仪器分析课程教学与实验改革

结合应用化学专业学生的学习特点,对仪器分析课程教学与实验过程进行了改革尝试。     

常态化疫情防控下的仪器分析实验教学实践的探讨

结合仪器分析实验的特点和教学中存在的问题,阐述了虚拟仿真技术应用于仪器分析实验教学对线下实验的补充作用,并介绍了虚拟仿真实验教学在应对"停课不停学"等特殊状况的出色表现,通过问卷和互动反馈,准确评估学生的学习状况,指出虚拟仿真实验的局限性,提出线上虚拟仿真与线下课堂实验相结合的教学模式,促进仪器分析实验教学质量的提升。     

基于思维发展的化学实验仪器教学——以滴定管的教学为例

以滴定管的教学为例,分析在实验仪器教学过程中,如何提高学生的学习效果,促进学生的思维能力发展。在实验仪器教学过程中,应该引入合适的教学情境,让学生结合自己的直接经验和科学发展过程,正确认识和使用实验仪器,实现思维能力的发展。     

对比教学法在沉降分析实验中的应用

在沉降分析实验教学中采用了传统沉降分析法与仪器分析中的激光粒度分析法相对比的教学方法。以沉降分析为主,激光粒度分析为辅,两种实验方法相互结合,相互验证。从而不仅保证了学生实验基本技能的训练与掌握,而且保证了实验结果准确、可靠,同时提高了学生发现问题、解决问题的能力。     

高分子物理设计性开放实验教改初探

以常用高分子材料热分析设计性开放实验为例,介绍了对高分子专业学生合理开放使用实验室大型仪器的教学改革情况。通过向本科生开放多种大型热分析仪器,一方面整合拓展了实验内容,极大地调动了学生的积极性,把不同仪器测试的实验数据有机结合系统分析,激发学生对实验过程的全面思考,促进知识点融会贯通,实现了对本科生科研能力的培养;另一方面锻炼了学生的自主探索能力,加强了学生熟练操作仪器和分析解决实际问题的技能,实现对学生综合实践能力和工程思维能力的培养。     

开放式的仪器分析实验:小分子和蛋白质相互作用研究*

介绍了一个内容开放式的仪器分析实验,涉及生命科学和分析化学领域的研究热点:小分子和蛋白质的相互作用研究。该实验需用到的仪器为荧光分光光度计,拓展实验部分需用到的仪器为紫外-可见分光光度计和傅里叶红外光谱仪。学生可以结合自己的需求和兴趣,自选蛋白质和小分子体系,不仅可以将科研热点融入基础实验教学,还可以最大化地发挥学生的主观能动性,培养学生独立分析问题、解决问题的能力。     

比较教学法在仪器分析实验教学中的应用

仪器分析实验是化学及相关专业的重要实验课程。结合课程特点和培养目标,提出了将比较教学法融入课堂的教学方法,指出了意义和作用,介绍了教学中开展比较教学的实践与应用。该方法加强了学生对仪器功能特点的掌握,激发其实验兴趣和创新精神,学生的认知能力在比较过程中不断建构、丰富、提高和发展,取得了较好的效果。     

化学专业仪器分析实验的设计与思考

通过改编传统实验,以及设计递进式、平行式、多元式、综合性实验,全方位锻炼学生的实验能力。设计仪器分析实验应重视对化学分析基本功的巩固、兼顾定性与定量分析、注重基础性与实用性的结合。此外,还应考虑培养学生数据处理的能力,教会学生分析方法学,促进学生科研思维的发展。     

仪器分析发展史在大学教学中的应用探讨

在大学仪器分析教学过程中 ,通过讲授仪器分析发展史 ,培养学生的创新能力 ,激发学生学习该课程的热情 ,使学生能更好地掌握基础原理与实验技能。介绍了仪器分析发展史在本科教学中的几种讲授方式     

抗体与多酶负载纳米金的合成表征及纸上化学发光性能研究——介绍一个仪器分析综合实验

对抗体及多酶负载纳米金的合成、表征及纸上化学发光性能进行了研究,实验结合了目前的研究成果,内容涵盖了材料化学、仪器分析、无机合成、胶体化学等方面,涉及材料和生物分析等领域。本实验还可进行后续癌症标志物免疫分析的拓展实验研究,可作为8学时的仪器分析综合实验,给大学三年级的学生开设。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.