(n)nc-Si：H/(p)c-Si异质结中载流子输运性质的研究

采用常规等离子体增强化学气相沉积工艺,以高H₂稀释的SiH₄作为反应气体源和PH₃作为磷原子的掺杂剂,在p型(100)单晶硅((p)c-Si)衬底上, 成功地生长了施主掺杂型纳米硅膜((n)nc-Si:H),进而制备了(n)nc-Si:H/(p)c-Si异质结,并在230—420Ｋ温度范围内实验研究了该异质结的Ｉ-Ｖ特性.结果表明,(n)nc-Si:H/(p)c- Si异质结为一典型的突变异质结构,具有良好的温度稳定性和整流特性.正向偏压下 关键词： (n)nc-Si:H/(p)c-Si异质结 能带模型 电流输运机构 温度特性     

纳米硅/单晶硅异质结二极管的I-V特性

用纳米硅（nc_Si∶H）薄膜制成了纳米硅/单晶硅（nc_Si∶H/c_Si）异质结二极管，对nc_Si∶H/c_Si异质结的特性进行了研究，它具有很好的温度稳定性.温度从20℃上升到200℃ ，I_V曲线只有很小的漂移.对nc_Si∶H/c_Si异质结二极管的输运机理进行了讨论. 关键词： 异质结二极管 纳米硅薄膜 输运机理     

ZnO纳米棒／MEH-PPV异质结的复合电致隧穿发光

利用低温水热法生长的ZnO纳米棒（ZnO-NRs）,和p型有机半导体材料聚[2-甲氧基-5-（2-乙基己氧基）-1,4-苯撑乙烯撑]（MEH-PPV）复合制备了结构为“ITO/ZnO晶种/ZnO-NRs/MEH-PPV/Al”的发光器件。测试结果发现,该器件具有非常好的二极管整流特性。对ZnO-NRs/M EH-PPV异质结施加超过17 V的反向偏压时,可同时获得两种半导体材料的发光,且ZnO近紫外光（380 nm ）发射强度远大于 M EH-PPV的红橙光强度,发光功率随着反向偏压的增加迅速增强,然而施加正向偏压时未探测到发光。该器件的发光机理不同于其他文献报道的正偏压发光,而属于反偏压发光器件,其发光机理归因于有机无机复合异质结的界面特殊性和ZnO-NRs的纳米尺寸效应,反偏压下器件实现的是载流子隧穿发光,而正偏压时载流子以表面态的无辐射复合及漏电流方式消耗。     

钙钛矿氧化物异质结自旋极化输运机制研究

文章介绍了一个基于弱Hund耦合规则以及载流子漂移扩散机制所提出的关于钙钛矿氧化物p-n异质结构的自旋极化输运机制的物理模型．该理论不仅可以很好地解释由具有负磁阻效应的La0.9Sr0．1MnO3（LSMO）与非磁性的SrNb0.01Ti0.99O3（SNTO）所组成的异质结中所存在的正磁电阻效应，同时揭示了该体系中LSMO在界面区域的载流子与远离界面区域的载流子具有不同的自旋极化方向．这一结果将为理解钙钛矿氧化物异质结及多层膜的自旋极化输运机制开辟了一条新的途径．     

PLD法生长n-Zn1-xCoxO/p-Si异质结的电学性能研究

用高功率脉冲激光轰击Zn1-xCoxO,得到锌、钴和氧的原子、分子和团簇等混合体,并在p型单晶Si表面反应生成n型Zn1-xCoxO.X射线衍射(XRD)、原子力显微镜(AFM)研究表明,这层材料是结构致密均匀、呈c轴高度择优取向的薄膜,与p型Si材料形成n-Zn1-xCoxO/p-Si异质结.在Zn1-xCoxO中加入H,生成了Co-H-Co聚合体,异质结的势垒高度随着Co含量的增加而增加,同时深能级的Co-d轨道捕获作为浅施主的间隙H提供的电子,造成的体系n型半导体层的载流子浓度降低,电阻率提高,使得n-Zn1-xCoxO/p-Si异质结在6.5V时漏电流降致6×10-3 mA,反向击穿电压超过20V,电学性能得到显著改进.     

单载流子传输光敏晶体管小信号等效电路模型的建立与分析

建立了单载流子传输双异质结光敏晶体管的小信号等效电路模型.分析了单载流子传输双异质结光敏晶体管光生电流的产生机制,并将其作为基极电流的一部分,引入到小信号等效电路中.分析了单载流子传输双异质结光敏晶体管中单载流子传输的输运方式对光跨导、发射结电阻、发射结结电容和集电结结电容的影响.基于所建模型,研究了InP基单载流子传输双异质结光敏晶体管的光特征频率和光电流增益受光窗口面积和入射光功率的影响.结果表明,在同样入射光功率下,存在一个最佳的光窗口面积使得光特征频率获得最大值,最佳光窗口面积随入射光功率的增加在一定面积范围内发生偏移.在固定光窗口面积(8×8μm2)条件下,随着输入光功率的增加,光特征频率先增大后减小,在280μW时达到最高值150GHz,光短路电流增益也随着光功率的增加而逐渐增加,在入射光功率750μW时达到饱和,饱和增益为82dB.     

有机p—n异质结固态太阳能电池中的激子和载流子输运

在实验工作的基础上，提出了双层ｐ－ｎ异质结有机太阳能电池中激子和载流子输运的理论模型。假设只有扩散到结区的激子和该区产生的激子，才对形成光电流有贡献。这些激子被有机／有机界面的内建场离解成自由载流子。而后，电子在Ｂｅｉ红（ｎ型有机半导体）层传导，空穴在酞菁（ｐ型有机半导体）层传导。据此，讨论了在Ｂｅｉ红／酞菁异质结电池中，Ｂｅｉ红（Ｍｅ－ＰＴＣ）层和铝氯酞菁（ＣｌＡｌＰｃ）层之间的Ｆｏｒｓｔｅｒ能     

Pt/BiFeO_3/Nb:SrTiO_3异质结的光伏效应和光调控整流特性

铁电薄膜异质结的光伏效应因具有重要的应用前景而备受关注,而且其中多种光伏效应机制的共存带来了丰富而复杂的物理内涵.为了研究界面对光伏效应的重要作用,制备了基于BiFeO_3铁电薄膜的具有"金属/铁电体/半导体"非对称电极结构的Pt/BiFeO_3/Nb:SrTiO_3异质结,并系统研究了其在不同波长(365和445 nm)激光照射下的光伏效应.在365 nm, 74 mW/cm~2光照下,异质结的光伏开路电压高达0.55 V.而且,由于光激发和光吸收过程的不同, 365 nm激光照射下该异质结的开路电压和短路电流比445 nm激光照射下的结果显著提高.随着温度降低,开路电压单调上升,而不同波长下的短路电流则表现出不同的变化规律.另外,随着光强的提高,异质结整流效应获得增强,通过分析,空间电荷限制电流传导机制对异质结输运有重要贡献,而光生载流子将通过填充缺陷影响输运特性.     

电子型高温超导体／铁电体／巨磁阻材料异质结的生长及其电输运性质的研究

本文中采用脉冲激光沉积的方法原位制备了结构完整的La1.89Ce0.11CuO4（LCCO）／Ba0．7Sr0.33TiO3（BST）／La0.67Sr0．33MnO3（LSMO）三层膜，并在此基础上制得了类似P-I-N型的全钙钛矿结构材料异质结．在不同的温度区间对其电输运性质进行了测量．测量结果表明随着充当绝缘层的Ba0．7Sr0．3TiO3的厚度的变化，异质结的电输运机制也在变化．当其厚度到达25纳米时，整个结在低温区呈现良好的整流特性．     

锗硅/硅异质结材料的化学气相淀积生长动力学模型

基于化学气相淀积(CVD)的Grove理论和Fick第一定律,提出并建立了锗硅(SiGe)/硅(Si)异质结材料减压化学气相淀积(RPCVD)生长动力学模型.与以前锗硅/硅异质结材料生长动力学模型仅考虑表面反应控制不同,本模型同时考虑了表面反应和气相传输两种控制机理,并给出了两种控制机理极限情况下的模型.本模型不仅适用于低温锗硅/硅应变异质结材料生长的表征,也适用于表征高温锗硅/硅弛豫异质结材料生长的表征.将模型计算值与实验结果进行了对比,无论是625℃低温下的应变SiGe的生长,还是900℃高温下的弛豫 关键词： SiGe/Si异质结材料 化学气相淀积生长动力学模型 Grove理论 Fick第一定律     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.