HDO and D2O Low Pressure, Long Path Spectra in the 600-3100 cm-1 Region

High-resolution spectra of gas mixtures of HDO, D2O, and H2O were obtained with a Fourier-transform spectrometer with path lengths up to 433 m. The spectra were analyzed to obtain line positions and strengths of over 6000 transitions of HDO and D2O. For HDO, these included the (000)-(000), (020)-(010), and (100)-(010) bands of HD16O and the (010)-(000) bands of HD16O, HD17O, and HD18O. Several of these assignments are reported for the first time. Of interest was the extended coverage of the A-type transitions of the (010)-(000) band of HD16O. This is the only A-type infrared band of any of the water vapor species (HDO, D2O, and H2O) that is not involved in interactions with other bands. By this token, the A-type dipole-moment expansion matrix elements can be tested without involving perturbation theory. The measured linestrengths of the interacting bands, (020)-(010) and (100)-(010), were analyzed using a full perturbation treatment. Strong localized Coriolis interactions affected only a few observed transitions. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.     

OH/D A2sigma(+)-X2pi(i) rovibronic transitions in multibubble sonoluminescence

Multibubble sonoluminescence spectra were recorded in the 300-350 nm wavelength range in the case of H(2)O/Ar, D(2)O/Ar and H(2)O/Kr solutions (acoustic frequency: 20 kHz; spectral resolution optimized to 0.34 nm). Three groups of rotational components (R(1)/R(2), Q(1)/Q(2) and P(1)/P(2)) were identified in the OH/D A2sigma(+)-X2pi(i) (0,0) transitions via the substitution of H(2)O for D(2)O. The congestion of bands and the origin of a red shading extending up to 350 nm are broached.     

Ferroelectricity in an s=1/2 chain cuprate

We report our discovery of ferroelectricity in the spiral-magnetic state in the quantum quasi-one-dimensional (1D) S=1/2 magnet of LiCu2O2. Electric polarization (P) emerges along the c direction below the spiral-magnetic order temperature, but changes from the c to a axis when magnetic fields (H) are applied along the b direction. We also found that P(c) increases with H(c), and P(a) appears with H(a). LiCu2O2 in zero field appears to be the first ferroelectric cuprate and also a prototypical example of the "1D spiral-magnetic ferroelectrics." However, the unexpected behavior in H may demonstrate the complexity of the ordered spin configuration, inherent in the 1D S=1/2 magnet of LiCu2O2.     

RVNb2O9(R=Y,Gd, La)：Eu3+(或Dy3+)的合成和光谱性质的研究

本文用R2O3(R=Y,Gd,La),V2O6,Nb2O5和高温固相反应法合成了复合钒铌酸盐RVMb2O3,并以此为基质研究了Eu3+和Dy3+在其中的光谱性质.实验表明,Eu3+在这三个化合物中均处于偏离反演对称中心的格位上,Eu3+的荧光强度的红/横比(R/O)和Dy3+的黄/蓝比(Y/B)均随R3+的电荷半径比的减小而下降.同时还研究了Bi3+和温度对Dy3+的发射强度的影响.     

The 193 nm photolysis of NO2: NO(ν) vibrational distribution,O(1D) quantum yield and emission from vibrationally excited NO2

Time resolved Fourier transform infrared emission has been used to study the photolysis of NO2 and its dimer N2O4 at 193 nm. NO(ν) populations from the photolysis of NO2 show a bimodal distribution, peaking at ν = 5 and with a subsidiary maximum at ν = 14, close to the energetically allowed limit. The results are discussed in terms of previous measurements near this photolysis wavelength of the kinetic energies of the two possible O atomic fragments, O(3P) and O(1D), and on the electronic states of the parent molecule which can be populated. The O(1D) yield has been measured as 0.51 ± 0.04, in good agreement with previously reported values. Emission from vibrationally excited NO2 arises from the dissociation of N2O4 and is similar to that observed from photolysis at 248 nm.     

氧碘化学激光器中转盘式单重态氧发生器研究

 通过对单重态氧发生器（SOG）内的传质、传热及化学动力学过程的研究，提出高效SOG的设计原则，并研制出一台可用于高功率超音速氧碘化学激光器（COIL）的SOG， 其Cl₂流量在0.6~1mol/s时，O₂(¹Δ)分压可达333.3~519.9Pa； O₂(¹Δ)浓度达到50%~68%；Cl₂利用率大于90%；混合气中水蒸汽含量小于10%。     

二维声场预测的快速多极基本解法

传统基本解法在二维大规模模型的声场求解过程中,系统方程形成和求解的计算量正比于自由度N的二次方O(N²)和三次方O(N³),求解效率低;为此,引入快速多极子算法并采用广义极小残差法迭代求解,提出一种用于二维声场预测的快速多极基本解法。对无限长圆柱体及二维类车体辐射模型的仿真结果表明,当N为3000时,分别采用快速多极基本解法与传统基本解法求解所需的时间比值约为百分之四,且N越大比值越小;最终实现系统方程的形成和求解的计算量降低到正比于自由度O(N),提高了对二维大规模模型声场预测计算效率。     

Theoretical study on the reactions of CH3NHNH2 with ground state O(3P) atom and excited state O(1D) atom

The reaction mechanisms of methylhydrazine (CH₃NHNH₂) with O(³P) and O(¹D) atoms have been explored theoretically at the MPW1K/6-311+G(d,p), MP2/6-311+G(d,p), MCG3-MPWPW91 (single-point), and CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ (single-point) levels. The triplet potential energy surface for the reaction of CH₃NHNH₂ with O(³P) includes seven stable isomers and eight transition states. When the O(³P) atom approaches CH₃NHNH₂, the heavy atoms, namely N and C atoms, are the favourable combining points. O(³P) atom attacking the middle-N atom in CH₃NHNH₂ results in the formation of an energy-rich isomer (CH₃NHONH₂) followed by migration of O(³P) atom from middle-N atom to middle-H atom leading to the product P6 (CH₃NNH₂+OH), which is one of the most favourable routes. The estimated major product CH₃NNH₂ is consistent with the experimental measurements. Reaction of O(¹D) + CH₃NHNH₂ presents different features as compared with O(³P) + CH₃NHNH₂. O(¹D) atom will first insert into C–H2, N1–H4, and N2–H5 bonds barrierlessly to form the three adducts, respectively. There are two most favourable paths for O(¹D) + CH₃NHNH₂. One is that the C–N bond cleavage accompanied by a concerted H shift from O atom to N atom (mid-N) leads to the product P_I (CH₂O + NH₂NH₂), and the other is that the N–N bond rupture along with a concerted H shift from O to N (end-N) forms P_IV (CH₃NH₂ + HNO). The similarities and discrepancies between two reactions are discussed.     

Heavy water detection using ultra-high-Q microcavities

Ultra-high-Q optical microcavities (Q>10(7)) provide one method for distinguishing chemically similar species. Resonators immersed in H(2)O have lower quality factors than those immersed in D(2)O due to the difference in optical absorption. This difference can be used to create a D(2)O detector. This effect is most noticeable at 1,300 nm, where the Q(H(2)O) is 106 and the Q(D(2)O) is 107. By monitoring Q, concentrations of 0.0001% [1 part in 106 per volume] of D(2)O in H(2)O have been detected. This sensitivity represents an order of magnitude improvement over previous techniques. Reversible detection was also demonstrated by cyclic introduction and flushing of D(2)O.     

Intensity Measurements and Collision-Broadening Coefficients for the Oxygen A Band Measured by Intracavity Laser Absorption Spectroscopy

High-sensitivity, high-resolution intracavity laser absorption spectroscopy (ICLAS) has been used to measure line intensities, nitrogen-broadening coefficients, and self-broadening coefficients in the A band (b(1)Sigma(+)(g) <-- X(3)Sigma(-)(g)) of oxygen. Both linear cavity and ring cavity ICLAS configurations were used for these measurements, and the results were intercompared. The results were compared to values measured using long-path multiple-reflection cells by K. D. Ritter and T. D. Wilkinson [J. Mol. Spectrosc. 121, 1-19 (1987)] and L. Brown and C. Plymate, [J. Mol. Spectrosc. 199, 166-179 (2000)]. New results are included for weakly absorbing transitions, not observed in the earlier measurements, such as high rotational states (up to J = 39), hot-band transitions (v' = 1 <-- v" = 1), and isotopically substituted species ((18)O(2) and (16)O(18)O). Isotopic variants ((16)O(2), (18)O(2), and (16)O(18)O) have similar broadening coefficients for corresponding rotational levels, but the self-broadening coefficients are larger in the hot band (v' = v" = 1) as compared with v' = v" = 0 transitions. An ECS-EP scaling analysis of the v' = v" = 0 self-broadening data accurately represents the available data, with the exception of the N = 0 and N = 1 levels. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.     

Far-infrared VRT spectroscopy of two water trimer isotopomers: vibrationally averaged structures and rearrangement dynamics

We report the measurement of far-infrared vibration-rotation tunnelling parallel bands of two partially deuterated water trimer isotopomers: (D2O)2DOH and (H2O)2DOH at 97.2607 cm-1 and approximately 86 cm-1, respectively. The hydrogen bond rearrangement dynamics of the two mixed trimers can be described by the simplified molecular symmetry G8, which accounts for both the flipping and bifurcation tunnelling motions previously established for (H2O)3 and (D2O)3. The observed donor tunnelling quartet, rather than triplet, splitting indicates that the two homogeneous monomers (D2O or H2O) in each mixed trimer experience slightly different environments. Vibrationally averaged structures of (H2O)3, (D2O)3, and (D2O)2DOH were examined in a Monte Carlo simulation of the out-of-plane flipping motions of the free atoms. The simulation addresses both the symmetric top behaviour and the negative zero-point inertial defect for (H2O)3 and (D2O)3, which were insufficiently counted in all previous structure models. The average ground state O--O separations, which are correlated to other angular coordinates, were determined to be 2.84 +/- 0.01 angstroms for all three species. The simulated difference in hydrogen bond nonlinearity also supports the inequivalency of the two homogeneous monomers. The structural simulation shows that the unique H in (D2O)2DOH is free, while a torsional analysis suggests the unique D in (H2O)2DOH is bound within the cyclic ring. Both bands can be assigned to the pseudorotational transitions which correlate to those found in the pure trimers.     

Nuclear spin resonance of (129)Xe doped with O(2)

Spin-lattice relaxation of (129)Xe nuclei in solid natural xenon has been investigated in detail over a large range of paramagnetic O(2) impurity concentrations. Direct measurements of the ground state magnetic properties of the O(2) are difficult because the ESR (electron spin resonance) lines of O(2) are rather unstructured, but NMR measurements in the liquid helium temperature region (1.4-4 K) are very sensitive to the effective magnetic moments associated with the spin 1 Zeeman levels of the O(2) molecules and to the O(2) magnetic relaxation. From these measurements, the value of the D[Sz(2)-(1/3)S(2)] spin-Hamiltonian term of the triplet spin ground state of O(2) can be determined. The temperature and magnetic field dependence of the measured paramagnetic O(2)-induced excess line width of the (129)Xe NMR signal agree well with the theoretical model with the spin-Hamiltonian D=0.19 meV (2.3 K), and with the reasonable assumption that the E[S(x)(2)-S(y)(2)] spin-Hamiltonian term is close to 0 meV. An anomalous temperature dependence between 1.4 K and 4.2K of the (129)Xe spin-lattice relaxation rate, T(1n)(-1)(T), is also accounted for by our model. Using an independent determination of the true O(2) concentration in the Xe-O(2) solid, the effective spin lattice relaxation time (which will be seen to be transition dependent) of the O(2) at 2.3 K and 0.96 T is determined to be approximately 1.4 x 10(-8)s. The experimental results, taken together with the relaxation model, suggest routes for bringing highly spin-polarized (129)Xe from the low temperature condensed phase to higher temperatures without excessive depolarization.     

Mn_2[V_(12)B_(16)O_(52)(OH)_6](en)_2(H_3O)_6(H_2O)_5(en=ethylenediamine)的结构及谱学研究

采用水热合成法合成了一种结构新颖的多硼钒氧簇化合物Mn2[V12B16O52(OH)6](en)2(H3O)6(H2O)5(en=ethylenediamine)1,通过单晶X射线衍射确定该化合物的结构。化合物1中,在ab平面上,簇单元之间通过[Mn(H2O)2]2+连接成二维层状结构,另外,层与层之间在c方向上通过氢键连接成三维空间结构。此外,对化合物1的谱学性质进行了红外光谱、磁和热微扰下的二维红外相关光谱、紫外-可见固体漫反射光谱分析,探讨了其结构与谱学性质的关系。磁微扰的二维红外相关光谱表明B—O,V—O—V和Mn—O—B的伸缩振动对于磁场的变化比较敏感,热微扰的二维红外相关光谱表明B—OH,B—O,V—O—V和Mn—O—B的伸缩振动对热微扰比较敏感。     

Y_2O_3∶Eu~(3+)纳米球的可控合成及尺寸效应所影响的发光性质

采用均匀沉淀法,通过改变稀土离子与尿素的量比成功合成了粒径分别为80,55,40 nm的Y_2O_3∶Eu~(3+)纳米球样品。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)和发光光谱对不同尺寸纳米球的晶体结构、微观形貌和发光性质做了分析,对Y_2O_3∶Eu~(3+)纳米球的生长过程进行了研究。根据Judd-Ofelt理论,利用Eu~(3+)的发射光谱和荧光衰减等数据,计算了5D0→7FJ能级的辐射跃迁速率和荧光分支比,计算得到Y_2O_3基质材料的折射率为1.80以及不同粒径样品的光学跃迁强度参数。最后分析了5D0能级荧光发射与温度之间的依赖关系,结果证明了荧光温度猝灭行为符合Crossover过程,并通过阿伦尼乌斯公式非线性拟合获得了激活能,粒径为80,55,40 nm的Y_2O_3∶Eu~(3+)纳米球样品的活化能分别为0.201,0.193,0.200 eV。     

A simple method for the preparation of containing Sb nano- and microcrystallines via an ultrasound agitation

Sb(2)O(3) nanobelts (NBs) and needle-like Sb(8)O(11)Cl(2)(H(2)O)(6) microcrystallines (MCs) were fabricated by a low-power ultrasound agitation with the assistance of surfactant in aqueous system at room temperature. The structure and morphology of as-synthesized sample were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) and high-resolution transmission electronmicroscopy (HRTEM). The results indicate that the perfect oriented-attachment of pre-prepared colloid nanoparticles of precursor is the possible growth mechanisms. The method introduced in the paper is simple, versatile, and promising to synthesis other one-dimensional (1D) materials.     

白花刺参中的咖啡酰基奎宁酸成分

著名藏药白花刺参Morina nepalensis var. albaHand. Mazz.的全株的水溶性部分通过硅胶、RP-8、Sephadex LH-20柱层析分离，得到4个咖啡酰基奎宁酸1～4 ,运用光谱和波谱方法, 分别鉴定为3-O-咖啡酰基奎宁酸（1）、3,5-O-双咖啡酰基奎宁酸（2）、3,4-O-双咖啡酰基-奎宁酸（3）和4,5-O-双咖啡酰基-奎宁酸（4）. 应用2D NMR图谱, 对其氢和碳的化学位移进行全归属, 并报道1, 2在氘代甲醇和氘代二-甲亚砜两种溶剂下测定¹H和¹³C化学位移. 4个化合物都是首次分离自刺参属植物.     

High-frequency and -field EPR and FDMRS study of the [Fe(H2O)6]2+ ion in ferrous fluorosilicate

The complex [Fe(H2O)6]SiF6 is one of the most stable and best characterized high-spin Fe(II) salts and as such, is a paradigm for the study of this important transition metal ion. We describe high-frequency and -field electron paramagnetic resonance studies of both pure [Fe(H2O)6]SiF6 and [Zn(H2O)6]SiF6 doped with 8% of Fe(II). In addition, frequency domain magnetic resonance spectroscopy was applied to these samples. High signal-to-noise, high resolution spectra were recorded which allowed an accurate determination of spin Hamiltonian parameters for Fe(II) in each of these two, related, environments. For pure [Fe(H2O)6]SiF6, the following parameters were obtained: D=+11.95(1) cm(-1), E=0.658(4) cm(-1), g=[2.099(4),2.151(5),1.997(3)], along with fourth-order zero-field splitting parameters: B4(0)=17(1)×10(-4) cm(-1) and B4(4)=18(4)×10(-4) cm(-1), which are rarely obtainable by any technique. For the doped complex, D=+13.42(1) cm(-1), E=0.05(1) cm(-1), g=[2.25(1),2.22(1),2.23(1)]. These parameters are in good agreement with those obtained using other techniques. Ligand-field theory was used to analyze the electronic absorption data for [Fe(H2O)6]SiF6 and suggests that the ground state is 5A1, which allows successful use of a spin Hamiltonian model. Density functional theory and unrestricted Hartree-Fock calculations were performed which, in the case of latter, reproduced the spin Hamiltonian parameters very well for the doped complex.     

宽压力范围内液体等温状态方程的研究

根据液体的压缩特性，运用数学方法导出了一个即适应高压，又适合低压范围的液体等温状态主程，对水，重水及汞在１－１２０００ａｔｍ压力范围内的体积进行了计算，其计算值与实值十分吻合，最大误差仅有０．０５８％。     

Ba_2B_2P_2O_(10):Eu~(3+)材料的光谱特性

采用高温固相法合成了Ba2B2P2O10:Eu3+材料,并研究了材料的光谱特性。在400nm近紫外光激发下,材料的发射光谱由4组线状峰组成,峰值分别为600,618,627和660nm,分别对应Eu3+的5D0→7F1,7F2,7F3和7F4跃迁。研究了Eu3+掺杂浓度及电荷补偿剂对材料发射强度的影响,结果显示,随Eu3+掺杂浓度的增大,材料的发射强度增大,并未出现浓度猝灭效应,同时,添加电荷补偿剂可增强材料的发射强度。     

用新近发展的1H NMR技术研究腐殖酸

将一些新近发展起来的¹H NMR技术用于溶在不同溶剂(D₂O,NaOH/D₂O及DMSO-d₆)中的腐殖酸样品的研究,这包括全相关谱方法(TOCSY),扩散谱方法和最大量子谱方法(MAXY).DMSO溶液的TOCSY谱中4与8之间的相关峰表明在腐殖酸中可能包含有不溶于水的多肽,扩散谱指出在碱性条件下,一些小分子脱离了腐殖酸聚合体,而MAXY谱编辑方法则使得一些细致的归属成为可能.