维吾尔族化学师范生课堂教学技能现状调查与对策研究

师范生教学技能的培养是教师专业成长中极其重要的一部分。用师范生教学评价量表对维吾尔族化学师范生课堂教学进行观察,并通过SPSS软件进行统计、分析,得出化学师范生教学技能主要存在的问题,并分析其缘由,进而提出相应的对策。     

高师“化学教学论”课堂教学改革与实践

"化学教学论"是高师院校化学教育专业中最能体现师范性,与基础教育化学教育教学联系最为紧密的一门专业必修课程,但没有得到师范生应有的重视。为此,内蒙古师范大学的"化学教学论"课程从教学内容、教学模式及教学评价3个方面进行了课堂教学改革,并取得了一定的成效,既促进了学生的学习积极性和课堂参与度,又训练并提高了学生的课堂教学技能。     

微课程在高师“化学仪器制图”课堂教学中的应用

"化学仪器制图"课程作为一门培养师范生化学仪器制图技能的专业限选课,具有很强的实践性,但该课程不仅课时少且班级容量大,所以提高课程实施的有效性就成为一个现实的问题。将微课程应用于"化学仪器制图"的课堂教学过程中,既能顺利解决客观存在的教学矛盾,又能最大限度地提升全体学生的绘图能力和水平,从而增强课堂教学效果。     

高师“中学化学实验教学技能训练”课程教学现状调查与分析*

实验教学能力是化学教师专业发展的重要标志。“中学化学实验教学技能训练”课程是化学师范生必修的综合性实验教学训练课程,对化学师范生实验教学技能的培养有着至关重要的作用。研究从“中学化学实验教学技能训练”课程的总体评价、学习态度、教学方式和评价方式以及学习困难等方面对化学师范生进行了调查分析。针对发现的问题,提出统筹课程设置、明确课程价值、建立学习共同体、加强实验思维训练等教学建议。     

化学师范生课堂教学技能满意度调查

教育实习是师范专业本科生必经之路,而课堂教学技能是师范生教育实习的重要支撑条件。调查结果表明,化学师范生(大三师范生)的课堂教学技能缺陷主要有:(1)教学活动方式和媒体使用单一;(2)导入语言缺少艺术性和感染力;(3)课堂结束不能做到自然贴切,水到渠成;(4)板书缺少艺术性,清晰度和美感有待提高;(5)教学演示缺少艺术性、趣味性。针对不足之处提出相应建议,在实习准备阶段加强训练,以促进师范生课堂教学技能的有效提高。     

高师“化学教学论”范例课程建设的研究与实践

“化学教学论”作为高师化学专业的一门基础课,其任务是为师范生打好化学教育的理论基础和实践基础。具体来说,师范生通过该课程的学习必须掌握化学教育的条件性知识,形成化学教育的基本观念,初步掌握化学教育技术,形成初步的化学课堂教学能力,以及为终生自我教育打下良好的基础。     

培养化学教学技能"三阶段教学模式"的探索与实践

化学教学技能是化学教师素质的重要组成部分 ,是提高化学教学质量的基本要素 ,也是实现师范生从学生向教师转化的重点训练内容。多年来 ,我们运用教育心理学理论 ,进行课程教学改革 ,加强化学专业师范生化学教学技能的培养 ,形成“三阶段教学模式”。1　化学教学技能的构成和特点化学教学技能是指化学教师完成化学教学任务的一系列行为方式 ,它贯串于化学教学工作的各个环节。根据涉及的内容和方式的不同 ,我们认为化学教学的基本技能应包括教材的处理技能 ,教学过程的设计技能 ,教学媒体的运用技能和教学结果的测评技能 ,具体如下 :化学教…     

化学教学论课程实施中化学师范生教育教学能力的形成机理*

基于《中学教育专业师范生教师职业能力标准》提炼了师范生教育教学能力体系,体系涵盖了师德践行能力、实践教学能力、综合育人能力和专业发展能力等4项能力及对应的10方面能力要素。以化学教学论课程为例,分析了其章节内容与4项能力的对应关系,探讨了课程实施中化学师范生教育教学能力形成的机理和途径。化学师范生4项能力的形成机理各有特点,需要师范生和教师积极互动。     

全程渗透全程培养全面发展师范生的化学教育教学能力及素质

本文从目前高师化学系学生教育教学素质和能力的培养模式以及教学论系列课程的教学改革实践的现状及其需要出发,在调查研究的基础上提出了全程渗透全程培养全面发展师范生的化学教育教学能力及素质的培养模式及基本策略。     

新建综合院校化学师范生教育实践性知识发展探析

目前,新建本科综合院校化学教育专业,在课程设置、培养模式、教育教学方法及手段等方面存在不足,对师范生实践性知识养成与发展重视不够,化学师范生获得实践性知识渠道较窄、机会较少,教师教学质量不够高。学校应加强实践教育,不断改善实践性知识养成环境与传播方式,教师要为师范生做出榜样。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.