土壤和沉积物样品ICP-AES多元素同时分析基体元素的干扰及其修正

感耦等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)在土壤、地质和环境样品的分析中已有广泛应用。由于直读ICP光谱仪有很好的测量精度,因此常量元素分析的精度和准确度在很大程度上取决于样品的化学前处理,我们用HCIO_4-HNO_3-HF混酸分解沉积物样品,几种常量元素测定的变异系数小于2％,本工作用这种方法分解取自西藏的土壤标准参考样品,七种常量元素的测定结果均很好地满足标样元素定值要求。影响微量元素准确测定的因素较多,基体元素的干扰是主要因素之一。本工作在原有工作的基础上,进一步研究了样品中主要基体元素对微量元素测定的光谱干扰,讨论了利用元素间干扰系数法进行光谱干扰修正所遇到的一些问题。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定高纯氧化铒中稀土杂质

从同位素的选择、基体效应,内标元素的选择及仪器工作条件等方面对实验参数进行了优化,重点研究了等离子体功率及仪器分辨率的改变对铒基体所形成的氢化物多原子离子干扰的影响。通过提高等离子体功率、改变仪器分辨率及数学方程校正等方法,减少和剔除了ErH对Ho和Tm测定的干扰。实验中选取Cs为内标元素,测定了不同含量的高纯氧化铒样品。分析结果与标准加入法结果进行了比较,之间无显著性差异。     

ICP-MS测定高纯氧化铒中稀土杂质的研究

从同位素的选择、基体效应,内标元素的选择及仪器工作等方面对实验参数进行了优化,重点研究了等离子体功率及仪器分辩率的改变对铒基体所形成的氢化物多原子离子干扰的影响。通过提高等离子体功率、改变仪器分辨率及数学方程校正等方法,减小和剔除了ErH对Ho和Tm测定的干扰。实验中选取Cs为内标元素,测定了不同含量的高纯氧化铒样品。分析结果与标准加入法结果进行了比较,之间无显著性差异。     

进口微波样品处理仪器的性能及选用

国际上先进的分析实验室都极为重视样品前处理工作 ,采样和样品前处理投入约占全部分析和数据处理投入的 67%。样品前处理设备应该是独立的工作系统 ,而非分析仪器的一个附件。因为分析仪器如 ICP光谱仪的性能好坏 ,主要影响到分析结果。而样品前处理的情况则不仅会影响分析结果 ,还会影响到工作效率和操作的安全性。因此选用时应该非常慎重。鉴于目前市场上微波样品处理仪器品种繁多 ,鱼龙混杂 ,为便于一般用户选购相应仪器时做到心中有数 ,本文仅对进口的微波样品处理仪器作一些必要的研讨。1　评估微波样品处理仪器的主要原则微波样品…     

水中矿物元素的ICP-MS分析

用ICP－MS对地下水、地表水和饮用水中的矿物元素进行了分析测定，实验证明用ICP－MS可以同时测定地下水，地表水和饮用水中矿物元素；该法灵敏度、精密度和准确度都能满足有关标准的要求，具有多元素同时分析，样品前处理简单，干扰少，测定快速，省事省力等优点。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定N36锆合金中微量钼和铅

建立了电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ICP-AES）法测定N36锆合金中微量钼和铅的分析方法.讨论了样品溶解、基体效应干扰、谱线选择和观测方式等对测定结果的影响.采用均匀试验设计确定最适合的仪器测定参数,包括等离子气流量、辅助气流量、雾化气流量和等离子体发生器功率.结果表明,锆基体对测定结果有较大影响,在试验中采用基体匹配消除干扰,在试验设计优化的仪器测定参数下,使用N36锆合金样品对方法的精密度与准确度进行验证,相对标准偏差（RSD,n=11）低于5%,加标回收率为93%~104%.所建立的方法快捷、简便、准确,满足核用N36锆合金中微量钼和铅元素的分析要求.     

流动注射-分光光度法测定铝合金中的磷

1　引　　言流动注射分析 (ＦＩＡ)用于实际样品中磷的测定已有许多文献报道 ,而有关合金中磷的测定很少见。杂多酸吸收光度法测定磷影响因素很多 ,用于合金分析比较困难。为此我们以栓塞铝合金为对象 ,对测定条件及干扰情况进行了详细研究。本方法可以有效地消除金属离子干扰 ,进样频率 6 0次 ｈ,检测限为 0 .0 5ｍｇ Ｌ ,实际样品的测定结果令人满意 ,适合于大批量铝合金样品的测定。2　实验部分2 1　仪器与试剂　ＴＲＢ型蠕动泵 (东北电力学院仪器仪表厂 ) ,配以适当规格的ｔｙｇｏｎ泵管 ;72 1分光光度计 (四川分析仪器仪表厂 ) ,配以…     

微波消解ICP-MS法测定锂离子电池石墨负极材料中9种痕量元素

建立微波消解–ICP–MS法测定锂离子电池石墨负极材料中Al,Cr,Cu,Fe,K,Na,Ni,Pb,Zn 9种痕量元素含量的方法。采用硝酸–盐酸体系微波消解样品,稀释后用ICP–MS法测定样品消解溶液中9种痕量元素的含量。在优化仪器工作参数后,采用同位素和He模式克服质谱干扰。9种元素的质量浓度与质谱强度具有良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.999 1~0.999 8,检出限为0.132~3.700 mg/kg。加标回收率为98.4%~101.0%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.3%~3.6%(n=6)。该方法测定结果准确可靠,可用于锂离子电池石墨负极材料中痕量元素的测定。     

高纯氧化镝电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法摄谱分析时光谱干扰校正方法的研究

本文建立了高纯氧化镝样品ICP摄谱分析时干扰系数法校正光谱干扰的方法。测定了镝基体对14种稀土杂质元素20条灵敏分析线的干扰系数(KCT)。并有效地校正了镝基体造成的光谱干扰,获得满意的结果。     

TNA负载聚氨酯泡塑富集ICP-MS测定地球化学样品中痕量金、铂、钯

研究提出了负载聚氨酯泡沫塑料富集ICP—MS测定地球化学样品中的金、铂、钯的方法,研究了样品经灼烧、王水溶样后,负载泡沫塑料吸附条件、干扰的消除、仪器的最佳化、内标元素的选择等。在本工作的实验条件下获得的方法检出限分别为Au：0．12ng／g,Pt：0．10ng／g,Pd：0．08ng／g。本法测定了国家一级地球化学标准物质中的痕量Au,Pt,Pd,测定值与标准值相吻合。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.