气相色谱-串联质谱法测定豆芽与番茄中6种植物生长调节剂

建立了气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)同时测定豆芽和番茄中4-氯苯氧乙酸、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸、萘乙酸、吲哚乙酸、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸丁酯、吲哚丁酸6种植物生长调节剂残留量的分析方法。试样经酸性乙腈提取,盐析、离心、浓缩、复溶,经三氟化硼甲醇溶液甲酯化,再加入2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸丁酯的溶解液,经过液液萃取后,通过气相色谱-串联质谱仪进行检测,外标法定量。方法的定量下限(S/N10)均为15μg/kg;在豆芽、番茄中分别添加15,30,60μg/kg 3个浓度水平的植物生长调节剂,其回收率为70.0%~127%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为4.1%~11.4%。该方法的定量下限满足目前国内外有关法规对豆芽和番茄中植物生长调节剂的最大残留限量要求,可为进出口豆芽和番茄中植物生长调节剂残留的监管提供技术支持。     

超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四级杆质谱法快速测定烟草中8种植物生长调节剂残留

建立了超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱(UPLC-ESI-MS/MS)快速测定烟草中比久、多效唑、烯效唑、矮壮素、萘乙酸、2,4-D、赤霉素、脱落酸8种植物生长调节剂残留的检测方法。样品采用乙腈提取,经过C18分散吸附剂净化处理,采用ACQUITY UPLC?HSS T3柱(100×2.1mm,1.8μm),以甲醇-5mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,电喷雾正负离子模式下分析检测,外标法定量。8种目标化合物在0.005~0.1mg/L范围内线性良好(R0.99),8种植物生长调节剂的检出限为1~4μg/kg,添加回收率为85.4%~103.1%,相对标准偏差为2.4%~6.2%。该方法简便快捷,灵敏准确,适合烟草中上述8种植物生长调节剂残留量的快速测定。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定豆芽中8种药物残留

建立了豆芽中8种药物(4-氯苯氧乙酸、吲哚乙酸、吲哚丁酸、1-萘乙酸、6-苄基腺嘌呤、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸、赤霉素和多菌灵)残留的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)检测方法。豆芽样品经0.1%冰醋酸-乙腈溶液提取、浓缩,分散固相萃取剂净化后,用液相色谱-串联质谱测定,外标法定量。8种药物在5~100μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系(r20.99),定量下限为5μg/kg。在5,10,20μg/kg 3个加标水平下,8种药物的回收率为71.6%~87.9%,相对标准偏差不大于14.6%。方法准确、简单、快速,可用于豆芽中8种药物的同时测定。     

豆芽中甲硝唑、多菌灵、赤霉素、6-苄基腺嘌呤、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸的定量检测

本文建立了快速筛查豆芽中常见添加物甲硝唑、多菌灵、赤霉素、6-苄基腺嘌呤和2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸的液相色谱定量方法。回收率为79%～96.6%,定量限在20～200μg/kg。对市场随机抽查64份豆芽样品检测发现,高达32份样品中含有1种以上添加物,主要是多菌灵、6-苄基腺嘌呤和2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸。     

豆芽中甲硝唑，多菌灵，赤霉素，6-苄基腺嘌呤，2，4-二氯苯氧乙酸的定量检测

本文建立了快速筛查豆芽中常见添加物甲硝唑、多菌灵、赤霉素、6-苄基腺嘌呤和2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸的液相色谱定量方法。回收率为79%～96.6%,定量限在20～200μg/kg。对市场随机抽查64份豆芽样品检测发现,高达32份样品中含有1种以上添加物,主要是多菌灵、6-苄基腺嘌呤和2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸。     

分级净化结合气相色谱-质谱联用法测定豆芽中10种植物生长调节剂

建立了豆芽10种植物生长调节剂的分级净化体系,采用气相色谱质谱法(GC/MS)对该体系的效果进行了评价。豆芽先用酸性乙腈提取,浓缩后用甲醇复溶,部分经QuECHERS试剂盒净化后用GC/MS分析2,4-D-乙酯2,4-D-丁酯。另一部分经MCS固相萃取柱净化,先用5 mL甲醇洗脱得组分1,再用5%氨化甲醇洗脱得组分2;组分1浓缩后用10%三氟化硼甲醇溶液甲酯化,提取后GC/MS测定4-氯苯氧乙酸、α-萘乙酸、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸、吲哚乙酸、吲哚丁酸,组分2浓缩后用GC/MS测定多效唑、激动素、6-苄基腺嘌呤。采用此净化体系对可以对不同性质的植物生长调节剂进行有效净化。结果表明,本方法完全可以用于豆芽中10种植物生长调节剂残留的检测,在豆芽中的添加0.01~0.1 mg/kg,10种植物生长调节剂平均回收率范围为70.5%~93.2%,RSD为5.2%~12.3%,本方法对10种植物生长调节剂的定量限(S/N≥10)为0.01~0.025 mg/kg,检出限(S/N≥3)为0.003~0.008 mg/kg。此净化体系简便、快速、准确,结合GC/MS可以满足豆芽中植物生长调节剂多残留检测要求。     

QuEChERS-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定水果中21种植物生长调节剂的残留量

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（HPLC-MS/MS）同时测定水果中21种植物生长调节剂残留量的方法。样品经QuEChERS法进行预处理,选用含1%（v/v）乙酸的乙腈溶液提取,无水硫酸镁和十八烷基硅烷（C18）粉末净化,以C18色谱柱分离待测物,采用鞘流电喷雾离子化,正负离子分段扫描和多反应监测模式（MRM）检测,基质匹配标准溶液外标法定量。矮壮素、助壮素、氯化胆碱、环丙酸酰胺、氯吡脲、噻苯隆、抗倒胺、多效唑、烯效唑和抑芽唑在0.10~500 μg/L,丁酰肼和6-苄氨基嘌呤在1.0~500 μg/L,2,3,5-三碘苯甲酸、2,4-D、调果酸、对氯苯氧乙酸（4-CPA）和抗倒酯在2.0~1000 μg/L,赤霉素（GA3）、脱落酸（ABA）、1-萘乙酸（NAA）和吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA）在10~1000 μg/L的范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.990。21种植物生长调节剂的方法检出限为0.020~6.0 μg/kg,方法定量限为0.10~15.0 μg/kg,样品添加回收试验的平均回收率为73.0%~111.0%,相对标准偏差为3.0%~17.2%（n=6）。该方法快速简便,定量准确,可满足多种水果中21种植物生长调节剂的残留检测要求。     

离心超滤/离子色谱-三重四极杆质谱法同时测定蔬菜中乙烯利和2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸

建立了离心超滤净化,离子色谱-串联三重四极杆质谱（IC-MS）同时测定蔬菜中乙烯利和2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸（2,4-D）的分析方法。茄子、番茄、玉米和辣椒4种蔬菜经均质机打浆,依次经离心超滤和0.22μm的无机针筒过滤器净化后,进入IonPac AS19离子色谱柱分离,采用60.0 mmol/L的KOH溶液等度淋洗,流出液经阴离子抑制器抑制后进入质谱,负离子模式下采用多离子监测方式检测,外标法定量。结果表明,当乙烯利和2,4-D的质量浓度在0.5～200.0μg/L范围内时线性关系良好（r≥0.999 5）,乙烯利和2,4-D的检出限分别为0.2μg/L和0.05μg/L,定量下限分别为0.7μg/L和0.17μg/L。乙烯利和2,4-D在4种蔬菜中的平均回收率分别为88.3%～96.8%、92.5%～102%,日内相对标准偏差（intra-RSD,n=6）分别为2.6%～5.9%、1.2%～4.4%,日间相对标准偏差（inter-RSD,n=6）分别为2.2%～5.4%、1.1%～3.4%。利用该方法测定4份市售蔬菜,均检出两种待测物,其中乙烯利的含量为17.5～412.6μg/kg,...     

QuEChERS-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定豆芽中40种植物生长调节剂、杀菌剂、杀虫剂和抗生素类药物残留北大核心CSCD

研究从豆芽质量安全监管的实际需求出发,建立了QuEChERS-高效液相色谱-串联质谱同时测定豆芽中植物生长调节剂、杀菌剂、杀虫剂和抗生素类等40种药物残留的方法。首先通过参数优化确定最佳质谱条件,然后比较不同提取溶剂(甲醇、乙腈、0.1%氨水乙腈、1%乙酸乙腈)、提取方法(超声、振荡)以及乙二胺-N-丙基硅烷化硅胶(PSA)、C_(18)净化剂添加量时40种药物的回收率,确定最优前处理过程。样品用10 mL 1%乙酸乙腈提取两次,超声波辅助提取,100 mg C_(18)为净化剂。选用Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C_(18)色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm)进行分离,甲醇和0.01%甲酸水为流动相梯度洗脱,多反应监测(MRM)模式进行质谱监测,基质匹配外标法定量。结果表明,40种药物可在15 min内完成色谱分离,在2~200μg/L的线性范围内均呈现出良好的线性关系,相关系数(r^(2))均大于0.99,检出限(LOD)和定量限(LOQ)分别为0.1~3μg/kg和0.3~9μg/kg。以阴性豆芽为基质,分别在5、10、50μg/kg 3个水平下进行加标回收试验,40种药物的平均回收率为78.5%~115.3%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.3%~9.7%(n=6)。将该方法用于分析邯郸本地豆芽中40种药物的污染状况,结果显示4-氯苯氧乙酸、6-苄基腺嘌呤、多菌灵、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)、赤霉素和恩诺沙星检出率较高,分别为28.6%、19.0%、9.5%、9.5%、4.8%和4.8%,含量范围为37.5~352.4、32.4~273.1、28.8~38.7、16.1~20.2、19.9和13.6μg/kg。研究建立的方法简单、快速,灵敏度高,适用于大批量豆芽中40种药物的快速准确测定。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定5种鲜水果保鲜剂的残留量

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D),乙萘酚和4-苯基苯酚5种鲜水果保鲜剂残留量的分析方法。样品经乙醚提取,固相萃取活性炭柱净化后,C18色谱柱分离,以乙腈和50%甲醇水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾负离子(ESI-)模式电离,液相色谱-质谱法(LC-MS/MS)测定。结果表明:5种保鲜剂在0.05~1.2 mg/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数(r2)均大于0.999,5种保鲜剂的检出限为0.5~20μg/kg。方法的加标回收率为81.0%~104.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.3%~6.8%。该方法简便快捷、灵敏度及准确性高,可满足鲜水果防腐保鲜剂残留量检测的要求。     

Simultaneous determination of multiclass plant growth regulators in fruits using the quick,easy, cheap,effective, rugged,and safe method and ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry

In this study, a modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method combined with ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry was developed for the multiclass determination of 28 plant growth regulators in various fruits. Different extraction solvents and adsorbents, including primary secondary amine, octadecylsilyl, graphitized carbon black, and zirconia‐based sorbent, were investigated. Internal calibration and isotope internal standards, chlormequat chloride‐d₄, mepiquat chloride‐d₆, indole‐3‐acetic acid‐d₂, and forchlorfenuron‐d₅ were used to improve accuracy. For method validation, good linearity, low limits of detection and quantification were obtained. At three spiked concentrations (10, 50, and 100 µg/kg), satisfactory recoveries with relative standard deviations of 2.4–17.5% were obtained for strawberries (75.2–119.8%), grapes (70.5–114.0%), tangerines (71.7–115.4%), apples (72.7–115.4%), and kiwi fruits (71.7–119.2%). Samples analysis revealed that 15.6% of the samples (n = 96) were contaminated with one or two kinds of plant growth regulators, including chlormequat chloride, forchlorfenuron, paclobutrazol, 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2‐diethylaminoethyl hexanoate, and mepiquat chloride. Similar results were obtained by ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry, indicating the robustness, effectiveness, and suitability of the developed method for routine monitoring of plant growth regulator residues in fruits.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定果蔬中7种植物生长促进剂残留

建立了果蔬样品中对氯苯氧乙酸、赤霉酸(GA3)、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸、α-萘乙酸、吲哚丁酸、6-苄氨基嘌呤、氯吡脲残留的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)分析方法。样品用甲醇匀质提取2次,经Waters C18固相萃取小柱净化后,在高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪(HPLC-MS/MS)选择反应监测(SRM)模式下测定。采用质谱定性,外标法定量。色谱柱为Hypersil GOLD aQ(150 mm×2.1 mm,3μm)柱,以甲醇和水为流动相,梯度洗脱。果蔬样品在低、中、高3个加标水平下的平均回收率为79%～97%,相对标准偏差均不高于7.6%。7种植物生长促进剂在果蔬样品中的方法检出限为0.40～20.0μg/kg。该方法灵敏度高、操作简单,可作为大批量果蔬中植物生长促进剂残留的检测方法。     

Multiresidue analysis of plant growth regulators in grapes by triple quadrupole and quadrupole-time of flight-based liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry

A selective and sensitive LC-MS/MS method is presented for simultaneous determination of 12 plant growth regulators, viz., indol-3-acetic acid, indol-3-butyric acid, kinetin, zeatin, 6-benzyl aminopurine, gibberellic acid, abscisic acid, chlormequat chloride, forchlorfenuron, paclobutrazole, daminozide, and 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid, in bud sprouts and grape berries. The sample preparation method involved extraction of homogenized sample (5 g) with 40 mL methanol (80%), and final determination was by LC-MS/MS in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with time segmentation for quantification supported by complementary analysis by quadrupole-time of flight (Q-TOF) MS with targeted high-resolution MS/MS scanning for confirmatory identification based on accurate mass measurements. The recovery of the test compounds ranged within 90-107% with precision RSD less than 5% (n = 6). The method could be successfully applied in analyzing incurred residue samples, and the strength of accurate mass analysis could be utilized in identifying the compounds in cases where the qualifier MRM ions were absent or at an S/N less than 3:1 due to low concentrations.     

超高效液相色谱–串联质谱法测定生活饮用水中10种农药残留

采用超高效液相色谱–串联质谱法测定生活饮用水中10种农药残留。水样直接进样,选用Waters ACQUITY UPLC~BEH C_(18)柱分离,以乙腈–0.1%甲酸溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,质谱选用多反应监测模式分析,10种农药的质量浓度在0.5~50μg/L范围内与色谱峰面积呈线性相关,检出限(3S/N)在0.03~0.50μg/L之间,测定值的相对标准偏差在1.14%~9.91%之间,加标回收率在91.6%~107.1%之间。该法简便准确,适用于生活饮用水中农药残留的检测。     

超高效液相色谱–串联质谱法检测果蔬中的吡氟甲禾灵残留

建立了超高效液相色谱–串联质谱(UPLC–MS/MS)法测定果蔬中吡氟甲禾灵残留的方法。样品以乙腈匀浆提取,并采用Sep-Pak Vac型氨基固相萃取柱净化样品,采用超高效液相色谱柱WATERS ACQUITY C_(18)柱(50mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm)分离,以乙腈–0.1%甲酸水溶液作为淋洗液进行梯度洗脱。吡氟甲禾灵在1.0~50.0 ng/m L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r~2=0.997 7,加标回收率为84.1%~88.6%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.18%~3.58%(n=6)。该方法操作简便,分析快速,提取效率高,重现性好,有实用价值。     

HPLC-MS/MS法同时测定果蔬中6种植物生长抑制剂残留

利用高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱(HPLC-ESI MS/MS)技术,建立了果蔬中氯化胆碱、矮壮素、缩节胺、嘧啶醇、多效唑、烯效唑6种植物生长抑制剂残留的检测方法.考察了流动相组分和流动相添加剂对质谱离子化效率的影响以及提取溶剂、提取剂用量和固相萃取柱对萃取效率的影响.在优化条件下,6种目标化合物在1.0 ～200.0...     

Multi-residue determination of plant growth regulators in apples and tomatoes by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

A sensitive and rapid multi-residue analytical method for plant growth regulators (PGRs) (i.e., chlormequat, mepiquat, paclobutrazol, uniconazole, ethephon and flumetralin) in apples and tomatoes was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS). A homogenised sample was extracted with a mixture of methanol/water (90:10, v/v) and adjusted to pH <3 with formic acid. Primary secondary amine (PSA) adsorbent was used to clean up the sample. The determination was performed using electrospray ionisation (ESI) and a triple quadrupole (QqQ) analyser. Under the optimised method, the results showed that, except for ethephon, the recoveries were 81.8-98.1% in apples and tomatoes at the spiked concentrations of 0.005 to 2 mg/kg, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of less than 11.7%. The limits of quantification (LOQs) were lower than their maximum residue limits (MRLs). The procedure was concluded as a practical method to determine the PGR residues in fruit and vegetables and is also suitable for the simultaneous analysis of the amounts of samples for routine monitoring. The analytical method described herein demonstrates a strong potential for its application in the field of PGR multi-residue analysis to help assure food safety.     

Determination of chlormequat in pig serum and sow milk by LC–MS/MS

Chlormequat is a plant growth regulator widely used on cereals, and there is general concern that it may impair human fertility. A LC–MS/MS method for the analysis of chlormequat in milk and serum was developed and validated in connection with an investigation on the effect of chlormequat on pig reproduction. Validation of the method was based on recovery tests at three spiking levels, determined as double determinations and repeated at least four times. Samples were extracted with methanol–water–acetic acid, centrifuged, filtrated and determined by LC–MS/MS. The mean recoveries were in the range 80–110%, and the LOD was 0.2 ng/g for serum and 0.3 ng/g for milk. The values for repeatability and reproducibility were within 2/3 of the limits given by the Horwitz equation. Samples of pig serum (59) and sow milk (27) were analyzed using the method. Chlormequat was determined in four milk samples in the range of 0.4 ng/g to 1.2 ng/g and in all serum samples in the range of 0.2 ng/g−4.0 ng/g.