非对称螺旋扭曲管管内流动与传热特性数值模拟研究

本文利用数值模拟方法对一种非对称螺旋扭曲管在雷诺数4000~20000的范围内管内流动阻力和传热特性进行了研究.结果表明,与椭圆扭曲管相比,非对称的螺旋扭曲管的努塞尔数得到了显著的提高.通过流场的对比分析可知,非对称螺旋管横截面上的三叶扭曲,使得三叶区域内的流体流动发生偏向,形成强烈的二次旋流使得传热性能得到提升.低雷诺数时,非对称螺旋扭曲管(顺向扭曲)显示出更好的传热性能和更高的阻力因子.随着雷诺数的增加,非对称螺旋扭曲管与对称性螺旋扭曲管的传热与阻力特性差别不大.此外,通过两种不同综合性能因子对比不同管型传热综合性能。在相同泵功率下,非对称螺旋扭曲管在低雷诺数时显示较优的性能,而在相同质量流率下,传统的椭圆扭曲管显示较好的性能。     

微喷管数值模拟

本文数值模拟喉部半高为34μm的二维微喷管,分别分析了固定进口及固定喉部尺度下扩张角、扩张比以及滑移边界条件对微喷管性能的影响,发现最佳半扩张角在20°-22°之间,而最佳扩张比为7。为了比较壁面滑移条件对计算结果影响,分别数值模拟了喉部尺寸为68μm和6.8μm的微喷管,发现Kn<0.001时,滑移边界条件对数值模拟结果较小;而0.002相似文献   

无导叶对转涡轮进口热斑迁移特性分析

为了揭示1 1/2(无低压导叶)对转涡轮进口热斑的迁移特性,运用三维非定常粘性流场计算程序对某1 l/2对转涡轮模型级在不同进口温度分布条件下的流场进行了数值模拟.结果表明,热斑在高压导叶中未发生周向和展向迁移;当进口热斑位于高压导叶流道中间时,高压动叶的热负荷加重;当进口热斑正对高压导叶前缘时,与进口热斑位于高压导叶流道中间方案相比,加重了高压导叶热负荷,但减轻了高压动叶热负荷;综合比较来看,进口热斑正对高压导叶前缘对涡轮冷却设计有利;冷热流体间的滑移速度、二次流效应和浮力效应是影响热斑迁移特性的主要因素;热斑在动叶中的迁移方向主要与冷热流体间滑移速度的方向有关,而与进口热斑相对第一级导叶的位置无关;在高压动叶中,二次流和浮力的作用效果均很明显;在低压动叶中,流体的迁移扩散行为主要受二次流控制,浮力基本不起作用.     

二维空腔黏性流的格子Boltzmann方法模拟

用13速六方格子BhatnagarGrossKrook(缩写为BGK)模型模拟二维空腔黏性流.给出了上边界流体作匀速运动时,具有不同雷诺数的空腔黏性流的流场速度分布情况,模拟了在雷诺数Re=3000时,流场中的涡旋形成过程及流场稳定后,腔内密度、压力和温度的分布情况 关键词：     

热化学模型对高超声速磁流体控制数值模拟影响分析

针对等离子体流场的模拟准确性问题及其对高超声速磁流体控制的影响,通过数值求解三维非平衡Navier-Stokes流场控制方程和Maxwell电磁场控制方程,建立了三维低磁雷诺数磁流体数值模拟方法及程序,分析了不同空气组分化学反应模型和壁面有限催化效率等因素对高超声速磁流体控制的影响.研究表明:不同空气组分化学反应模型对高超声速磁流体流场结构、气动力/热特性控制的影响不容忽视;对于本文计算条件,Park化学反应模型在组分模型一致性、等离子体模拟准确性等方面具有一定优势;磁控热防护效果,受壁面有限催化复合系数影响较大,两者呈非线性关系,不同表面区域差异较大;磁场对磁阻力伞及其磁阻力特性影响,受壁面催化效应的影响相对较小.     

低展弦比跨音速轴流风扇转子流场三维数值模拟

应用基于时间推进的有限差分法求解跨音速压气机风扇转子内部三维粘性流场．该方法以新型ＬＵ隐式格式和改良型 ＭＵＳＣＬ ＴＶＤ格式为基础,对三维可压缩雷诺平均 Ｎａｖｉｅ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程和低雷诺数ｑ－ω双方程湍流模型进行求解．计算得到了ＮＡＳＡ Ｌｅｗｉｓ ６７跨音速、低展弦比轴流风扇转子的性能曲线并重点分析了近最高效率点工况和近失速工况下的内部流场．计算与实验结果的对比表明此方法能够得到三维粘性流场的流动特性且计算精度较高,可用来模拟跨音速风扇转子内部流动．     

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采用FLUENT软件分别对外加均匀横向磁场的等截面三维充分发展液态金属管流的层流模型和低雷诺数湍流Lam/Bremhost(LB)模型进行了数值模拟,分析了外加磁场对普通方管LB模型速度分布和压降的影响。比较在相同哈特曼数下,层流和湍流模型方管截面上速度分布和管道中MHD压降。其中,对电流的计算采用磁感应方程来求得。数值模拟结果证明了用低雷诺数LB湍流模型解决方管磁流体流动的可行性。通过层流模型和湍流模型的对比可知,层流模型有较短的入口长度,但管内流体的压降却很大;而湍流模型管内速度更加平均化,管内压降较小,但管内入口长度较长。     

雷诺数对涡轮叶栅流动的影响

本文利用数值模拟手段模拟了涡轮叶栅内部三维流动,分析了雷诺数对涡轮叶栅内部流动图画的影响。结果表明在低于自模化雷诺数条件下,雷诺数的降低将对涡轮叶栅吸力面边界层的发展产生严重的不利影响。雷诺数降低至一定程度,将导致吸力面出现严重的分离,端部二次流流动相应加剧,使低雷诺数情况下涡轮叶栅性能恶化,在设计中应予充分重视。     

应用高分辨率迎风格式精确分析透平叶栅三维湍流流场

应用高收敛率、高精度和高分辨率的数值计算方法,通过求解全三维可压缩雷诺平均的Navier－Stokes方程和q－ω低雷诺数双方程湍流模型,数值模拟了VKI跨音速叶栅内的三维流场,对叶棚内的三维流动结构进行了细致的分析。计算表明,本文采用的计算方法可以精确模拟叶轮机械内部的复杂流动。     

微直通道内气体滑移流动的二维理论和数值研究

以微直通道内气体滑移流动为例,采用扰动分析方法,结合不同阶滑移条件,得出N-S方程的理论解.采用不同滑移模型,对不同进出口压比、长宽比、工质的微通道流进行理论和数值分析,着重研究稀薄效应、热蠕动效应以及不同滑移条件对计算结果的影响.计算表明,努森数是表征稀薄效应的特征参数,而热蠕动效应的强弱依赖于雷诺数.在极大长宽比的低速流工况下,理论和数值结果与实验吻合很好.     

Three-dimensional numerical thrust performance analysis of hydrogen fuel mixture rotating detonation engine with aerospike nozzle

The propulsive performance for an H₂/O₂ and H₂/Air rotating detonation engine (RDE) with conic aerospike nozzle has been estimated using three-dimensional numerical simulation with detailed chemical reaction model. The present paper provides the evaluation of the specific impulse (I_sp), pressure gain and the thrust coefficient for different micro-nozzle stagnation pressures and for two configurations of conic aerospike nozzle, open and choked aerospike. The simulations show that regardless of the nozzle, increase the micro-nozzles stagnation pressure increases the mass flow rate, the pre-detonation gases pressure and consequently the post-detonation pressure. This gain of pressure in the combustion chamber leads to a higher pressure thrust through the nozzle, improving the I_sp. It was also found that the choked nozzle increases the chamber time-averaged static pressure by 50–60% compared with the open nozzle, inducing higher performance for the same reason explained before.     

微通道冷却器内流动和传热特性的数值模拟

为满足固体激光器用微通道冷却器的换热要求, 根据冷却器结构分别建立了二维和三维物理模型, 利用计算流体力学方法首先对比研究两者的流动特性, 然后考察雷诺数和玻片生热量对微通道流动和传热特性的影响。结果表明:对于类似大平板间的矩形微通道层流流动区域, 其流动及传热特性可直接采用二维简化模型进行模拟分析;对于重点关注的转捩区, 采用三维模型模拟分析更好;当雷诺数增大到转捩点, 流体的传热效果得到明显增强;随着雷诺数的增大, 玻片生热量对通道内最低压力需求的影响逐渐减小;不同玻片生热量对微通道流动影响不可忽略, 对努赛尔数和通道总压降基本无影响。     

Numerical study of rotating electroosmotic flow of Oldroyd-B fluid in a microchannel with slip boundary condition

In the present study, the effect of slip boundary condition on the rotating electroosmotic flow (EOF) of Oldroyd-B fluid in a microchannel under high zeta potential is considered numerically. The potential distribution of the electric double layer (EDL) is acquired by solving the nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann equation. The numerical solution of velocity profile is obtained by using a finite difference method. The effects of rotating Reynolds number, electric width, viscous parameter, slip parameter etc on velocity and boundary stress for Oldroyd-B fluid EOF are discussed, which show that the slip boundary effect can reduce the boundary stress and promote the development of flow.     

基于拉格朗日跟踪法的波纹流道流体特性研究

采用正交实验方法考察了具有不同结构参数的三维周期波纹流道中的流体性能,并采用Webb评价方法对其进行性能评价。比较了不同波纹宽度的波纹流道的阻力因子e_f、传热因子e_Nu和能效因子η的值,结果表明三者都随Re的增大而增大,波纹宽度最小时能效因子η最大。流体在波纹流道中垂直于主流方向的横截面上产生二次流,随着Re增大,二次流增强,阻力增大,温度边界层减薄,温度等值线分布变得不均匀,传热增强。采用拉格朗日粒子跟踪技术分析了不同Re下,流体粒子在波纹流道内的运动轨迹,绘制了不同周期出口流体粒子的庞加莱截面图,结果表明流体粒子在波纹流道中被反复拉伸和折叠,增加了流体粒子的接触面积,提高混合效率,强化了传热。     

Provide a suitable range to include the thermal creeping effect on slip velocity and temperature jump of an air flow in a nanochannel by lattice Boltzmann method

The thermal creeping effect on slip velocity of air forced convection through a nanochannel is studied for the first time by using a lattice Boltzmann method. The nanochannel side walls are kept hot while the cold inlet air streams along them. The computations are presented for the wide range of Reynolds number, Knudsen number and Eckert number while slip velocity and temperature jump effects are involved. Moreover appropriate validations are performed versus previous works concerned the micro–nanoflows.The achieved results are shown as the velocity and temperature profiles at different cross sections, streamlines and isotherms and also the values of slip velocity and temperature jump along the nanochannel walls. The ability of the lattice Boltzmann method to simulate the thermal creeping effects on hydrodynamic and thermal domains of flow is shown at this study; so that its effects should be involved at lower values of Eckert number and higher values of Reynolds number especially at entrance region where the most temperature gradient exists.     

Discrete Boltzmann Method with Maxwell-Type Boundary Condition for Slip Flow

The rarefied effect of gas flow in microchannel is significant and cannot be well described by traditional hydrodynamic models. It has been known that discrete Boltzmann model(DBM) has the potential to investigate flows in a relatively wider range of Knudsen number because of its intrinsic kinetic nature inherited from Boltzmann equation.It is crucial to have a proper kinetic boundary condition for DBM to capture the velocity slip and the flow characteristics in the Knudsen layer. In this paper, we present a DBM combined with Maxwell-type boundary condition model for slip flow. The tangential momentum accommodation coefficient is introduced to implement a gas-surface interaction model.Both the velocity slip and the Knudsen layer under various Knudsen numbers and accommodation coefficients can be well described. Two kinds of slip flows, including Couette flow and Poiseuille flow, are simulated to verify the model.To dynamically compare results from different models, the relation between the definition of Knudsen number in hard sphere model and that in BGK model is clarified.     

Study on the dynamic characteristics of flow over building cluster at high Reynolds number by large eddy simulation

In this paper,the dynamic characteristics of building clusters are simulated by large eddy simulation at high Reynolds number for both homogeneous and heterogeneous building clusters.To save the computational cost a channel-like flow model is applied to the urban canopy with free slip condition at the upper boundary.The results show that the domain height is an important parameter for correct evaluation of the dynamic characteristics.The domain height must be greater than 8h(h is the average building height)in order to obtain correct roughness height while displacement height and roughness sublayer are less sensitive to the domain height.The Reynolds number effects on the dynamic characteristics and flow patterns are investigated.The turbulence intensity is stronger inside building cluster at high Reynolds number while turbulence intensity is almost unchanged with Reynolds number above the building cluster.Roughness height increases monotonously with Reynolds number by 20%from Re*=103 to Re*=105 but displacement height is almost unchanged.Within the canopy layer of heterogeneous building clusters,flow structures vary between buildings and turbulence is more active at high Reynolds number.     

Minimal polar swimmer at low Reynolds number

We propose a minimal model for a polar swimmer, consisting of two spheres connected by a rigid slender arm, at low Reynolds number. The propulsive velocity for the proposed model is the maximum for any swimming cycle with the same variations in its two degrees of freedom and its displacement in a cycle is achieved entirely in one step. The stroke averaged flow field generated by the contractile swimmer at large distances is found to be dipolar. In addition, the changing radius of one of the spheres generates the field of a potential doublet centered at its initial position.