线性模型中的一个假设检验问题(英文)

本文讨论了多元线性模型中的一个假设检验问题。假定 的各行独立、正态、同协差阵Ⅴ。现在要检验假设H_0:存在矩阵C使θ=Cη是否成立。首先可将问题化为法式的形式,对法式分两种情况进行讨论: (一)V=σ~2I, σ~2未知。此时可求出θ, C,σ~2的最大似然估计(当H_0成立时)是中的资料阵y_1,y_2,d1,…,d_K是y′_3y_3的全部特征根。λ_1~*≥…λ_(p+q)~*是(y_1 y_2)(y′_1 y′_2)的全部 Λ=sum from j=p+1 to k /sum from j-1 to k d_j,λ_1≥λ_2…≥λ_k是y′_1y1+y′_2y_2的全部特征根。 (二)一般情形V未知。此时θ,C的估计量同前,可求出 (?)=1/n(y′_2T_(22)T′_(22)y_2+y′_3y_3).H_0相应的Lawley不变检验是 sum from j=p+1 to k β_j≥α_1,其中β_1≥β_2≥…≥β_k是y′1y_1+y′_2y_2的相对于y′_3y_3的全部特征根。 有关Λ的以及sum from j=p+1 to k β_j的极限分布将在另外的文章中讨论。     

A NECESSARY AND SUFFICIENT CONDITION FOR THE OSCILLATION OF HIGHER-ORDER NEUTRAL EQUATIONS WITH SEVERAL DELAYS

Consider the higher-order neutral delay differential equationd~t/dt~n(x(t)+sum from i=1 to lp_ix(t-τ_i)-sum from j=1 to mr_jx(t-ρ_j))+sum from k=1 to Nq_kx(t-u_k)=0,(A)where the coefficients and the delays are nonnegative constants with n≥2 even. Then anecessary and sufficient condition for the oscillation of (A) is that the characteristicequationλ~n+λ~nsum from i=1 to lp_ie~(-λτ_i-λ~n)sum from j=1 to mr_je~(-λρ_j)+sum from k=1 to Nq_ke~(-λρ_k)=0has no real roots.     

椭球等高分布族下的非中心Cochran定理

本文在椭球等高分布假定下,讨论了二次型X′AX(A为对称阵)的非中心Cochran定理。主要结果如下: 若X～EC_n(μ,L_n;g),g(x)>0为x的连续函数,且X有有限的2n阶矩。A_i,i=1,2,…,m为n×n对称阵。A=∑A_i,λ_1,…,λ_k互不相同且非零。考虑下面的条件: (a) X′A_iX■sum from j=1 to k λ_jy_(ij),(y_(i1),…(y_(ik))′～Gχ~2(n_(i1),…,n_(ik);δ_(i1)~2,…,δ_(ik)~2;g)j=1,…,m。 (b) (X′A_1X,…,X′A_mX)■(sum from j=1 to k λ_jz_j…,sum from j=(m-1)k 1 to mk λ_(j-(m-1)k)z_j)(z_1…,z_(mk))′～Gχ~2(n_(11),n_(1k),n_(21)…,n_(mk);δ_(11)~2,…δ_(1k)~2,δ_(21)~2,…,δ_(mk)~2;g) (c) X′AX(?)sum from j=1 to k λ_jy_j,(y_1,…,y_k)′～Gχ(n_1,…,n_k;δ_1~2,…,δ_k~2;g) (d) r(A)=∑r(A_i)=∑∑r(A_iE_j),A=∑λ_jE_j,E_j~2=E_j,E_jE_(j′)=0,j≠j′=1,…,k, (e) k个等式n_j=∑n_(ij)中至少有k-1个成立。则 (Ⅰ) (a),(b)■(c),(d),(e), (Ⅱ) (a),(c),(e)■(b),(d), (Ⅲ) (b),(c)■(a),(d),(c), (Ⅳ) (c),(d)■(a),(b),(c)。     

The Berry-Esseen Theorem and Non-Uniform Estimate for U-Statistics

Let X_1,X_2,…,X_n be independent random variables. Define a U-statistic by U_n(?)~(-1)sum from 1≤i≤j≤n (h(X_i,X_j), where h(x,y) is a symmetric function of two variables x,y and that Eh(X_i,X_j)=0(i≠j, i,j=1,2,…,n). Write g_j(X_i)=E(h(x_i,x_j)|x_i),g(X_1)=1/n-1 sum from j=1 j≠i to n g_j(X_i) We give the following two theorem: Theorem 1 Suppore that     

关于线性算子的高阶饱和

设f(x)∈C_(2π)。而f(x)～sum from k=0 ( )A_k(f_1k)≡α_0/2 sum from k=1 ( )(α_kcoskx b_ksinkx)。 又设 U_n(f,x)=1/πintegral from -πto π(f(x t)u_n(t)dt,) 其中u_n(t)=1/2 sum from k=1ρ_k~(n)coskt满足条件: integral from 0 to k(|u_n(t)|dt=O(1),)ρ_k~(n)→1(n→∞;k=1,2,…,)。设m是正整数,ρ_0~(n)=1。记~mρ_k~(n)=sum form v=0 to ∞ ((-1)~(m~(-v))(m v)ρ_k v~(n) (k=0,1,…,)。)T.Nishishiraho考虑了在ρ_k~(n)=O(k>n)的情况下U_n(f,x)的饱和问题,证明了。 定理A 设{_n}是收敛于0的正数列,使得     

退缩椭圆型方程的边值问题

<正> 在 R~n 的有界凸区域Ω上考虑椭圆型方程Lu≡sum from i,j=1 to n (a_(ij)(x)u_(xi)_(xj)+sum from i=1 to n b_i(x)u_i+c(x)u=f(x),(1)设对 x∈(?)及所有的实数组(ξ_1,ξ_2,…,ξ_n)sum from i,j=1 to n a_(ij)(x)ξ_iξ_j≥λ(x)sum from i=1 to n ξ_i~2≥0,a_(ji)(x)∈C(?),即算子 L(u)可能退缩而为退缩椭圆型算子。记(?)的边界为∑,∑上满足 sum from ij=1 to n a_(ij)n_in_j=0的点集为∑_0,(n_1,…,n_n)表示∑上的内单位法向量,∑_3=∑\∑_0,设其 n-1维测度非零,则对方程(1)可提如下的边值问题:     

一类椭球等高矩阵分布的矩

设X是m×n随机矩阵,n≥m,S=XX’,O_m是所有m×m正交阵的集合。如果对任意的Γ∈O_m,ΓX(?)X 则对任意整数k E(S~k)=c~kI_m cov(vec S~k)=α_kI_(m~2)+β_kK_(m~2)+γ_kQ_(m~2)其中 c_k、α_k、β_k、和γ_k是某些常数; I_l,l×l单位阵; K_(m~2)=sum from ij=1 to m(H_(ij)(×)H′_(ij)); Q_(m~2)=sum from ij=1 to m(H_(ij)(×)H_(ij));而 H_(ij)表示这样的 m×m矩阵,除了h_(ij)=1外,其它元素为零,(×)表示 Kronecker积。另外,本文也求出了一些特殊的α_k,β_k,γ_k和c_k的值。     

0-1分布及泊松分布的置信限的分析推导

设总体 X～b(1,p),p 未知.今有 X 的 n 个独立随机子样 X_1,X_2,…,X_n,记T=sum from i=1 to n X_i.众所周知,对给定的α(0<α<1),未知参数 p 的置信度为1-α的双边置信区间之上下限分别为 CL~*(T),CL(T).CL(T),CL~*(T)分别为下述方程(1),(2)之根:sum from k=T to n (?)R~k(1-R)~(n-k)=α/2 (T≠0),(1)sum from k=0 to T (?)R~k(1-R)~(n-k)=α/2 (T≠0).(2)即有 P_p(CL(T)≤p≤CL~*(T))≥1-α.     

代数特征值反问题之解的稳定性分析

考虑如下代数特征值反问题: 问题 G(A;{A_k}_1~n;λ).设 A=(a_(ij)),A_k=(a_(ij)~((k))),k=1,…,n是n+1个n×n的实对称矩阵,λ=(λ_1,…,λ_n)是n维实向量且λ_i≠λ_j,i≠j.求n维实向量c=(c_1,…,c_n)~T,使矩阵A(c)=A+sum from k=1 to n (c_kA_k)的特征值是λ_1,…,λ_n. 这一问题是经典加法问题的推广.当A_k-e_ke_k~~T(e_k是n阶单位阵的第k列)时,     

关于误差方差估计渐近正态收敛速度的上,下界

考虑线性回归模型 Y_■=x_4~′β+e_■ i=1,2,…设误差序列■,i≥1满足条件:e_■ i≥1 i.i.d.,Ee_1=0,Ee_1~2=σ~2>0,∞>Var e_1~2=τ~2>0。记■_n~2=1/(n-r){sum from j=1 to n e■-sum from k=1 to r (sum from j=1 to n a_(akj)■_j)~2} δ(n)=τ~(-2)E(■_1~2-σ~2)~2I_((|■-σ~2|≥■τ)+τ~(-3)n~(1/2)|E(■_1~2-σ~2)~3I_((|■_1~2-σ~2|<(nτ)~(1/2))+τ~(-4)n~(-1)E■_1~2-σ~2)~4I_((|■-σ~2|0使得■|P(■_n~2-σ~2)/(Var■_n~2)~(1/2))≤x)-Φ(x)|≤C(δ(n)+n~(-1/2)) ■|P(■_n~2-σ~2)/(Var■_n~2)~(1/2))≤x)-Φ(x)|+n~(-1/2)≥C_1δ(n)。     

On the Explicit Two-Stage Fourth-Order Accurate Time Discretizations

This paper continues to study the explicit two-stage fourth-order accurate time discretizations [5-7]. By introducing variable weights, we propose a class of more general explicit one-step two-stage time discretizations, which are different from the existing methods, e.g. the Euler methods, Runge-Kutta methods, and multistage multiderivative methods etc. We study the absolute stability, the stability interval, and the intersection between the imaginary axis and the absolute stability region. Our results show that our two-stage time discretizations can be fourth-order accurate conditionally, the absolute stability region of the proposed methods with some special choices of the variable weights can be larger than that of the classical explicit fourth- or fifth-order Runge-Kutta method, and the interval of absolute stability can be almost twice as much as the latter. Several numerical experiments are carried out to demonstrate the performance and accuracy as well as the stability of our proposed methods.     

一类隐式的k+1阶线性k步法

本文首先给出了一类比Adams-Moulton方法的绝对稳定区间大的隐式k+1阶线性k步法基本公式.求出了3-9步新公式的分数形式的精确系数,阶数,局部截断误差主项系数和绝对稳定区间,然后构造了由4阶隐式新公式和同阶显式Nyström公式组合而成的预估-校正方法,比著名的Adams-Bashforth-Moulton和Nyström-Adams-Moulton预估校正方法的绝对稳定区间大,最后用对比数值试验对结果进行了验证.     

一类显式的k阶线性k步法基本公式

本文给出了一类比Adams-Bashforth方法的局部截断误差主项系数小和绝对稳定区间大的显式k阶线性k步法基本公式.作者求出了公式的分数形式的精确系数,阶数和局部截断误差主项系数,给出了3-9步公式的绝对稳定区间,构造了由新公式的4阶显式公式和一个同阶隐式基本公式组合而成的特殊预估-校正方法,它的绝对稳定区间大于预估公式而且等于校正公式, 比著名的Adams-Bashforth-Moulton预估校正方法的绝对稳定区间大, 最后用数值试验对结果进行了验证,适合于求解常微分方程初值问题.     

Two-parameter families of predictor-corrector methods for the solution of ordinary differential equations

Two-parameter families of predictor-corrector methods based upon a combination of Adams- and Nyström formulae have been developed. The combinations use correctors of order one higher than that of the predictors. The methods are chosen to give optimal stability properties with respect to a requirement on the form and size of the regions of absolute stability. The optimal methods are listed and their regions of absolute stability are presented. The efficiency of the methods is compared to that of the corresponding Adams methods through numerical results from a variable order, variable stepsize program package.     

ABSOLUTE STABILITY OF CONTROL SYSTEM WITH MULTI-NONLINEAR FEEDBACK TERMS

ＡＢＳＯＬＵＴＥＳＴＡＢＩＬＩＴＹＯＦＣＯＮＴＲＯＬＳＹＳＴＥＭＷＩＴＨＭＵＬＴＩ－ＮＯＮＬＩＮＥＡＲＦＥＥＤＢＡＣＫＴＥＲＭＳ￥（廖晓昕，王晓君，舒卫华，吴卫华）ＬｉａｏＸｉａｏｘｉｎ；ＷａｎｇＸｉａｏｊｕｎ（Ｄｅｐｔ．ｏｆＭａｔｈｅｍａｔｉｃｓ，...     

Backward differentiation formulas with extended regions of absolute stability

This paper presents a class of (p + 2)-step backward differentiation formulas of orderp. The two extra degrees of freedom obtained by limiting the order of a (p + 2)-step formula top are used to extend the region of absolute stability. A new formula of orderp has a region of absolute stability very similar to that of a classical backward differentiation formula of orderp - 1 forp being in the range 4–6. The backward differentiation formulas with extended regions of absolute stability are constructed by appending two exponential-trigonometric terms to the polynomial basis of the classical formulas. Besides the absolute stability, the paper discusses relative stability and contractivity. The principles of an experimental implementation of the new formulas are outlined, and a linear problem integrated with this computer program indicates that the extended regions of absolute stability can actually be exploited in practice.     

Delay-dividing approach for absolute stability of Lurie control system with mixed delays

This paper studies the absolute stability problem for a Lurie control system with nonlinearity located in an infinite sector and finite one. By dividing the discrete delay interval into multiple segments and choosing proper Lyapunov functionals, some delay dependent stability criteria are derived to guarantee the stability of the Lurie control system. It is established theoretically that the criteria are less conservative than the previous ones. Numerical examples demonstrate the validity of the proposed criteria.     

具有重叠多非线性项的一般Lurie系统的绝对稳定性

本文研究了具有重叠多非线性项的一般Lurie直接系统的绝对稳定问题.利用关于某个变元绝对稳定的概念,获得了绝对稳定的充要条件和一些充分条件,推广了现有的一些研究结果.     

具有重叠多非线性项的一般Lurie系统的绝对稳定性

本文研究了具有重叠多非线性项的一般Lurie直接系统的绝对稳定问题. 利用关于某个变元绝对稳定的概念, 获得了绝对稳定的充要条件和一些充分条件, 推广了现有的一些研究结果.     

几类Lurie型控制系统绝对稳定性充分必要条件

本借助部分变元绝对稳定性的充要条件，得出几类Lurie型控制系统绝对稳定性充分必要条件，这些判据为显式的代数形式，易于验证，也便于在实践中应用。