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1.
Jayaraman Pitchaimani Nanjappan Gunasekaran Savarimuthu Philip Anthony Dohyun Moon Vedichi Madhu 《应用有机金属化学》2019,33(6)
A series of air‐stable, phosphine‐free arene ruthenium (II)–NNN pincer complexes (RuL, RuL1, RuL2 and RuL3) have been synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic and single‐crystal X‐ray analysis. Further, arene ruthenium (II)–NNN pincer complexes have been used as catalyst for hydrogenation of nitroaromatics into aniline in the presence of NaBH4 at room temperature. The catalytic process suggested highly chemo‐selective nitroreduction with wide functional group tolerance. 相似文献
2.
Protic N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Versus Pyrazole: Rigorous Comparison of Proton‐ and Electron‐Donating Abilities in a Pincer‐Type Framework
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Tatsuro Toda Akihiro Yoshinari Prof. Dr. Takao Ikariya Prof. Dr. Shigeki Kuwata 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(46):16675-16683
Evaluation of the acidity of proton‐responsive ligands such as protic N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) bearing an NH‐wingtip provides a key to understanding the metal–ligand cooperation in enzymatic and artificial catalysis. Here, we design a CNN pincer‐type ruthenium complex 2 bearing protic NHC and isoelectronic pyrazole units in a symmetrical skeleton, to compare their acidities and electron‐donating abilities. The synthesis is achieved by direct C?H metalation of 2‐(imidazol‐1‐yl)‐6‐(pyrazol‐3‐yl)pyridine with [RuCl2(PPh3)3]. 15N‐Labeling experiments confirm that deprotonation of 2 occurs first at the pyrazole side, indicating clearly that the protic pyrazole is more acidic than the NHC group. The electrochemical measurements as well as derivatization to carbonyl complexes demonstrate that the protic NHC is more electron‐donating than pyrazole in both protonated and deprotonated forms. 相似文献
3.
Square‐Planar Ruthenium(II) Complexes: Control of Spin State by Pincer Ligand Functionalization
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Dr. Bjorn Askevold Dr. Marat M. Khusniyarov Dr. Wolfgang Kroener Dr. Klaus Gieb Prof. Paul Müller Dr. Eberhardt Herdtweck Dr. Frank W. Heinemann Dr. Martin Diefenbach Prof. Max C. Holthausen Veacheslav Vieru Prof. Liviu F. Chibotaru Prof. Sven Schneider 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2015,21(2):579-589
Functionalization of the PNP pincer ligand backbone allows for a comparison of the dialkyl amido, vinyl alkyl amido, and divinyl amido ruthenium(II) pincer complex series [RuCl{N(CH2CH2PtBu2)2}], [RuCl{N(CHCHPtBu2)(CH2CH2PtBu2)}], and [RuCl{N(CHCHPtBu2)2}], in which the ruthenium(II) ions are in the extremely rare square‐planar coordination geometry. Whereas the dialkylamido complex adopts an electronic singlet (S=0) ground state and energetically low‐lying triplet (S=1) state, the vinyl alkyl amido and the divinyl amido complexes exhibit unusual triplet (S=1) ground states as confirmed by experimental and computational examination. However, essentially non‐magnetic ground states arise for the two intermediate‐spin complexes owing to unusually large zero‐field splitting (D>+200 cm?1). The change in ground state electronic configuration is attributed to tailored pincer ligand‐to‐metal π‐donation within the PNP ligand series. 相似文献
4.
《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2017,56(10):2720-2724
N‐Heterocyclic carbene based pincer ligands bearing a central silyl donor, [CSiC]−, have been envisioned as a class of strongly σ‐donating ligands that can be used for synthesizing electron‐rich transition‐metal complexes for the activation of inert bonds. However, this type of pincer ligand and complexes thereof have remained elusive owing to their challenging synthesis. We herein describe the first synthesis of a CSiC pincer ligand scaffold through the coupling of a silyl–NHC chelate with a benzyl–NHC chelate induced by one‐electron oxidation in the coordination sphere of a cobalt complex. The monoanionic CSiC ligand stabilizes the CoI dinitrogen complex [(CSiC)Co(N2)] with an unusual coordination geometry and enables the challenging oxidative addition of E−H bonds (E=C, N, O) to CoI to form CoIII complexes. The structure and reactivity of the cobalt(I) complex are ascribed to the unique electronic properties of the CSiC pincer ligand, which provides a strong trans effect and pronounced σ‐donation. 相似文献
5.
Unexpected Direct Hydride Transfer Mechanism for the Hydrogenation of Ethyl Acetate to Ethanol Catalyzed by SNS Pincer Ruthenium Complexes
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Xiangyang Chen Dr. Yuanyuan Jing Prof. Dr. Xinzheng Yang 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(6):1950-1957
The hydrogenation of ethyl acetate to ethanol catalyzed by SNS pincer ruthenium complexes was computationally investigated by using DFT. Different from a previously proposed mechanism with fac‐[(SNS)Ru(PPh3)(H)2] ( 5′ ) as the catalyst, an unexpected direct hydride transfer mechanism with a mer‐SNS ruthenium complex as the catalyst, and two cascade catalytic cycles for hydrogenations of ethyl acetate to aldehyde and aldehyde to ethanol, is proposed base on our calculations. The new mechanism features ethanol‐assisted proton transfer for H2 cleavage, direct hydride transfer from ruthenium to the carbonyl carbon, and C?OEt bond cleavage. Calculation results indicate that the rate‐determining step in the whole catalytic reaction is the transfer of a hydride from ruthenium to the carbonyl carbon of ethyl acetate, with a total free energy barrier of only 26.9 kcal mol?1, which is consistent with experimental observations and significantly lower than the relative free energy of an intermediate in a previously postulated mechanism with 5′ as the catalyst. 相似文献
6.
NNP‐Type Pincer Imidazolylphosphine Ruthenium Complexes: Efficient Base‐Free Hydrogenation of Aromatic and Aliphatic Nitriles under Mild Conditions
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Dr. Rosa Adam Dr. Elisabetta Alberico Dr. Wolfgang Baumann Dr. Hans‐Joachim Drexler Dr. Ralf Jackstell Dr. Henrik Junge Prof. Dr. Matthias Beller 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(14):4991-5002
A series of seven novel NImNHP‐type pincer imidazolylphosphine ruthenium complexes has been synthesized and fully characterized. The use of hydrogenation of benzonitrile as a benchmark test identified [RuHCl(CO)(NImNHPtBu)] as the most active catalyst. With its stable Ru?BH4 analogue, in which chloride is replaced by BH4, a broad range of (hetero)aromatic and aliphatic nitriles, including industrially interesting adiponitrile, has been hydrogenated under mild and base‐free conditions. 相似文献
7.
Serenella Medici Marcella Gagliardo ScottB. Williams PrestonA. Chase Serafino Gladiali Martin Lutz AnthonyL. Spek GerardP.M. vanKlink Gerard vanKoten 《Helvetica chimica acta》2005,88(3):694-705
Achiral P‐donor pincer‐aryl ruthenium complexes ([RuCl(PCP)(PPh3)]) 4c , d were synthesized via transcyclometalation reactions by mixing equivalent amounts of [1,3‐phenylenebis(methylene)]bis[diisopropylphosphine] ( 2c ) or [1,3‐phenylenebis(methylene)]bis[diphenylphosphine] ( 2d ) and the N‐donor pincer‐aryl complex [RuCl{2,6‐(Me2NCH2)2C6H3}(PPh3)], ( 3 ; Scheme 2). The same synthetic procedure was successfully applied for the preparation of novel chiral P‐donor pincer‐aryl ruthenium complexes [RuCl(P*CP*)(PPh3)] 4a , b by reacting P‐stereogenic pincer‐arenes (S,S)‐[1,3‐phenylenebis(methylene)]bis[(alkyl)(phenyl)phosphines] 2a , b (alkyl=iPr or tBu, P*CHP*) and the complex [RuCl{2,6‐(Me2NCH2)2C6H3}(PPh3)], ( 3 ; Scheme 3). The crystal structures of achiral [RuCl(equation/tex2gif-sup-3.gifPCP)(PPh3)] 4c and of chiral (S,S)‐[RuCl(equation/tex2gif-sup-6.gifPCP)(PPh3)] 4a were determined by X‐ray diffraction (Fig. 3). Achiral [RuCl(PCP)(PPh3)] complexes and chiral [RuCl(P*CP*)(PPh3)] complexes were tested as catalyst in the H‐transfer reduction of acetophenone with propan‐2‐ol. With the chiral complexes, a modest enantioselectivity was obtained. 相似文献
8.
Unsymmetrical Pincer‐Type Ruthenium Complex Containing β‐Protic Pyrazole and N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Arms: Comparison of Brønsted Acidity of NH Groups in Second Coordination Sphere
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Tatsuro Toda Prof. Dr. Shigeki Kuwata Prof. Dr. Takao Ikariya 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2014,20(31):9539-9542
A reaction of a 2‐(imidazol‐1‐yl)methyl‐6‐(pyrazol‐3‐yl)pyridine with [RuCl2(PPh3)3] resulted in tautomerization of the imidazole unit to afford the unsymmetrical pincer‐type ruthenium complex 2 containing a protic pyrazole and N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) arms. Deprotonation of 2 with one equivalent of a base led to the formation of the NHC–pyrazolato complex 3 , indicating that the protic NHC arm is less acidic. When 2 was treated with two equivalents of a base under H2 or in 2‐propanol, the hydrido complex 4 containing protic NHC and pyrazolato groups was obtained through metal–ligand cooperation. 相似文献
9.
Baratta W Bossi G Putignano E Rigo P 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2011,17(12):3474-3481
The ruthenium and osmium complexes [MCl2(diphosphane)(L)] (M=Ru, Os; L=bidentate amino ligand) and [MCl(CNN)(dppb)] (CNN=pincer ligand; dppb=1,4‐bis‐ (diphenylphosphino)butane), containing the N–H moiety, have been found to catalyze the acceptorless dehydrogenation of alcohols in tBuOH and in the presence of KOtBu. The compounds trans‐[MCl2(dppf)(en)] (M=Ru 7 , Os 13 ; dppf=1,1′‐bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene; en=ethylenediamine) display very high activity and different substrates, including cyclic and linear alcohols, are efficiently oxidized to ketones by using 0.8–0.04 mol % of catalyst. The effect of the base and the comparison of the catalytic activity of the Ru versus Os complexes are reported. The ruthenium complex 7 generally leads to a faster conversion into ketones with respect to the osmium complex 13 , which displays better activity in the dehydrogenation of 5‐en‐3β‐hydroxy steroids. The synthesis of new Ru and Os complexes [MCl2(PP)(L)] (PP=dppb, dppf; L=(±)‐trans‐1,2‐diaminocyclohexane, 2‐(aminomethyl)pyridine, and 2‐aminoethanol) of trans and cis configuration is also reported. 相似文献
10.
Walter Baratta Prof. Giorgio Chelucci Dr. Santo Magnolia Dr. Katia Siega Dr. Pierluigi Rigo Prof. 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2009,15(3):726-732
Chiral pincer ruthenium complexes of formula [RuCl(CNN)(Josiphos)] ( 2 – 7 ; Josiphos=1‐[1‐(dicyclohexylphosphano)ethyl]‐2‐(diarylphosphano)ferrocene) have been prepared by treating [RuCl2(PPh3)3] with (S,R)‐Josiphos diphosphanes and 1‐substituted‐1‐(6‐arylpyridin‐2‐yl)methanamines (HCNN; substituent=H ( 1 a ), Me ( 1 b ), and tBu ( 1 c )) with NEt3. By using 1 b and 1 c as a racemic mixture, complexes 4 – 7 were obtained through a diastereoselective synthesis promoted by acetic acid. These pincer complexes, which display correctly matched chiral PP and CNN ligands, are remarkably active catalysts for the asymmetric reduction of alkyl aryl ketones in basic alcohol media by both transfer hydrogenation (TH) and hydrogenation (HY), achieving enantioselectivities of up to 99 %. In 2‐propanol, the enantioselective TH of ketones was accomplished by using a catalyst loading as low as 0.002 mol % and afforded a turnover frequency (TOF) of 105–106 h?1 (60 and 82 °C). In methanol/ethanol mixtures, the CNN pincer complexes catalyzed the asymmetric HY of ketones with H2 (5 atm) at 0.01 mol % relative to the complex with a TOF of ≈104 h?1 at 40 °C. 相似文献
11.
Molybdenum Complexes Supported by Mixed NHC/Phosphine Ligands: Activation of N2 and Reaction With P(OMe)3 to the First Meta‐Phosphite Complex
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Christian Gradert Nadja Stucke Jan Krahmer Prof. Dr. Christian Näther Prof. Dr. Felix Tuczek 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2015,21(3):1130-1137
Molybdenum(0) dinitrogen complexes, supported by the mixed NHC/phosphine pincer ligand PCP, exhibit an extreme activation of the N2 ligand due to a very π‐electron‐rich metal center. The low thermal stability of these compounds can be increased using phosphites instead of phosphines as coligands. Through an amalgam reduction of [MoCl3(PCP)] in the presence of trimethyl phosphite and N2 the highly activated and room‐temperature stable dinitrogen complex [Mo(N2)(PCP)(P(OMe)3)2] is obtained. As a second product, the first transition metal complex containing the meta‐phosphite ligand P(O)(OMe) originates from this reaction. 相似文献
12.
An Insight of the Results Provided by Color‐Tuning Studies Made on Ir(III) Complexes: A pi‐Neutral CF3 Group Viewed by Adjusting Energies of pi‐type Molecular Orbitals
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Hung‐Sung Lin Shou‐Yun Lu Fu‐Yung Huang Yan Wu Wei‐Lin Su Shao‐Pin Wang 《中国化学会会志》2015,62(11):939-943
The pi‐nature of a CF3 group can be understood through analysis of its bond orbitals (BOs) mixed into the pi‐type molecular orbitals of CF3‐substituted Ir(ppy)2MDPA+ complexes (ppy=2‐phenyl‐pyridine and MDPA=methylated 2,2′‐dipyridyl amine). It has been found that, through this natural bond orbital analysis, the parent’s molecular orbitals (MOs) can be stabilized by χρ*CF BO via negative hyperconjugation and, simultaneously, destabilized by electron lp(F) BO. Since these two competing pi‐effects are virtually counterbalanced as indicated by the vanishing values of crystal orbital overlap populations, the chemical substitution strategy originated from lowering of HOMO by using this electron‐withdrawing CF3 group has been found effective in color‐tuning to blue region. Based on reduced shielding effect due to de‐ creased χρ‐electron density, the reported position dependent CF3‐substitution effects on pi‐type MOs can also be understood through HOMO/LUMO wavefunction analysis. 相似文献
13.
A Bis‐Sulfonyl O,C,O Aryl Pincer Ligand and its Tin(II) Complex: Synthesis,Structural Studies,and DFT Calculations
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Mohammad El Ezzi Romaric Lenk Dr. David Madec Dr. Jean‐Marc Sotiropoulos Sonia Mallet‐Ladeira Dr. Annie Castel 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2015,54(3):805-808
The efficiency of the deprotonated aryl bis‐sulfone [2,6‐{(p‐tolyl)SO2}2C6H3]? as an O,C,O‐coordinating pincer‐type ligand was described. The bis‐sulfone precursor was synthesized using a straightforward palladium‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reaction. As a result of directed ortho metalation (DoM) through sulfonyl groups, a selective lithiation of the aryl group was achieved and the corresponding carbanion was isolated and its structure determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. A heteroleptic tin(II) complex has been prepared by a nucleophilic substitution reaction. Crystallographic analysis and DFT calculations indicate that the bis‐sulfonyl moiety acts as a new O,C,O‐coordinating pincer‐type ligand with intramolecular S?O coordination to a tin(II) center. The cis form with the two nonbonded oxygen atoms of the sulfonyl groups on the same side is preferentially obtained. 相似文献
14.
A Structure–Activity Study of Nickel NNN Pincer Complexes for Alkyl‐Alkyl Kumada and Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling Reactions
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Thomas Di Franco Marko Stojanovic Sébastien Carlos Keller Rosario Scopelliti Xile Hu 《Helvetica chimica acta》2016,99(11):830-847
A new series of Ni NNN pincer complexes were synthesized and characterized. The main difference among these complexes is the substituents on the side arm amino group(s). No major structural difference was found except for the C–N–C angle of the various substituents and the ‘pseudo bite angle’ of the complexes. Four new complexes were efficient for the alkyl‐alkyl Kumada reaction of primary alkyl halides, and among them, one complex was also efficient with secondary alkyl halides. The influence of the substituents on the catalytic performance of the Ni complexes in alkyl‐alkyl Kumada and Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions was systematically investigated. No correlation was found between the catalytic activity and the key structural parameters (C–N–C angle and ‘pseudo bite angle’), redox properties or Lewis acidity of the complexes. 相似文献
15.
Akihiro Yoshinari Akira Tazawa Prof. Dr. Shigeki Kuwata Prof. Dr. Takao Ikariya 《化学:亚洲杂志》2012,7(6):1417-1425
A new metal–ligand bifunctional, pincer‐type ruthenium complex [RuCl( L1‐H2 )(PPh3)2]Cl ( 1 ; L1‐H2 =2,6‐bis(5‐tert‐butyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐3‐yl)pyridine) featuring two proton‐delivering pyrazole arms has been synthesized. Complex 1 , derived from [RuCl2(PPh3)3] with L1‐H2 , underwent reversible deprotonation with potassium carbonate to afford the pyrazolato–pyrazole complex [RuCl(L1‐H)(PPh3)2] ( 2 ). Further deprotonation of 1 and 2 with potassium hexamethyldisilazide in methanol resulted in the formation of the bis(pyrazolato) complex [Ru(L1)(MeOH)(PPh3)2] ( 3 ). Complex 3 smoothly reacted with dioxygen and dinitrogen to give the side‐on peroxo complex [Ru(L1)(O2)(PPh3)2] ( 4 ) and end‐on dinitrogen complex [Ru(L1)(N2)(PPh3)2] ( 5 ), respectively. On the other hand, the reaction of [RuCl2(PPh3)3] with less hindered 2,6‐di(1H‐pyrazol‐3‐yl)pyridine ( L3‐H2 ) led to the formation of the dinuclear complex [{RuCl2(PPh3)2}2(μ2‐ L3‐H2 )2] ( 6 ), in which the pyrazole‐based ligand adopted a tautomeric form different from L1‐H2 in 1 and the central pyridine remained uncoordinated. The detailed structures of 1 , 2 , 3 , 3.MeOH , 4 , 5 , 6 were determined by X‐ray crystallography. 相似文献
16.
Soufiane S. Nadif Dr. Matthew E. O'Reilly Dr. Ion Ghiviriga Dr. Khalil A. Abboud Prof. Adam S. Veige 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2015,54(50):15138-15142
A chemically non‐innocent pyrrole‐based trianionic (ONO)3? pincer ligand within [(pyr‐ONO)TiCl(thf)2] ( 2 ) can access the dianionic [(3H‐pyr‐ONO)TiCl2(thf)] ( 1‐THF ) and monoanionic [(3H,4H‐pyr‐ONO)TiCl2(OEt2)][B{3,5‐(CF3)2C6H3}4] ( 3‐Et2O ) states through remote protonation of the pyrrole γ‐C π‐bonds. The homoleptic [(3H‐pyr‐ONO)2Zr] ( 4 ) was synthesized and characterized by X‐ray diffraction and NMR spectroscopy in solution. The protonation of 4 by [H(OEt2)2][B{C6H3(CF3)2}4] yields [(3H,4H‐pyr‐ONO)(3H‐pyr‐ONO)Zr][B{3,5‐(CF3)2C6H3}4] ( 5 ), thus demonstrating the storage of three protons. 相似文献
17.
Umpolung of Methylenephosphonium Ions in Their Manganese Half‐Sandwich Complexes and Application to the Synthesis of Chiral Phosphorus‐Containing Ligand Scaffolds
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Dr. Dmitry A. Valyaev Dr. Oleg A. Filippov Dr. Noël Lugan Dr. Guy Lavigne Prof. Dr. Nikolai A. Ustynyuk 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2015,54(21):6315-6319
Half‐sandwich manganese methylenephosphonium complexes [Cp(CO)2Mn(η2‐R2P?C(H)Ph)]BF4 were obtained in high yield through a straightforward reaction sequence involving a classical Fischer‐type manganese complex and a secondary phosphine as key starting materials. The addition of various nucleophiles (Nu) to these species took place regioselectively at the double‐bonded carbon center of the coordinated methylenephosphonium ligand R2P+?C(H)Ph to produce the corresponding chiral phosphine complexes [Cp(CO)2Mn(κ1‐R2P? C(H)(Ph)Nu)], from which the phosphines were ultimately recovered as free entities upon simple irradiation with visible light. The synthetic potential of this umpolung approach is illustrated herein by the preparation of novel chiral pincer‐type phosphine–NHC–phosphine ligand architectures. 相似文献
18.
Interconversion of Molybdenum Imido and Amido Complexes by Proton‐Coupled Electron Transfer
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Máté J. Bezdek Prof. Paul J. Chirik 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2018,57(8):2224-2228
Interconversion of the molybdenum amido [(PhTpy)(PPh2Me)2Mo(NHtBuAr)][BArF24] (PhTpy=4′‐Ph‐2,2′,6′,2“‐terpyridine; tBuAr=4‐tert‐butyl‐C6H4; ArF24=(C6H3‐3,5‐(CF3)2)4) and imido [(PhTpy)(PPh2Me)2Mo(NtBuAr)][BArF24] complexes has been accomplished by proton‐coupled electron transfer. The 2,4,6‐tri‐tert‐butylphenoxyl radical was used as an oxidant and the non‐classical ammine complex [(PhTpy)(PPh2Me)2Mo(NH3)][BArF24] as the reductant. The N?H bond dissociation free energy (BDFE) of the amido N?H bond formed and cleaved in the sequence was experimentally bracketed between 45.8 and 52.3 kcal mol?1, in agreement with a DFT‐computed value of 48 kcal mol?1. The N?H BDFE in combination with electrochemical data eliminate proton transfer as the first step in the N?H bond‐forming sequence and favor initial electron transfer or concerted pathways. 相似文献
19.
Martin Albrecht Gerard van Koten 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2001,40(20):3750-3781
Since the first reports in the late 1970s on transition metal complexes containing pincer‐type ligands—named after the particular coordination mode of these ligands—these systems have attracted increasing interest owing to the unusual properties of the metal centers imparted by the pincer ligand. Typically, such a ligand comprises an anionic aryl ring which is ortho,ortho‐disubstituted with heteroatom substituents, for example, CH2NR2, CH2PR2 or CH2SR, which generally coordinate to the metal center, and therefore support the M−C σ bond. This commonly results in a terdentate and meridional coordination mode consisting of two metallacycles which share the M−C bond. Detailed studies of the formation and the properties of a large variety of pincers containing platinum group metal complexes have provided direct access to both a fundamental understanding of a variety of reactions in organometallic chemistry and to a range of new applications of these complexes. The discovery of alkane dehydrogenation catalysts, the mechanistic elucidation of fundamental transformations (for example, C−C bond activation), the construction of the first metallodendrimers for sustainable homogeneous catalysis, and the engineering of crystalline switches for materials processing represent only a few of the many highlights which have emanated from these numerous investigations. This review discusses the synthetic methodologies that are currently available for the preparation of platinum group metal complexes containing pincer ligands and especially emphasizes different applications that have been realized in materials science such as the development and engineering of sensors, switches, and catalysts. 相似文献
20.
Iron Dicarbonyl Complexes Featuring Bipyridine‐Based PNN Pincer Ligands with Short Interpyridine CC Bond Lengths: Innocent or Non‐Innocent Ligand?
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Dr. Thomas Zell Dr. Petr Milko Kathlyn L. Fillman Dr. Yael Diskin‐Posner Dr. Tatyana Bendikov Dr. Mark A. Iron Dr. Gregory Leitus Yehoshoa Ben‐David Prof. Michael L. Neidig Prof. David Milstein 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2014,20(15):4403-4413