基于飞秒光梳互相关的空间精密测距理论模型分析EI北大核心CSCD

飞秒光梳的出现为实现高精度绝对距离测量提供了诸多有效方法,并有望直接应用于激光雷达、卫星编队飞行和空间引力测量等空间探测任务。从未来空间精密测距的精度需求出发,提出在飞行时间法辅助测距的基础上利用光学脉冲互相关分析技术将目标距离测量直接溯源到光梳重复频率的测量方法,建立了飞秒光梳测距基本模型,进行了飞秒脉冲互相关理论分析,并开展了互相关及测距仿真实验。仿真结果表明,在目标距离为10 km以及重复频率扫描精度0.01 Hz条件下,进行非模糊量程内线性测距的测量精度优于450 nm,测距残余误差的峰谷(PV)值为780 nm,验证了该方法实现亚微米级甚至纳米量级大量程空间精密测距的可行性。     

基于飞秒光梳互相关的空间精密测距理论模型分析

飞秒光梳的出现为实现高精度绝对距离测量提供了诸多有效方法,并有望直接应用于激光雷达、卫星编队飞行和空间引力测量等空间探测任务。从未来空间精密测距的精度需求出发,提出在飞行时间法辅助测距的基础上利用光学脉冲互相关分析技术将目标距离测量直接溯源到光梳重复频率的测量方法,建立了飞秒光梳测距基本模型,进行了飞秒脉冲互相关理论分析,并开展了互相关及测距仿真实验。仿真结果表明,在目标距离为10 km以及重复频率扫描精度0.01 Hz条件下,进行非模糊量程内线性测距的测量精度优于450 nm,测距残余误差的峰谷(PV)值为780 nm,验证了该方法实现亚微米级甚至纳米量级大量程空间精密测距的可行性。     

飞秒脉冲非对称互相关绝对测距

光学频率梳是一种重复频率与偏置频率锁定的新型光源,在频域上为频率间隔稳定的频率梳齿,在时域上为相对距离稳定的飞秒脉冲激光.光学频率梳在测距中的应用广泛,能够实现远距离高精度的测量.本实验使用飞秒激光脉冲作为光源,基于谐振腔扫描光学采样测距原理得到非对称的互相关干涉条纹,实现了远距离高精度的绝对测距.非对称互相关条纹可通过色散补偿与调节光学频率梳的重复频率得到,并通过得到的非对称的互相关干涉条纹对测距结果进行补偿.实验结果表明测距系统能够实现在50 m范围内误差为2 μm的绝对测距,测量相对误差为1.9×10^-7.     

基于电控光学采样的飞秒激光距离测量系统

基于电控光学采样原理开展了飞秒激光飞行时间绝对距离测量的实验研究。电控光学采样技术使用两台重复频率锁相的飞秒激光器,分别作为信号激光器和本地振荡器。在本地振荡器的谐振腔内插入电光调制器并施加方波调制,实现了可控、高效的等效时间采样,采样速度由电光调制器的调制频率决定。基于这一采样原理开展脉冲飞行时间绝对距离测量实验。选用一对重复频率约为158 MHz的被动锁模光纤激光器作为光源,对固定目标进行单次测量的最大更新速率可达到200 kHz,经过4100次单次测量平均后,测距精度可达到16.7 nm。在此基础上,测量了硅基微机械器件中深度约为67.6μm的微槽。     

脉宽对超快激光平衡光学互相关测距影响的研究

采用基于平衡光学互相关的超快激光绝对距离测量方法对大气中一段15m的空间距离进行了测量。仿真了不同脉冲宽度、不同光强损耗对平衡互相关信号的影响,理论分析表明脉宽展宽对平衡互相关信号影响较大。采用中心波长为1037nm、重复频率为260MHz的超快激光器光源,搭建了测距系统。实验验证了在脉宽分别为1.44ps、132fs时,对平衡互相关信号的影响,实验结果符合理论分析。研究了不同脉冲宽度对测量分辨力的影响,结果显示,采样时间为5ms,脉宽为1.44ps,测量分辨力不低于50μm;而当脉宽为132fs时,测量分辨力优于5μm。     

飞秒光频梳的任意长绝对测距

高精度测距在工业、航空航天、科学研究等方面都具有重要应用, 而不断发展的激光测距技术始终处于前沿研究领域. 本文研究飞秒光频梳绝对测距技术, 拓展光梳在长度测量领域的应用. 在利用脉冲激光进行任意绝对长度测量中常用到飞行时间法, 然而其测量分辨力受限于电子器件的带宽, 仅为毫米量级. 为克服这一缺点, 本文研究了光梳多脉冲序列之间的时间相干性, 结合多脉冲序列干涉法和飞行时间法提出了任意长绝对测距的方法, 搭建了基于改进型Michelson干涉原理的任意绝对测长系统, 通过同时测量多脉冲序列的一阶和二阶互相关信号, 可以分别计算出飞行时间的时间差, 即可得到被测距离. 利用光梳作为光源进行了0.6m的绝对测距实验, 将测量结果与高精度激光位移传感器的测量值进行比较, 实验结果表明本系统具有良好的测量线性度, 并且测距精度可达±0.5μm. 关键词： 飞秒光频梳 任意长绝对测距 飞行时间法 多脉冲序列干涉法     

一种双光梳多外差大尺寸高精度绝对测距新方法的理论分析

本文提出了一种双光梳多外差大尺寸高精度绝对测距的新方法, 结合基于双光梳互相关的多外差距离测量和基于重复频率的梳间拍频距离测量, 在不需要依靠脉冲飞行时间先验判断以及扫描重复频率或扫描参考光路的前提下实现km量程高精度绝对测距. 文章在光梳基本原理和测距方案的基础上, 建立了基于双光梳的大尺寸距离测量链理论模型, 讨论了多外差最低谱线和光梳重复频率稳定度对测量结果的影响, 并进行了大量仿真计算; 仿真结果表明, 在理想相位解调精度的前提下, 该方法的测距误差优于± 50 pm, 且多外差最低谱线的频率偏差对测距造成的影响远低于多外差测量的测距分辨力, 验证了该方法能够用于开展大尺寸高精度绝对测距研究. 关键词： 激光测距 飞秒光梳 重复频率 多外差干涉     

基于飞秒激光纵模间拍信号的高精度绝对距离测量

针对使用单一频率飞秒激光纵模间拍信号测距时测量分辨力和最大非模糊距离之间的矛盾,提出了一种同时使用不同频率的微波信号对距离进行测量并逐级合成测量结果的方法。分别选取频率为100 MHz和1GHz的纵模间拍信号测量目标距离,之后调整飞秒激光器的重复频率,使1GHz的纵模间拍信号频率变化1 MHz后再次测量,借助频率变化进一步得到更大的合成波长,最后将三次测量的结果逐级合成,在扩展最大非模糊距离的同时保证了测量结果的高精度。实验结果表明,这种方法能够将最大非模糊距离扩展到150m,对目标绝对距离的测量结果不确定度为25.8μm。该方法不需要改变光路结构,测量过程简便,能很好地实现大尺寸高精度的绝对距离测量。     

基于飞秒光学频率梳相关探测的绝对测距

提出了一种基于飞秒光学频率梳相关探测的绝对距离测量方法,通过检测测量信号与参考信号的相关条纹,实现了绝对距离测量。研究了一阶相关函数的测量模型,建立了基于非平衡迈克耳孙干涉光路的测量系统,通过拟合一阶相关函数包络并提取其峰值精确判断脉冲重合位置,获得了被测距离。设计并配合长导轨进行了3 m的绝对距离测量实验,并与商用干涉仪测量结果进行实时比对。基于大量实验数据,针对环境因素及系统误差进行了分析,并进行了误差消除与补偿。研究结果表明,所提方法在500 min长期测量中,在3 m的测量范围内的最大测量误差为5.85μm,测量标准差为2.20μm。     

铋纳米薄膜相干光学声子研究

利用共轴双色飞秒激光泵浦-探测技术测量了铋(Bi)纳米薄膜的相干光学声子。采用自相关技术测量得到探测光的脉宽约为45 fs,用探测光和泵浦光的互相关信号得到泵浦光经过脉冲整形以后的脉宽约为250 fs,进而测量得到Bi纳米薄膜的对称振动模频率为2.86 THz,与自发Raman光谱的结果吻合。采用指数衰减函数与互相关信号的卷积拟合延迟时间在10 ps以内的差分反射信号,确定了相干光学声子振幅衰减的特征时间约为2.6 ps,与电子衰减特征时间相近,却远小于晶格加热的特征时间,从而为进一步揭示材料内部载流子与声子的相互作用提供了依据。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.