介孔材料在烯烃环氧化中的催化应用

本文综述了介孔材料在烯烃环氧化反应中的应用,包括材料的制备方法、催化性能以及活性中心的表征。通过硅钛原子的合理匹配可以达到四配位钛的高度分散,从而提高催化活性。硅烷化处理增加材料表面的疏水性,能够大幅度提高活性和选择性。通过多种谱学和分子模拟等手段可表征骨架钛及其配位情况。     

介孔材料在烯烃环氧化中的催化应用

本文综述了介孔材料在烯烃环氧化反应中的应用,包括材料的制备方法、催化性能以及活性中心的表征.通过硅钛原子的合理匹配可以达到四配位钛的高度分散,从而提高催化活性.硅烷化处理增加材料表面的疏水性,能够大幅度提高活性和选择性.通过多种谱学和分子模拟等手段可表征骨架钛及其配位情况.     

介孔钛硅新催化材料

本文综述了介孔钛硅新催化材料的制备方法,归纳评述了各类介孔钛硅材料的制备技术和相应的产物的结构特点,介绍了现有的表征介孔钛硅材料孔结构和钛活性位的重要技术手段和特征,概括了含钛介孔材料在有机物液相催化选择氧化方面的应用,讨论了提高钛位的催化活性、结构稳定性、疏水性、钛硅比等的技术方法;提出了介孔钛硅材料研究存在的问题并展望了将来的研究方向。     

介孔结构磷酸钛正极材料的制备及其电化学性能

利用溶胶凝胶模板法结合煅烧的方法,通过外加和不加模板剂,分别制备出介孔结构和非介孔结构的磷酸钛正极材料,所得样品的结构和比表面积分别用X射线粉末衍射仪和低温N2吸脱附技术进行了表征,并对其电化学行为进行了研究.充放电测试结果表明,介孔结构的磷酸钛正极材料表现出优越的电化学性能,在500mA/g充放电条件下,首次放电容量高达81.9 mAh/g,而非介孔结构的磷酸钛正极材料的首次放电容量仅为11.4 mAh/g.     

钛离子掺杂对LiFe0.6Mn0.4PO4/C 电化学性能的影响

采用固相法合成了钛离子掺杂LiFe0.6Mn0.4PO4/C正极材料.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)以及电化学测试,对合成材料的结构、形貌和电化学性能进行了表征.结果表明:钛离子掺杂未影响材料的晶型结构,但显著改善了材料的电化学性能;Li(Fe0.6Mn0.4)0.96Ti0.02PO4/C材料表现出优异的倍率性能,0.1C倍率下其比容量为160.3mAh.g-1;在10C倍率下,比容量为134.7mAh.g-1;特别是在20C高倍率下仍然具有124.4mAh.g-1的放电比容量.电化学交流阻抗谱(EIS)和循环伏安(CV)测试结果说明,通过钛离子掺杂导致材料阻抗和极化的减少是材料倍率性能改善的主要原因.     

杂化钙钛矿光伏材料的合成及热稳定性研究——推荐一个综合化学实验

介绍了一个综合性化学实验,内容包括一步溶液法制备有机-无机杂化钙钛矿光伏材料、材料结构与形貌表征、吸光系数测定及热稳定性研究。     

研究性综合化学实验：纳米级TS-1分子筛的合成、表征与催化性能的研究

介绍一个研究性综合化学实验--水热法合成纳米级TS-1分子筛及其表征与催化性能研究。实验通过传统的水热合成方法,制备了具有MFI拓扑结构的TS-1型分子筛。产物的结构通过X射线粉末衍射仪（XRD）、紫外-可见光谱仪（UV-Vis）进行了表征;产物的孔道性质通过N2吸附-脱附仪进行了表征,其形貌由透射电子显微镜（TEM）进行了表征。将所制备的钛硅分子筛材料用于二苯并噻吩的氧化脱硫反应的测试,表征了其催化活性。     

催化新材料——钛硅分子筛合成及应用研究*

评述了钛硅分子筛新催化材料的合成及其催化应用的研究进展, 包括钛硅分子筛(TS21) 的水热合成方法、原料、模板剂、影响因素、TS21 同晶取代法合成、表征、活性中心、钛硅分子筛双氧水体系的应用研究及近年中孔钛硅分子筛的进展。对未来的研究提出了建议。     

高钛含量钛硅中孔材料的合成及理化性质研究

通过单独水解混合成胶在静态条件下采用水热晶化及水热后处理,在模版剂用量较低和n(Ti)/n(Si)高达1/4的条件下合成了钛硅中孔材料.XRD、FT-IR、UV-Vis DRS和催化选择氧化反应表征结果表明,新合成方法有效防止了成胶过程在高钛含量下产生不溶性钛硅物种,合成产物呈高度有序的MCM-41六方结构,并具有较高的热稳定性和催化选择氧化反应活性.四丁基氢氧化铵在成胶过程不仅有利于钛形成稳定的可溶性物种从而提高其利用率,同时还促进孔墙内基本结构单元的交联和有序化.     

钛金属表面骨诱导型可降解壳聚糖涂层的构建及生物活性调控

纯钛片(Ti)首先通过喷砂酸蚀(SLA)形成SLA-Ti,然后经阿仑膦酸钠(ALN)亲水处理后形成ALN-SLA-Ti,最后以壳聚糖(CS)为涂层材料,通过静电喷涂(ES)将重组人骨形态发生蛋白-2(rhBMP-2)快速、有效地载入钛片表面,构建载有活性因子的CS涂层来提高钛片表面的生物活性,进而促进钛片表面的成骨能力。利用扫描电子显微镜、激光共聚焦显微镜等对钛片表面形貌、细胞增殖及成骨分化能力进行表征。结果表明:构建的CS涂层具有多级孔洞结构,亲水且可降解;固载的蛋白质持续可控释放;载有rhBMP-2 CS涂层有利于细胞的黏附和增殖,明显促进细胞成骨分化。     

Relations between structure, acidity, and activity of WOx/TiO2: influence of the initial state of the support, titanium oxyhydroxide, or titanium oxide

Two series of WO(x)/TiO(2) catalysts, containing W surface densities up to 4.4 W atoms/nm(2), were prepared by pore volume impregnation of two different supports, titanium oxyhydroxide (amorphous) or titanium oxide (crystallized, 100% anatase). The influence of W surface density and the nature of the support on the surface structure, development of the acidity, and catalytic performances were examined. The texture and structure of the catalysts were investigated by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller measurements, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman and infrared spectroscopy. The catalytic activity was tested for 2-propanol dehydration and n-hexane isomerization. For catalysts obtained by impregnation of titanium oxide, XRD and Raman results showed that W was present as a surface phase. Infrared spectra indicated an increase in the degree of polymerization of W species with increasing W surface density. CO and lutidine adsorption, followed by infrared spectroscopy, showed an increase in the strength and abundance of Br?nsted acid sites (measured after lutidine desorption at 573 K) with the W surface density above a threshold of 1.3 W atoms/nm(2). The development of Br?nsted acidity correlated with the evolution of the infrared bands attributed to polymerized W species. A direct relationship was observed between the concentration of Br?nsted acid sites and the catalytic activity for 2-propanol dehydration. Catalytic activity, for n-hexane isomerization, appears to be associated with the presence of highly condensed W species. The catalysts synthesized by impregnation of titanium oxyhydroxide exhibited a comparable behavior. Hence, for a given W surface density, the W surface structure, concentration of Br?nsted acid sites, and catalytic performances were similar. Thus, no significant effect of the initial form of the support (titanium oxyhydroxide versus titanium oxide; 100% anatase) was evidenced.     

单原子催化剂的生物医学应用

单原子催化剂(SACs)具有100%的原子利用率及充分暴露的原子金属活性位点,其催化活性和选择性更具优势,已广泛应用在化学、能源及环境等领域.近年来, SACs在生物医学领域也引起了广泛关注.本文综述了SACs在肿瘤治疗、抗菌、抗氧化和生物传感等生物医学领域的应用及研究进展,并简要总结了SACs未来应用的挑战和机遇,为合理设计多性能的SACs提供了可行策略.     

Formation, physicochemical, and catalytic properties of the Mo-containing hydrotreatment catalysts on various supports. IV: The activity of the catalysts for the hydrotreatment of black oil

The activity and selectivity of the Mo-Ni catalysts prepared by the impregnation of supports (γ-Al₂O₃, hydrated titanium dioxide (HTD), and palygorskite-montmorrilonite clay (PMC)) are studied in the reactions of black oil hydrotreatment. The alumina support provides a higher catalytic activity in the hydrogenation of aromatics. The highest efficiency in desulfurization and demetalation of raw materials is achieved when hydrated titanium dioxide is used as a support. A low efficiency of the PMC-based catalyst is likely explained by the aggregation of the active component during hydrotreatment. The PMC support can be used as an additive to γ-Al₂O₃. Possible reasons for the dependence of the catalytic activity on the support are considered for various reactions.     

直链烷烃对Ti-HMS分子筛合成的影响

以十二胺为模板剂,正硅酸乙酯为硅源,钛酸四丁酯为钛源,直链烷烃正己烷或正辛烷为有机添加剂,在室温下合成出具有较大孔径的Ti-HMS分子筛.研究了烷烃对Ti-HMS分子筛的扩孔作用及对分子筛结晶度和催化性能的影响.结果表明,加入的烷烃越多,分子筛的孔径越大;烷烃链长越长,对Ti-HMS的扩孔作用越显著.与不加烷烃的Ti-HMS相比,加入烷烃后,分子筛的结晶度及四配位骨架钛的含量均有所降低,而且加入的烷烃量越多,影响越明显.将加入烷烃所得的Ti-HMS用于模拟燃料中4,6-二甲基二苯并噻吩的氧化脱除反应,结果发现,Ti-HMS的催化氧化活性有所提高,对4,6-二甲基二苯并噻吩的脱除速率增大.     

Hydrothermally Stable and Catalytically Active Ordered Mesoporous Materials Assembled from Preformed Zeolite Nanoclusters

Microporous zeolites are widely used commercial catalysts, but their applications are intrinsically limited by their small channel diameters. Recent progress in solving this is used to ordered mesoporous materials such as MCM-41, HMS and SBA-15. These mesoporous materials have pore diameters of 30–60 Å and exhibit catalytic properties for the catalytic conversion of bulky reactants, but unfortunately, when compared with microporous zeolites, the catalytic activity and hydrothermal stability are relatively low, which severely hinders their practical applications. The relatively low catalytic activity and hydrothermal stability can be attributed to the amorphous nature of the mesoporous walls. We review here that the assembly of preformed zeolite precursors with surfactants can synthesize a series of ordered mesoporous materials, which include (1) strongly acidic and hydrothermally stable mesoporous aluminosilicates synthesized in alkaline media; (2) strongly acidic and hydrothermally stable mesoporous aluminosilicates synthesized in strongly acidic media; (3) hydrothermally stable mesoporous titanosilicates with catalytically active titanium species in oxidations; (4) hydrothermally stable mesoporous ferrisilicates. This work would open a door for the industrial application of mesoporous materials as catalysts for large molecules.     

乙酰基萘酚钛配合物[O,O]_nTiCl_(4-n)的合成、负载及催化乙烯聚合反应的研究

合成一类新型非茂钛 乙酰基萘酚钛配合物 [O ,O]nTiCl4 n,该系列催化剂可在较温和的条件下催化乙烯聚合 ,其催化活性在 10 4gPE (molTi·h)左右 ;由于配合物在溶剂中存在缔合现象 ,是导致活性降低和产物分子量分布加宽 .通过将乙酰基萘酚钛配合物 [O ,O]nTiCl4 n负载到MgCl2 上 ,可以大大提高催化活性 ,使之达到 10 6 gPE (molTi·h)以上 .负载后的催化剂反应平稳 ,寿命较长 .而且反应的铝钛比较低 ,并可以使用烷基铝作助催化剂 .负载催化剂所得的聚合物分子量要高于均相所得聚合物分子量 ,且分子量分布变窄 .用粉末X 衍射考察了负载催化剂的结构 .通过X 射线光电子能谱的分析 ,考察负载前后钛、镁、氯元素的电子结合能变化对催化乙烯聚合活性的影响 .     

TS-2钛硅分子筛合成原料和方法的改进

以硅溶胶为硅源,钛酸四丁酯为钛源,四丁基氢氧化铵（ＴＢＡＯＨ）为模板剂,采用改进的方法合成了高结晶度的ＴＳ２分子筛,并对所合成样品用ＦＴＩＲ,ＸＲＤ,ＳＥＭ,２９ＳｉＭＡＳＮＭＲ,ＩＣＰ和Ｎ２吸附等方法进行了结构表征．实验中发现原料内添加适量氨水可使产品晶粒减小,骨架钛含量增加,比表面积和孔容增大,有利于提高其催化活性．另外,将晶化后母液中的ＴＢＡＯＨ循环使用,也能得到结晶度高和催化性能良好的ＴＳ２．采用本文推荐的合成原料和方法可大幅度降低ＴＳ２的合成成本     

Heterogeneous liquid phase oxidation of ethylbenzene to acetophenone with graphene carbon-based catalyst

The series of graphene materials and N-doped graphene materials were successfully synthesized and improved by high-temperature treatment with trace iron oxide. XRD, Raman, FT-IR, TEM and XPS were employed for these catalysts. The catalytic performance of these catalysts was investigated in the selective oxidation of ethylbenzene with tert-butyl hydroperoxide as oxidant. The impacts of temperature, mass of catalysts, reaction time and oxidants on the selective oxidation of ethylbenzene were also investigated. The N-doped graphene materials exhibit greatly remarkable catalytic performance than others. The conversion of ethylbenzene is more than 90% and the selectivity of acetophenone is more than 95% at 353 K. Graphene can be used as catalyst owing to its unique structures and chemical properties. The characterization tests show that the doping of N atoms can create more defects and more active sites in the N-doped graphene materials which could greatly improve the catalytic performance. Furthermore, such cost-effective graphene-based catalysts possess good stability and could be reused at least five times without remarkable loss of the catalytic activity.