solution of P_cr=−(k+3)πRΔγ/2 where Δγ is the work of adhesion and make further discussions with respect to three interesting limits: the classical JKR solution when k=0, the Gibson solid when k→1 and ν=0.5, and the strength limit in which the interfacial stress reaches the theoretical strength of adhesion at pull-off.     

固定接触界面切向静弹性刚度问题研究

根据两球体单峰同时受法向、切向载荷时微滑切向应力的分布以及MB模型,给出了界面的总切向接触静弹性条件刚度、总条件法向载荷的解析解。将切向接触静弹性条件刚度的解析解嵌入到有限元软件中,获得了整机的理论模态。以一款八四七厂华中工学院XHK5140型自动换刀计算机数控立式镗铣床上的结合部为研究对象,通过实验对解析解进行了定量验证。研究结果表明：在理论振型与实验振型一致的条件下,界面模型的相对误差在-19．2％～16．8％之间。     

基于三角小波的弹性薄板高精度分析方法

采用同时具有三角函数良好逼近特性和小波多分辨率与局部特性的Hermite插值型三角小波,基于二维张量积三角小波,推导了求解各种不同边界条件下的矩形弹性薄板的弯曲、振动和屈曲问题的统一列式,同时给出了两种提高计算精度的方法一升阶法和多分辨率法。数值算例表明,三角小波法求解弹性薄板的弯曲、振动和屈曲问题时,能方便地处理各类边界条件,计算效果良好;自振特性分析更具优势,升阶法和多分辨率法能有效地提高分析精度。     

Theoretical analysis on elastic buckling of nanobeams based on stress-driven nonlocal integral model

Several studies indicate that Eringen’s nonlocal model may lead to some inconsistencies for both Euler-Bernoulli and Timoshenko beams, such as cantilever beams subjected to an end point force and fixed-fixed beams subjected a uniform distributed load. In this paper, the elastic buckling behavior of nanobeams, including both EulerBernoulli and Timoshenko beams, is investigated on the basis of a stress-driven nonlocal integral model. The constitutive equations are the Fredholm-type integral equati...     

Determination of dynamic three-dimensional soil-tyre contact profile

A technique for measuring the dynamic three-dimensional contact profile between a tyre and deformable soil has been developed. The method involves measuring incremental lateral arc lengths of the profile at discrete locations along the contact length and fitting the coefficients of a model of soil deformation at the soil-tyre interface to the experimental data using a nonlinear constrained optimization algorithm (SUMT). Two representations of the measured contact area were compared: (i) the two-dimensional surface which is the union of all points on the original undeformed soil surface which undergo deformation by the tyre; (ii) the final three-dimensional deformed surface. Contact area measurements were made for two different sized tyres at two levels of inflation pressure, dynamic load and slip in two different soil conditions. The contact width, length and area predicted by the technique were compared with corresponding values for static contact between a tyre and a rigid surface.     

Axisymmetric smooth contact for an elastic isotropic infinite hollow cylinder compressed by an outer rigid ring with circular profile

A contact problem for an infinitely long hollow cylinder is considered. The cylinder is compressed by an outer rigid ring with a circular profile. The material of the cylinder is linearly elastic and isotropic. The extent of the contact region and the pressure distribution are sought. Governing equations of the elasticity theory for the axisymmetric problem in cylindrical coordinates are solved by Fourier transforms and general expressions for the displacements are obtained. Using the boundary conditions, the formulation is reduced to a singular integral equation. This equation is solved by using the Gaussian quadrature. Then the pressure distribution on the contact region is determined. Numerical results for the contact pressure and the distance characterizing the contact area are given in graphical form. The English text was polished by Yunming Chen     

Study for 2D moving contact elastic body with closed crack using BEM

Using a sub-regional boundary element method, an algorithm for the two-dimensional elastic bodies with a closed crack loaded by a moving contact elastic body is proposed. Since the extent and status of the contact surface of two elastic bodies and the crack within the body are all not known in advance, a double iterative contact algorithm is used. The BEM program for solving the closed crack problems is developed, some numerical examples are calculated, and the results of the center crack cases are shown to be in good agreement with the analytical solution in the classical fracture mechanics. In the condition of friction and non-friction, some coupling computational results of the SIF for the closed crack, with different angles and loaded by a moving contact elastic body, are also obtained by a numerical computation. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10172053) and NJTU Foundation of China (PD-157)     

Self-similar problems of elastic contact for non-convex punches

Self-similar problems of contact for non-convex punches are considered. The non-convexity of the punch shapes introduces differences from the traditional self-similar contact problems when punch profiles are convex and their shapes are described by homogeneous functions. First, three-dimensional Hertz type contact problems are considered for non-convex punches whose shapes are described by parametric-homogeneous functions. Examples of such functions are numerous including both fractal Weierstrass type functions and smooth log-periodic sine functions. It is shown that the region of contact in the problems is discrete and the solutions obey a non-classical self-similar law. Then the solution to a particular case of the contact problem for an isotropic linear elastic half-space when the surface roughness is described by a log-periodic function, is studied numerically, i.e. the contact problem for rough punches is studied as a Hertz type contact problem without employing additional assumptions of the multi-asperity approach. To obtain the solution, the method of non-linear boundary integral equations is developed. The problem is solved only on the fundamental domain for the parameter of self-similarity because solutions for other values of the parameter can be obtained by renormalization of this solution. It is shown that the problem has some features of chaotic systems, namely the global character of the solution is independent of fine distinctions between parametric-homogeneous functions describing roughness, while the stress field of the problem is sensitive to small perturbations of the punch shape.     

A new modification of false position method based on homotopy analysis method

A new modification of false position method for solving nonlinear equations is presented by applying homotopy analysis method （HAM）. Some numerical illustrations are given to show the efficiency of algorithm.