Water-in-trichloroethylene emulsions stabilized by uniform carbon microspheres

Uniform hard carbon spheres (HCS), synthesized by the hydrothermal decomposition of sucrose followed by pyrolysis, are effective at stabilizing water-in-trichloroethylene (TCE) emulsions. The irreversible adsorption of carbon particles at the TCE-water interface resulting in the formation of a monolayer around the water droplet in the emulsion phase is identified as the key reason for emulsion stability. Cryogenic scanning electron microscopy was used to image the assembly of carbon particles clearly at the TCE-water interface and the formation of bilayers in regions of droplet-droplet contact. The results of this study have potential implications to the subsurface injection of carbon submicrometer particles containing zero-valent iron nanoparticles to treat pools of chlorinated hydrocarbons that are sequestered in fractured bedrock.     

中空高分子荧光微球的制备及其免疫层析检测应用

以过硫酸钾(KPS)为引发剂,甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)和苯乙烯(St)为单体,采用无皂乳液聚合法制备了表面官能团化的高分子微球。研究发现添加微量NaCl制备得到的高分子微球,经四氢呋喃(THF)溶胀处理后,能够得到单分散且表面完整的中空P(St-co-GMA)微球。随后使用有机溶胀的方式将Eu配合物染料负载于微球壳层中,实现了α1微球蛋白(α1-MG)和β2微球蛋白(β2-MG)的免疫层析检测。     

中空高分子荧光微球的制备及其免疫层析检测应用

以过硫酸钾（KPS）为引发剂,甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯（GMA）和苯乙烯（St）为单体,采用无皂乳液聚合法制备了表面官能团化的高分子微球。研究发现添加微量NaCl制备得到的高分子微球,经四氢呋喃（THF）溶胀处理后,能够得到单分散且表面完整的中空P （St-co-GMA）微球。随后使用有机溶胀的方式将Eu(Ⅲ)配合物染料负载于微球壳层中,实现了α1微球蛋白（α1-MG）和β2微球蛋白（β2-MG）的免疫层析检测。     

Preparation of uniform silica/polypyrrole core/shell microspheres and polypyrrole hollow microspheres by the template of modified silica particles using different modified agents

Silica/polypyrrole (PPY) core/shell microspheres and PPY hollow microspheres were prepared by the template of silica particles whose surface character was modified with different modified agents. The morphology and structure of the particles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Elemental analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were carried out to characterize the structure of PPY hollow microspheres. We investigated the effect of different modified agents on the surface character of silica particles and the effect of surface character of silica particles on the morphology of PPY hollow microspheres. The effect of reaction conditions on the size of core/shell particles and hollow particles was also studied.     

Velocity-independent microfluidic flow cytometry

Pressure-driven flow in microfluidic channels is characterized by a distribution of velocities. This distribution makes it difficult to implement conventional flow cytometry data analysis. We have demonstrated a method to measure velocity as an independent parameter when performing microfluidic flow cytometry. This method allows velocity-independent analysis of particles such as beads or cells, and allows flow cytometry analysis of extended objects, such as long DNA molecules. It allows accurate flow cytometry in transient and nonuniform flows. This general measurement method could be used in the future to measure the velocity of particles in a variety of existing microfluidic devices without the need for changes in their design.     

免疫磁性纳米微球的制备与表征

成功制备了Fe3O4磁性纳米颗粒及二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯-甲基丙烯酸(EGDMA-MAA)共聚物包覆的Fe3O4磁性复合微球。将吲哚美辛抗体固定在复合微球表面,形成了Fe3O4(核)/聚合物-抗体(壳)的复合免疫磁性颗粒。XRD结果表明,制备的Fe3O4的晶型为反立方尖晶石型且纯度较高;TEM表征表明Fe3O4粒径较为均匀,平均粒径为12nm;磁性复合微球的平均直径为460nm。制备的Fe3O4磁性纳米颗粒和磁性复合微球有较强的磁响应强度,其饱和磁化率分别为49.16和8.38emu/g,能够满足磁性分离的要求。FT IR验证了磁性复合微球中羧基特征峰的存在,表明羧基成功连接在磁性微球上面。通过碳二亚胺/N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(EDC/NHS)活化法将微球表面羧基活化并成功与抗吲哚美辛抗体交联。     

Preparation and characterization of cellulose microspheres

The aim of this work was to synthesize and characterize cellulose microspheres with a particle size below 5 μm and narrow size distribution. After activation and functionalization with antibodies, these particles shall be applied as adsorbents in suspension-based extracorporeal blood purification systems, such as the Microspheres-Based Detoxification System. In the frame of this work such microspheres were developed and synthesized with reproducible properties. Besides using well-established methods for characterization of this kind of bead cellulose, additional procedures for the examination of its properties were developed and applied.     

Preparation of uniform rhodamine B-doped SiO2/TiO2 composite microspheres

Uniform rhodamine B (RB)-doped SiO₂/TiO₂ composite microspheres with catalytic and fluorescent properties were prepared by an easy and economical method in this paper. The composite microspheres were built up with well-dispersed silica particles as the cores, RB as both the doped agent and stabilizer, and the TiO₂ shells were obtained through the hydrolysis of TiCl₄ in water bath. The morphology and structure of the particles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The characterization results indicate that composite particles are all in spherical shape and have a narrow size distribution. The composite particles calcined above 500 °C reveal clear crystalline reflection peaks of the rutile TiO₂ which exhibits well catalytic property. The photocatalytic experiment was carried out in order to examine the catalytic property of composite microspheres. The fluorescent property of particles was also investigated. Dye-leakage test indicates that RB molecules entrapped in the composite particles by this method are stable inside the particles.     

BiOBr microspheres for photocatalytic degradation of an anionic dye

BiOBr microspheres were obtained using a solvothermal synthesis route in the presence of ethylene glycol and KBr at 145 °C, for 18 h. BiOBr microspheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms analysis, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS). Additionally, the theoretical and experimental isoelectric points (IEP) of BiOBr nanostructured microspheres were determined, and pH's influence on the degradation of an anionic dye (methyl orange) under simulated solar radiation was analyzed. Results show that 97% of methyl orange is removed at pH 2 after 60 min of photocatalytic reaction. Finally, DRIFTS studies permit the proposal of a surface reaction mechanism of the photocatalytic oxidation of MO using BiOBr microspheres.     

Preparation of biodegradable polyesteramide microspheres

Biodegradable polyesteramide copolymer P(CL/AU) based on -caprolactone and 11-aminoundecanoic acid was synthesized by the melt polycondensation method. Polyesteramide (PEA) microspheres were prepared by a simple O/W emulsion solvent evaporation method. The effects of variations in preparation parameters (such as emulsifier concentration, polymer concentration, polymer solution adding rate, stirring rate, and whether vacuum was applied) were studied in detail. The obtained microsphere morphologies were observed using an optical microscope and via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The particle size distribution was determined using a Malvern laser particle sizer. When the PEA microspheres were incubated in PBS saline, the particle size increased at first, and then decreased after a longer time period; the theory that this behavior was due to degradation of the microspheres was confirmed by SEM.     

磁性明胶微球的制备及表征

生物高分子磁性微球作为性能优异的功能高分子材料在固定化酶、靶向药物、细胞分离和免疫分析等方面显示出强大的生命力。我们曾用凝胶-微乳液法化学剪裁技术制备了明胶包裹的复合磁性微粒,本文用共沉淀法制备磁性Fe3O4微晶作为磁性内核,明胶为包裹材料,     

淀粉衍生物微球的制备及其表征

以可溶性淀粉为原料,环氧氯丙烷(ECH)与N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺分别为交联剂(MBAA),Span 60和Tween 60为乳化剂,环己烷和三氯甲烷混合液为油相,硝酸铈铵为引发剂,反相乳液聚合法合成淀粉衍生物微球.通过红外光谱判定主要官能团的变化,借用图片直观淀粉衍生物微球的形貌,判断其控制聚合变量各种因素对合成微球形貌的影响,找到最佳合成条件为可溶性淀粉浓度5%,交联剂用量3 g,引发剂硝酸铈铵用量0.15g,水油相体积比2∶5,聚合温度65℃,聚合时间2 h.使得聚合衍生微球在形体类似球型,体内多孔多面,为进一步探讨吸附作用完成前期工作.     

Preparation and properties of thermoexpandable polymeric microspheres

In this paper,thermoexpandable polymeric microspheres were prepared by suspension polymerization with acrylonitrile(AN) and methyl methacrylate(MMA) as monomers and i-butane as a blowing agent.The micromorphology and thermal stability were researched by polarized microscopy and TGA.The diameter of the expandable microspheres increased from about 20 mm(unexpanded) to 40–80 mm(expanded) upon heating.The maximum expansion volume was higher than 22 times of the original volume and the density of the expanded microspheres was about 16.7 kg/m3.The blowing agent content in microspheres was about 20 wt% and To.e.,Tm.e.and To.s.were 80 8C,120–130 8C and 140–145 8C,respectively.     

Packings of uniform microspheres with ordered macropores fabricated by double templating

Highly uniform 3-D ordered macroporous spheres in regular arrays were produced by a double templating process. The first template of larger silica balls produced the polymer skeleton for guiding the shape and size of the self-assembled superstructure of smaller polymeric balls, which are introduced subsequently into the internal space of the skeleton. The second templating with inorganic precursors has created novel superstructured materials, which could open up significant opportunities in a variety of areas ranging from absorbents/catalysts to novel photonic crystals.     

New advances in microfluidic flow cytometry

In recent years, researchers are paying the increasing attention to the development of portable microfluidic diagnostic devices including microfluidic flow cytometry for the point‐of‐care testing. Microfluidic flow cytometry, where microfluidics and flow cytometry work together to realize novel functionalities on the microchip, provides a powerful tool for measuring the multiple characteristics of biological samples. The development of a portable, low‐cost, and compact flow cytometer can benefit the health care in underserved areas such as Africa or Asia. In this article, we review recent advancements of microfluidics including sample pumping, focusing and sorting, novel detection approaches, and data analysis in the field of flow cytometry. The challenge of microfluidic flow cytometry is also examined briefly.     

Applications of flow cytometry in clinical diagnosis

Flow cytometry (FCM) combines the quantitative aspects of spectrophotometry with the single cell resolution of microscopy and the speed of a microprocessor controlled flow system to make rapid, quantitative, correlated, multiparameter measurements on individual cells. In 15 years FCM has progressed from engineering novelty to major research and diagnostic tool.     

Preparation of polymer microspheres from solutions

Polymer microspheres are obtained by the dropwise addition of a precipitant, containing a polymeric stabilizer, into a polymer solution, containing a polymeric stabilizer. The polymer and stabilizer concentrations, the stirring speed, and the precipitation temperature determine the size and size uniformity of the microspheres. Seven polymer microspheres of polyimide, poly(ether imide), poly(ether ketone), poly(phenylene oxide), polysulfone, poly(vinylidene fluoride), and cellulose diacetate have been prepared with dimethylacetamide as the solvent, with water as the precipitant, and with poly(vinyl alcohol) as the stabilizer. The size and size uniformity of the obtained microspheres are d = 2.3–25.7 μm and ? = 0.15–0.50, respectively (? = σ/d, where ? is the dispersion coefficient, d is the average diameter, and σ is the standard deviation of the diameter). © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 159–165, 2003     

空心球壳型V2O5的制备研究

无机空心微球含可容纳大量客体的中空部分,具有比表面积大、密度小、表面渗透能力强、稳定性好等特点,在化学、生物、材料科学和光电领域均有重要的应用,如控制释放胶囊(药物、颜料、化妆品、油墨)、催化剂及催化剂载体、分离材料、声学隔音材料以及电子学元件等。[1-3]空心球壳材料的制备方法通常有喷雾干燥法,乳液法[4],模板合成法[5]。近年来以胶体粒子为模板合成空心材料引起了人们的高度重视,其中聚苯乙烯微球(PSt)由于其形貌规整,粒径均一而被广泛用作形成空心结构的有机模板[6]。通过对锂离子电池正极材料的广泛研究,发现空心球壳型…     

Ag-deposited hollow mesoporous silica microspheres for rapid decolorizing of dye pollutants

Research on Chemical Intermediates - In this paper, we demonstrate a facile electroless plating method for fabricating silver nanoparticles deposited onto hollow mesoporous silica microspheres...