Controlling the frequency of the frequency-shifted feedback fiber laser using injection-seeding technique

In this paper we describe the stabilization of the optical frequency comb (OFC) generated by the frequency-shifted feedback (FSF) erbium fiber laser. Frequency of the comb is controlled using the distributed feedback laser diode seeded into the cavity of the FSF laser. When the DFB diode is stabilized to the molecular absorption line of hydrogen cyanide frequency stabilized OFC is obtained.     

激光二极管抽运频差可调谐双频固体激光器的研究

研究了激光二极管抽运的可调频差的双频固体激光器，激光增益介质为2mm厚的1at%掺杂Nd:YAG薄片.对谐振腔产生稳定双频激光的条件作了分析，用琼斯矩阵计算了谐振腔内各处电场矢量的偏振态，证明了双频激光两个电场矢量偏振态之间总是正交的.两个偏振激光频率间隔由改变λ/4波片快轴之间的夹角实现调谐.实验中使用腔内标准具实现单频运转，然后插入双λ/4波片使单纵模激光频率分裂，实现了激光器的双频输出.实验中得到双频激光稳定运转时频差的上限约为1.3GHz；由于强模竞争现象的存在，实验中所观察到的频差下限为50MHz. 100MHz拍频时得到的双频激光输出功率为85mW. 关键词： 激光技术 固体激光器 双频激光     

A laser feedback interferometer with an oscillating feedback mirror

A method is proposed to solve the problem of direction discrimination for laser feedback interferometers.By vibrating the feedback mirror with a small-amplitude and high-frequency sine wave,laser intensity is modulated accordingly.The modulation amplitude can be extracted using a phase sensitive detector(PSD).When the feedback mirror moves,the PSD output shows a quasi-sine waveform similar to a laser intensity interference fringe but with a phase difference of approximately ±π/2.If the movement direction of the feedback mirror changes,the phase difference sign reverses.Therefore,the laser feedback interferometer offers a potential application in displacement measurement with a resolution of 1/8 wavelength and in-time direction discrimination.Without using optical components such as polarization beam splitters and wave plates,the interferometer is very simple,easy to align,and less costly.     

窄脉宽LD泵浦全固态绿光激光器的实验研究

研究了绿光平均功率达84W的高稳定声光调Q全固态激光器。通过理论分析和试验研究,针对KTP热效应以及Nd∶YAG棒的热致双折射效应,设计并优化了谐振腔来压窄脉宽。采用35个20W的高功率LD侧面抽运Nd∶YAG棒和Ⅱ类相位匹配KTP晶体(24℃时相位匹配角为Φ=23.6°,θ=90°,尺寸为7mm×7mm×7mm),采用双声光Q开关,高效平凹结构,实现了高功率内腔倍频激光器的稳定运转;在抽运电流25A时,获得了重复频率为10kHz,脉冲宽度优于45ns,输出功率为84W的高功率、高重频、窄脉宽绿光(532nm)输出,光_光转换效率为14.3%,不稳定度为±3%。     

二极管侧面抽运Nd∶YAG 4波长同时输出激光

为了获得1064nm,1319nm,589nm及660nm 4波长激光同时输出,设计了双激光晶体同步声光调Q“T”型复合谐振腔。通过软件模拟与计算,筛选出理想的谐振腔参数,使2波长基频光在大泵浦电流范围内能稳定运转。以KTP晶体和LBO晶体为和频晶体和倍频晶体,在泵浦电流为17A,重复频率为10kHz时,获得了1064nm,1319nm,589nm和660nm 4波长激光输出,最高平均功率分别为150mW,80mW,2.3W和1.7W,同时测得589nm激光和660nm激光的脉冲宽度分别为110ns和130ns。结果表明：使用热稳“T”型复合腔,可以获得4波长激光同时稳定输出。     

基于光线追迹的单频激光多重回馈效应研究

提出一种基于非准直平凹回馈腔的单频激光多重回馈光线追迹模型,采用该模型阐明了单频激光多重回馈效应的产生机理,分析了多重回馈高分辨率条纹的特性,明确了影响多重回馈条纹形状的主要因素,包括回馈镜的倾角、曲率半径、反射率以及回馈外腔长等,获得了回馈镜在不同倾角时的有效回馈阶次及其耦合系数。光线追迹分析与实验结果表明:当回馈镜倾斜角为1.7时,多重回馈效应会产生调制幅度均匀、没有大包络的高分辨率回馈条纹,每个条纹的分辨率可达/50。     

双反馈半导体激光器的混沌特性研究

实验利用双反馈半导体激光器获得了关联维数为3.8的高维混沌光.同时对比分析了双反馈与单反馈两种不同模式产生混沌的区别.结果表明：在反馈强度均为-26 dB时,双反馈产生混沌的关联维数高于单反馈产生混沌的关联维数2.6;双反馈可获得带宽为11 GHz的混沌光,为单反馈产生混沌带宽5.5 GHz的两倍.当双反馈的两个外腔长度不相等时,混沌的自相关曲线能很好的隐藏外腔长度信息,可提高混沌通信的保密性. 关键词： 双反馈 半导体激光器 混沌 带宽     

激光二极管抽运固体激光器场分布的热不稳定性研究

通过建立激光介质非热平衡状态的振荡散热模型，分析了激光二极管抽运固体激光器中，热透镜的不稳定性.研究表明，热透镜的这种热不稳定性是造成激光场不稳定的重要因素.会造成高斯半径的不稳定波动，会使激光光束的指向角波动，会造成激光光斑的非对称畸变，这种畸变也处于波动之中.通过对端面抽运条件下，热耗为1W的Nd:YAG激光介质的理论和实验研究，确定了这种原因下光场不稳定度的数量级. 关键词： 激光二极管 固体激光器 热透镜     

分布反馈激光特性的实验研究

研究了以脉冲YAG倍频激光泵浦Rh6G染料,产生分布反馈激光振荡的辐射光谱、转换效率、时间过程以及可调谐特性;发现在大于泵浦阈值下的分布反馈激光输出的多谱线结构与双脉冲辐射现象,以及分布反馈激光脉冲变窄的自开关效应.作为详细的实验观察和分析.     

具有位移和绝对距离测量能力的回馈干涉系统

提出一种基于半导体激光器泵浦Nd∶YAG微片激光器的回馈干涉系统，适合于非配合目标的位移和绝对距离测量。该测量系统包括移频回馈干涉光学系统，基于泵浦调制的微片激光器调频系统和相敏检波信号处理系统3部分。介绍了移频回馈干涉的原理，给出了位移测量和绝对距离测量应用的原理和测量方法，分析了测量的分辨率。实际测量了发黑工件表面的位移和绝对距离。实验结果表明，该回馈干涉系统灵敏度高，对被测表面反射率的要求很低，兼有对非配合目标的高分辨率位移测量和绝对距离测量的能力。     

中红外固体激光器研究进展

本文介绍了中红外固体激光器中新型的Fe²⁺: ZnSe激光器和基于MgO: PPLN、ZnGeP₂晶体的光参量振荡器的发展现状,讨论了它们在发展过程中遇到的技术难题,探讨了中红外固体激光器的未来发展方向。波长为3~5 μm的中红外固体激光器具有效率高、体积小和重量轻等优点,在工业、医疗、军事等方面具有重要应用价值,研制大尺寸、高质量中红外激光晶体和输出波长更长的红外高功率激光泵浦源已成为中红外固体激光器未来发展方向之一。     

Strong optical feedback in birefringent dual frequency laser

Strong optical feedback in a birefringent dual frequency He--Ne laser with a high reflectivity feedback mirror has been investigated for the first time. The output characteristics of two orthogonally polarized modes are demonstrated in two different optical feedback cases: one is for both modes being fed back and the other is for only one of the modes being fed back. Strong mode competition can be observed between the two modes with strong optical feedback. And when one mode's intensity is near its maximum, the other mode is nearly extinguished. When both modes are fed back into the laser cavity, the mode competition is stronger than when only one mode is fed back. The difference in initial intensity between the two orthogonally polarized modes plays an important role in the mode competition, which has been experimentally and theoretically demonstrated.     

基于频移反馈腔的全光纤射频调制脉冲激光研究

射频调制的脉冲激光是激光雷达探测领域内的一项重要研究内容.根据声光斩波器的强度和频率调制特性,设计了基于频移反馈腔的全光纤射频调制脉冲激光.理论上,建立了基于频移反馈腔的激光外差相干理论模型,并进行了数值仿真.根据理论模型,实验上严格控制频移反馈腔的长度和声光斩波器触发信号的周期,在100 MHz的射频信号驱动下,产生了脉冲宽度110 ns、重复频率约20 kHz的具有最高700 MHz射频调制的脉冲激光(脉内调制激光);同时微调斩波周期可以实现脉冲前沿或后沿的多样性射频调制.通过改变反馈腔内光纤放大器的输出功率实现了射频调制深度的连续可调,最高达到了0.67.     

Optical feedback in a Zeeman-birefringence HeNe laser and its application in ranging

The optical feedback characteristics in a Zeeman-birefringence HeNe laser have been studied systematically when the external cavity varies in a large range. The intensity variations of the two orthogonally polarized lights are observed during the laser cavity tuning in the dual frequency laser. When the external cavity length is an integral multiple of the laser cavity length, either polarized light's intensity modulation depth varies not obviously when the laser works in dual modes conditions or single mode condition. But when the external cavity length is far away from an integral multiple of the laser cavity length and the laser works in different dual modes conditions, polarized light's intensity modulation depth varies obviously. This characteristic can guide us to tune the laser to work in single mode condition to improve the sensitivity of the optical system when the system is used for a large displacement measurement. It can also be used for measuring the position of the target mirror. The theoretical analysis is in good agreement with experimental results.     

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采用对比分析的方法,对基于TM703FB四极管调制技术的高压调制器和基于IGBT串联技术的全固态调制器的工作原理以及实验结果进行了对比分析。对比分析表明,采用IGBT串联技术的新型全固态高压调制器相对采用电子管技术的传统高压调制器具有众多优点,在HL-2A物理实验中具有重要的应用价值。     

光注入和光电反馈联合作用下垂直腔表面 发射激光器的动力学特性研究

基于自旋反转模型, 研究了垂直腔表面发射激光器(VCSEL) 在光注入和光电反馈共同作用下的动力学特性. 研究结果表明: 一个受到主VCSEL光注入的副VCSEL, 在同时存在光电正反馈时, 其输出的两个线偏振模式(X和Y偏振模) 可呈现周期、 倍周期、 多周期、 混沌等丰富的动力学状态, 且两偏振模动力学态的演化路径存在差异. 各动力学状态在由反馈强度f与注入强度η 所构成的参数空间的分布区域随着主、 副VCSEL 的频率失谐Δν(Δν=ν_m-ν_s, ν_m, ν_s 分别为主、 副VCSEL自由运行时的振荡频率) 的变化而发生改变. 当Δν为正失谐时, 呈现混沌的区域相比零失谐和负失谐时有明显的扩展, 即副VCSEL能在更大的参数范围内实现混沌输出. 对于特定的频率失谐, 分析了光电正反馈强度f和光注入强度η对混沌输出带宽的影响. 通过合理选择反馈强度以及注入强度, 可使副VCSEL混沌输出带宽显著增加.     

Experimental characterization of an Yb-doped fiber ring laser with frequency-shifted feedback

We present experimental characteristics of an Yb³⁺-doped fiber ring laser operating with frequency-shifted feedback (FSF) through an acousto-optic modulator (AOM) and seeded by both a stationary continuous-wave (CW) laser and spontaneous emission. We show the spectrum and output characteristics for operations with several effective gain bandwidths, as established by Fabry-Perot etalons inside the cavity. Observation using a high finesse Fabry-Perot interferometer shows that, as expected from earlier work, although the spectrum of the FSF laser without seeding is continuous, when seeded by a CW-laser the spectrum consists of a comb of discrete modes, each offset from the seed by an integer number of AOM frequency shifts. The experimental results are in excellent quantitative agreement with the theory developed earlier [L. Yatsenko, B.W. Shore, K. Bergmann, Opt. Commun. 236 (2004) 183].     

双频激光回馈位移测量研究

提出了一种基于双频激光回馈效应的位移测量系统，并在理论和实验两方面进行了研究.实验中对激光器输出功率变化进行了探测，同时对两正交偏振光的光强变化进行了探测.研究发现当被测物体移动时，激光器输出功率受到调制，物体每移动半个光波长时，回馈信号为调制深度相等的两峰，系统分辨率提高了一倍，达到四分之一光波长.当物体运动方向改变时，两正交偏振光的光强变化顺序也随之改变，可以实现物体位移方向的判断.理论分析及模拟结果与实验结果相符合.研究表明该位移传感系统具有结构简单、分辨率高、可判向、测量范围大、可工作于强回馈区等优点. 关键词： 激光回馈 位移传感 自混合干涉 双频激光器