基底对离子束与层状二维电子气作用的影响

采用线性化量子流体动力学（Quantum Hydrodynamics QHD）模型和Poisson方程相结合,研究了离子束与存在基底的双层二维电子气平面相互作用时的静电激发现象。选择恰当边界条件,推导出相互作用过程中的感应电子气密度、感应电势及阻止本领的一般表达式。结果表明,随着基底介电常数的增加,两个平面内的感应电子气密度以及空间感应电势振荡的波长明显变长。同时,由于两个电子气平面间的耦合作用,阻止本领随速度变化曲线出现明显的双峰结构,随着介电常数的增大,双峰结构逐渐消失。     

基底对离子束与层状二维电子气作用的影响

采用线性化量子流体动力学（Quantum Hydrodynamics QHD）模型和Poisson方程相结合，研究了离子束与存在基底的双层二维电子气平面相互作用时的静电激发现象。选择恰当边界条件，推导出相互作用过程中的感应电子气密度、感应电势及阻止本领的一般表达式。结果表明，随着基底介电常数的增加，两个平面内的感应电子气密度以及空间感应电势振荡的波长明显变长。同时，由于两个电子气平面间的耦合作用，阻止本领随速度变化曲线出现明显的双峰结构，随着介电常数的增大，双峰结构逐渐消失。     

场极化方向对强激光加速电子效应的影响

模拟研究了光场极化方向对自由电子与线偏振强激光束间发生净能量交换(非弹性散射及加速效应)的影响.研究结果表明,当光场强度0.1a01时(a0＝eE0/mecω),电子在激光束上的散射呈现弱的非弹性效应,且与场的线偏振极化方向无关,表现为空间各向同性,与有质动力势模型的结果定性一致.而当a010时,电子与光场间的净能量交换不仅变得明显,而且依赖于电子入射方向与场极化面之间的夹角.当电子沿电场极化面入射时,净能量交换效应最显著,随着这一夹角的增大,这一效应逐渐减弱乃至消失.此时电子在强光束上的散射表现出明显的空间各向异性,有质动力势模型已完全不再适用.     

场极化方向对强激光加速电子效应的影响

模拟研究了光场极化方向对自由电子与线偏振强激光束间发生净能量交换(非弹性散射及加速效应)的影响.研究结果表明,当光场强度0.1≤a₀≤1时(a₀=eE₀/m_ecω),电子在激光束上的散射呈现弱的非弹性效应,且与场的线偏振极化方向无关,表现为空间各向同性,与有质动力势模型的结果定性一致.而当a₀≥10时,电子与光场间的净能量交换不仅变得明显,而且依赖于电子入射方向与场极化面之间的夹角.当电子沿电场极     

激光驻波场中电子运动与能量分析

采用相对论Lorentz方程,数值计算了高能电子在线极化激光驻波场中的运动过程。计算结果表明,电子能量存在一个临界值,能量超过临界值的入射电子在驻波场中振荡运动的稳定平衡位置由波节变成波腹。在波腹处平行于电场入射的高能电子在强电场作用下速度和能量快速振荡,其振幅包络近似为余弦函数。而在波节处垂直于磁场入射的电子仅在Lorentz力作用下快速振荡,在穿过驻波中心前获得能量,穿过中心后失去能量,电子出射后能量均保持不变。     

共轭高分子链中极化子间相互作用对电荷迁移率的影响

基于综合考虑了电子与声子以及电子与电子相互作用的理论模型,采用数值方法计算了在外电场作用下共轭高聚物分子中电荷的迁移率,讨论了大小极化子共存并相互作用对分子链内电荷迁移率的影响。研究发现,电荷迁移率明显受大小极化子的载荷性质的影响,当大小极化子具有相同电性时,在低电场范围内,分子内电荷迁移率由大极化子运动性质主导,而在高电场范围内,分子内电荷迁移率由小极化子主导;另一方面,当大小极化子具有相反电性时,电荷迁移率只由大极化子运动性质主导,与电场强度无关。此外,还讨论了电子与电子相互作用对电荷迁移率"的影响。     

不同晶格基底上薄膜生长的Monte Carlo模拟研究

利用Monte Carlo（MC）方法模拟研究了四方和六方晶格基底上薄膜生长的初始阶段岛的形貌和岛的尺寸与基底温度和入射粒子剩余能量之间的关系. 模型中考虑了粒子的沉积、吸附粒子的扩散和蒸发等过程. 结果表明,基底晶格结构对薄膜生长具有明显影响. 当基底温度为300K、入射粒子剩余能量为0时,四方晶格基底上薄膜的生长已经呈现明显的凝聚生长,随着基底温度或入射粒子剩余能量的增加,岛的数目变少、岛的平均尺寸变大. 对于六方晶格基底,当入射粒子剩余能量为0、温度从300K升高到350K时,岛的形貌从分散生长向分形生长转变;当基底温度为300K、入射粒子剩余射能量从0上升到0.05eV时,岛由分散生长向分形生长转变.     

椭圆波束对非均匀手征分层粒子的俘获特性研究

非均匀手征分层粒子的俘获特性研究在化学工程、生物医药、光镊、微纳米加工等领域都有着重要的应用.为了有效地俘获及操控手征分层球形粒子,本文对椭圆高斯波束照射下手征分层球形粒子的辐射俘获力展开研究.从广义米理论出发,将入射椭圆高斯波束用矢量球谐函数展开,根据波束散射理论及电磁场动量守恒定理,得出椭圆高斯波束对手征分层球形粒子辐射俘获力的级数表达式,并对椭圆高斯波束入射分层手征细胞时的轴向及横向俘获力进行了数值模拟,讨论了手征参数、极化状态、束腰宽度、损耗以及最外层厚度对俘获情况的影响.研究表明:手征参数的引入会降低非均匀手征粒子的轴向俘获特性,但是选择合适的极化态入射时,可以有效地实现对非均匀手征粒子的稳定俘获.对于内层损耗小的手征多层球形粒子,当内层折射率大于最外层时,最外层厚度大的非均匀手征粒子在光轴上更容易俘获;反之内层折射率小于最外层时,最外层厚度小的粒子在光轴上有更强的束缚;同时与传统圆高斯波束相比,椭圆高斯波束的强会聚性更容易实现对非均匀手征分层细胞的三维俘获,具有良好的应用前景.     

不同晶格基底上薄膜生长的Monte Carlo模拟研究

利用Monte Carlo(MC)方法模拟研究了四方和六方晶格基底上薄膜生长的初始阶段岛的形貌和岛的尺寸与基底温度和入射粒子剩余能量之间的关系.模型中考虑了粒子的沉积、吸附粒子的扩散和蒸发等过程.结果表明,基底晶格结构对薄膜生长具有明显影响.当基底温度为300K、入射粒子剩余能量为0时,四方晶格基底上薄膜的生长已经呈现明显的凝聚生长,随着基底温度或入射粒子剩余能量的增加,岛的数目变少、岛的平均尺寸变大.对于六方晶格基底,当入射粒子剩余能量为0、温度从300 K升高到350 K时,岛的形貌从分散生长向分形生长转变;当基底温度为300 K、入射粒子剩余射能量从0上升到0.05 eV时,岛由分散生长向分形生长转变.     

电磁波辐照下量子线的电子自旋极化输运性质

理论上研究Rashba自旋-轨道相互作(SOI)量子线在外电磁波辐照下的电子自旋极化输运性质.在自由电子模型下利用散射矩阵方法,发现当Rashba SOI较弱时,自旋极化率与外电磁场频率和电子入射能量无关,而当Rashba SOI较强时,自旋极化率则强烈依赖于外场频率和电子入射能量,其物理根源是Rashba SOI使子带混合引起的.此外,当电子的入射能量增加到打开另一通道阈值时,电子的透射率出现一个反常的台阶结构,这来源于电子与光子的非弹性散射而使电子在子带间的跃迁. 关键词： 量子线 电磁波 自旋极化输运 散射矩阵     

Interactions of charged particle beams with double-layered two-dimensional quantum electron gases

We investigate the interactions of external charged particles with a double-layered two-dimensional quantum electron gas (2DQEG), describing its collective or plasmon excitations by using the linearized quantum hydrodynamic (QHD) model. General expressions are derived for electron densities in the two layers, the induced potential, and the stopping and image forces on an external charged particle. Our calculations indicate that an oscillatory wake effect arises in the induced potential for a particle moving parallel the 2DQEG layers. In addition, double peaks are found in the stopping and image forces due to plasmon hybridization between the two 2DQEG layers. Finally, the induced number density in the double-layered 2DQEG is compared with the case of a single-layer 2DQEG supported by an insulating substrate.     

Wake potential and stopping power for a charged particle moving outside a nanosphere

The interaction of a charged particle with a nanosphere is studied based on the dielectric response theory. We obtain the analytical expressions of the induced potential and stopping power, as the charged particle moving outside the nanosphere with a constant velocity. From our results, since the spherical shape limitation, the well-known V-shaped wake effect tracing the particle cannot be observed clearly no matter at the nanosphere surface or in the bulk. Besides, we also find that the particle can even gain energy from the electron polarization as the particle moves to the nanosphere at relatively low velocity.     

Wake effects and stopping power for a charged particle moving above two-dimensional quantum electron gases

Electronic excitations induced by a charged particle moving above two-dimensional electron gases are studied by means of the linearized quantum hydrodynamic (QHD) theory. In this calculation, we show that the influence of the quantum effects on the interaction process should be taken into account. The induced potential and the perturbed density of the electron gases as well as the stopping power of the particles are derived as functions of the projectile velocity, the particle position and the density function when including the quantum statistical and quantum diffraction effects. The dependence relations of the induced potential and the particle speed around the peak position at which the stopping power takes the maximum value are also discussed in this work.     

Polarization direction characters of local electric field around dielectric coated gold nanowire

The local electric field components in the dielectric wall with a long gold nanowire in its core are calculated based on quasi-static theory. The calculated results show that the complete polarized incident light does not only stimulate same directional complete polarized local electric field. The same directional polarized electric field only locates close to the poles of the core wire and is parallel or perpendicular to the polarized direction of the incident radiation. On the other hand, incident light also stimulates perpendicular directional polarization, which densely locates close to the poles of the core wire in the direction with an included angle π/4 or 3π/4 makes with polarization direction of incident light. Furthermore, local electric field components in the wall also depend on the dielectric constant of dielectric wall and surrounding medium. When dielectric constant of the wall is less than that of surrounding, the areas of perpendicular directional polarized local field in the wall reduce and shift greatly. At the same time, more parallel directional polarized local field focus in the poles of the wall along the incident polarization. PACS 78.67.Bf; 73.20.Mf; 36.40.Gk; 78.66.Bz; 73.20.Mf     

Self-consistent calculation of electrostatic force for two kinds of mesoscopic surface structures

The scanning electrostatic force microscopy (SEFM) can acquire information of surface structures in a non-contact way. We calculate the electrostatic force between the charged tip and polarized surface structure in SEFM in the framework of self-consistent integral equation formalism (SCIEF), incorporating the image method to treat the electrostatic coupling of substrate and tip. We consider two kinds of surface structures, one is the topographic structure on the surface, the other is the dielectric structure embedded in the substrate. The force pattern of the topographic structure shows a protrusion around the surface structure. However, the force pattern displays a hollow around an embedded structure with a dielectric constant less than that of substrate medium. For an embedded structure with a larger dielectric constant, the force pattern exhibits a protrusion, and the force signal is much weaker than that of the topographic structure. Therefore, it is expected that one may identify these surface structures from the pure electrostatic force information in SEFM. The force signal of the densely arranged dielectric pads is simply the superposition of force signal of each pad individually, the interference effect of electric field is not remarkable. Received: 26 March 1998 / Accepted: 9 June 1998     

Interactions of a Charged Particle with Parallel Two-Dimensional Quantum Electron Gases

By using the linearized quantum hydrodynamic (QHD) theory, electronic excitations induced by a charged particle moving between or over two parallel two-dimensional quantum electron gases (2DQEG) are investigated. The calculation shows that the influence of the quantum effects on the interaction process should be taken into account. Including the quantum statistical and quantum diffraction effects, the general expressions of the induced potential and the stopping power are obtained. Our simulation results indicate that a V-shaped oscillatory wake potential exists in the electron gases during the test charge intrusion. Meanwhile, double peaks will occur in the stopping power when the distance of two surfaces is smaller and the test charge gets closer to any one of the two sheets.     

Transition radiation of a charge in media with a nonuniform potential

The influence of a potential barrier on the transition radiation in the form of volume and surface electromagnetic waves emitted by a charged particle crossing an interface between media is investigated. It is shown that the volume-wave radiation field arises not only as a result of the jump in the dielectric constant at the boundary but also as a result of the velocity jump and the reflection of an electron induced by the presence of a nonuniform potential barrier. The angular distribution of the transition radiation intensity is obtained. Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 68, 11–14 (January 1998)     

Rotations of eigenvibration direction in anisotropic crystals

The electric field of incident light induces dipoles in anisotropic media, vibrating in two perpendicular directions of the principal axes. Because of the tensor property of the dielectric constant, an induced dipole is subject to a torque, tending to rotate it about the axis parallel to the propagation direction. The directions of eigenvibration of the ordinary (o-ray) and extraordinary (e-ray) waves are no longer perpendicular in this sense. We propose here the relationships to describe the rotation of the induced dipole in the perpendicular electric fields. The rotation angles are found to increase with increasing dielectric constants and electric field strength of the incident light, exhibiting large values near the resonance frequencies in the infrared range at the azimuth angle /4 of the polarized incident light. Piezoelectric and ferroelectric crystals have a large value of the dielectric constant in the infrared frequency range. Rotations of the vibration direction of the o-ray and the e-ray waves are shown in the infrared transmission spectra recorded by incidence of the polarized light and transmission through piezoelectric and ferroelectric crystals (-quartz, LiNbO₃, and LiTaO₃). Interference of the o-ray and the e-ray waves transmitted through the crystals confirms the rotations of the vibration directions, a self-modulation effect of light in piezoelectric and ferroelectric crystals induced by the electric field of the propagating light.